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Content Analysis for the Social Sciences and Humanities

by Ole R. Holsti. 240 pgs.

Contributors:

   Ole R. Holsti

Publisher:

   Addison Wesley (Current Publisher: Perseus Publishing)

Place of Publication:

  Reading, MA  

Publication Year:

  1969

Subjects:

Content Analysis (Communication), Content Analysis (Communication)--Data Processing

	Contents
1.	Content Analysis: An Introduction	1
	A Definition of Content Analysis	2
	The requirements of objectivity, system and generality	3
	The quantity-quality issue	5
	The manifest-latent issue	12
	When to Use Content Analysis	14
	Trends in Content Analysis Research	20
2.	Content Analysis Research Designs	24
	The Function of Research Designs	24
	Describing the Characteristics of Messages	27
	Inferences About the Causes of Communication	32
	Inferences About the Effects of Messages	35
	Research Designs: An Illustrative Example	37
	Concluding Comments	41
3.	The Uses of Content Analysis: Describing the Characteristics of Communication	42
	Characteristics of Content: What?	43
	To describe trends in communication content	43
	To relate known characteristics of sources to the messages they produce	48
	To audit communication content against standards	53
	Characteristics of Content: How?	59
	To analyze techniques of persuasion	59
	To analyze style	61
	Characteristics of Content: To Whom?	64
	To relate known attributes of the audience to messages produced for them	64
	To describe patterns of communication	66
	Conclusion	67
	4. The Uses of Content Analysis: Making Inferences About the Causes and Effects of Communication	68
	The Antecedents of Content: Why?	68
	To secure political and military intelligence	69
	To analyze psychological traits of individuals	70
	To infer aspects of culture and cultural change	80
	To provide legal evidence	83
	The Antecedents of Content: Who?	85
	The Results of Communication: With What Effect?	87
	To measure readability	89
	To analyze the flow of information	90
	To assess responses to communication	92
	Conclusion	93
5.	Coding Content Data	94
	Categories	95
	General requirements	95
	Standard categories	101
	Categories: some examples	104
	Units of Analysis	116
	Recording units	116
	Context units	117
	Systems of Enumeration	119
6.	Sampling, Reliability, and Validity	127
	Sampling	127
	Reliability	135
	Validity	142
7.	Computers in Content Analysis	150
	Word Count Programs	154
	"General Inquirer" Programs	156
	Dictionaries	156
	Data preparation	160
	Data analysis programs	161
	Computers and the problem of homographs	163
	Computer Content Analysis: An Example	164
	Dictionaries	167
	Data preparation	169
	Output format: "complexes of qualities"	171
	Output format: "complexes of performance"	178
	"Leftover list"	186
	Other Computer Content Analysis Programs	190
	Implications of Computers in Content Analysis	191
	References	195
	Index	222

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