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Ecoscience: Population, Resources, Environment

by Anne H. Ehrlich, Paul R. Ehrlich, John P. Holdren. 1052 pgs.

Contributors:

   Anne H. Ehrlich, Paul R. Ehrlich, John P. Holdren

Publisher:

   W. H. Freeman

Place of Publication:

  San Francisco  

Publication Year:

  1977

Subjects:

Human Ecology, Population, Pollution

	Contents
	Preface	xiii
	Chapter 1 Population, Resources, Environment: Dimensions of the Human Predicament	1
	The Essence of the Predicament	2
	Interactions: Resources, Economics, and Politics	2
	Interactions: Technology, Environment, and Well-Being	4
	The Prospects: Two Views	5
	SECTION I NATURAL PROCESSES AND HUMAN WELL-BEING	7
	Chapter 2 The Physical World	11
	Earth's Solid Surface and Below	14
	The Hydrosphere	21
	Atmosphere and Climate	32
	Chapter 3 Nutrient Cycles	67
	Dynamics of Nutrient Cycling	68
	Chemistry of Nutrient Cycles	70
	Cycles of the Principal Nutrients	73
	Other Nutrients and Geographical Variations	92
	Chapter 4 Populations and Ecosystems	97
	Population Dynamics	98
	Natural Selection and Evolution	122
	Community Ecology	128
	Biomes	145
	Freshwater Habitats	160
	Marine Habitats	161
	Ecological Models	170
	SECTION II POPULATION AND RENEWABLE RESOURCES	177
	Chapter 5 The History and Future of the Human Population	181
	Population Growth	181
	Demographic Projections and Population Structure	202
	Population Distribution and Movement	227
	Chapter 6 Land, Water, and Forests 247
	Land	247
	Water	257
	Forests	272
	The Taken-for-Granted Resources	278
	Chapter 7 A Hungry World	283
	The Production of Food	284
	The Dimensions of World Hunger	290
	The Distribution of Food	297
	Expanding the Harvest	328
	Food from the Sea	352
	New and Unconventional Food Sources	370
	Should We Be Pessimistic?	376
	SECTION III ENERGY AND MATERIALS	387
	Chapter 8 Energy	391
	Size and Sources of Contemporary Energy Use	393
	Growth and Change in Energy Flows	396
	Energy Resources: Supplies, Depletion, Limits	400
	Energy Technology	411
	Energy Use and Conservation	489
	Perspectives on the Energy Problem	498
	Chapter 9 Materials	515
	Materials Use: Flows and Stocks	516
	Prospects for New Mineral Supplies	522
	Augmenting Resources: Recycling, Substitution, Low-Grade Ores	525
	Conclusions	530
	SECTION IV UNDERSTANDING ENVIRONMENTAL DISRUPTION	535
	Chapter 10 Direct Assaults on Well-Being	541
	Air Pollution	542
	Water Pollution	556
	Pesticides and Related Compounds	561
	Trace Metals	567
	Fluorides	575
	Chemical Mutagens	575
	Ionizing Radiation	579
	The Environment and Cancer	586
	Noise Pollution	596
	The Work Environment	597
	Geological Hazards	600
	The Human Environment	601
	The Epidemiological Environment	606
	Chapter 11 Disruption of Ecological Systems	621
	Modifying Ecosystems	623
	Pollutants in Ecosystems	629
	Atmosphere and Climate	672
	Thermonuclear Warfare	690
	Ecological Accounting	691
	SECTION V THE HUMAN PREDICAMENT: FINDING AWAY OUT	711
	Chapter 12 Humanity at the Crossroads	715
	The Optimum Population	716
	Understanding the Web of Responsibility: The First Step to Solutions	719
	The Prospects	730
	Chapter 13 Population Policies	737
	Family Planning	738
	Population Policies in Developed Countries	745
	Population Policies in Less Developed Nations	761
	Motivation	776
	Population Control: Direct Measures	783
	Population Control and Development	789
	Chapter 14 Changing American Institutions	805
	Religion	806
	Science and Technology	813
	Medicine	823
	Education	824
	The Legal System	829
	Business, Labor, and Advertising	840
	Economic and Political Change	843
	Some Targets for Early Change	858
	A Question of Goals	873
	Chapter 15 Rich Nations, Poor Nations, and International Conflict	885
	Rich World, Poor World	887
	Population, Resources, and War	908
	Helping the Poor: A Problem in Ethics	920
	Inventing a Better Future	924
	International Controls: The Global Commons	939
	Chapter 16 Summary	953
	Cornucopians Versus Neo-Malthusians	953
	Defects in the Cornucopian Vision	954
	Alternative Approaches to Technology and Well-Being	955
	Epilogue	957
	Appendix 1 World Demography	959
	Appendix 2 Food and Nutrition	967
	Appendix 3 Pesticides	979
	Appendix 4 Reproduction and Birth Control	988
	Acknowledgments	1001
	Index of Subjects	1005
	Index of Names	1029

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