Abstract: The South African child welfare system is struggling to respond effectively to vulnerable children and families. The crisis can be attributed to AIDS, poverty, and violence, all of which have weakened social networks; to the fragmented, discriminatory approach of the apartheid legacy; and to a severe lack of resources. In addition to these obstacles, however, is the child protection approach upon which local child welfare practices and policies are based. This approach is largely irrelevant to South African families and has typically been unable to deal with their needs. The child protection approach has been critiqued in Western contexts, in which it originates, as being …