In recent years, courts have struggled with the affirmative duty to disclose in private securities litigation, particularly under Rule 10b-5. This Article survey a series of "muddles" in the law of securities fraud - relating to obligations pursuant to SEC line-item requirements, fiduciary duties, issuer sales and repurchases, prior and contemporaneous disclosure and the remnants of "flexible duty" analysis - to show how courts became confused and what the consequence of that confusion has been. In general, this confusion reflects a combination of ambiguous signals from the Supreme Court and judicial disagreement about what the normative basis is for thinking through hard "duty" problems. …