On November 2 President Harry S. Truman was returned to office by the voters, defeating Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York in the greatest upset in the history of American presidential elections. The famous Chicago Tribune headline DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN, held triumphantly aloft by a gleeful Truman the morning after, is the most famous of the inaccurate predictions that preceded the election, but far from the only one. Virtually every publication and "expert" had taken a Dewey victory for granted.
In retrospect, observers attributed the surprising outcome to the two candidates' campaign rhetoric. Truman had come out cutting and slashing from the start, decrying the "do-nothing" …