Sakharov, Andrei Dmitriyevich - 1921–89, Soviet nuclear physicist and human-rights advocate; first Soviet citizen to receive the Nobel Peace Prize (1975). From 1948 to 1956 he helped to develop the USSR's hydrogen bomb. In the 1960s he became a critic of the arms race and of Soviet repression. In 1980, he was exiled to Gorky; in 1984 his wife, Yelena G. Bonner, an outspoken advocate of |
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