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Rashi

by Maurice Liber, Adele Szold. 286 pgs.

Contributors:

   Maurice Liber, Adele Szold

Publisher:

   The Jewish Publication Society of America

Place of Publication:

  Philadelphia  

Publication Year:

  1906

Subjects:

Rashi,--1040-1105

	CONTENTS
	PREFACE (page )	3
	INTRODUCTION (page )	13
	BOOK I-RASHI THE MAN
	CHAPTER I
I.	Material and Political Condition of the Jews of France in the Eleventh Century--Their Occupation-- Their Relations with the Christians--General Instruction and Religious Life--Limitations of their Literature .
II.	Rabbinical Culture--Part played by Italy--The Kalonymides--The Schools of Lorraine--Rabbenu Gershom, Meor ha-Golah--His Work and Influence--Contemporaries and Disciples of Gershom--Movement reaches its Climax with Rashi page	17
	CHAPTER II
I.	The Periods into which Rashi's Life may be divided --His Names--Rashi and Yarhi--Troyes in the Middle of the Eleventh Century--The Fairs of Champagne--The Community of Troyes--The Family of Rashi and Its Fame in Legend--Childhood--Education of Children among the Jews of France in the Middle Ages--Higher Instruction among the Jews and the Christians--Alleged Journeys and Adventures of Rashi .
II.	Rashi in Lorraine--Position of the Jews in Lorraine --Their Relations with the Jews of France--Schools of Worms and Mayence--Masters of Rashi and their Influence upon him--His Colleagues and Correspondents page	31
	CHAPTER III
I.	New Centre of Studies--Rashi and the City of Troyes --Spiritual Activity and Authority of Rashi--Rashi founds a School--His Authority and Teachings--His Relations with his Teachers--He writes his Commentaries--Marriage of his Three Daughters--His Sons-in-Law and Grandchildren--A Jewish Marriage in the Middle Ages--The Domestic Virtues--The Education and Position of Woman among the Jews .
II.	The Crusades--What they actually were--Massacres in the Jewries along the Moselle and the Rhine-- Rashi and the Apostates--Rashi and Godfrey of Bouillon-- Consequences of the Crusades--End of Rashi's Life-- Legends connected with his Death--Rashi's Death at Troyes page	53
	CHAPTER IV
I.	The Man and his Intellect--Depth and Naïveté of his Faith--His Goodness, Extreme Modesty, and Love of Truth--Attitude in Regard to his Masters--His Correspondents and his Pupils .
II.	The Scholar--Alleged Universality of his Knowledge --Wherein his Knowledge was limited, and wherein extended--Rashi's Library--The Authors he cites, and the Authorities to whom he appeals--Lacunae in his Knowledge--Sureness of his Knowledge page	73
	BOOK II--THE WORK OF RASHI
	CHAPTER V
	Composition of the Commentaries on the Bible and the Talmud--Their Character and their Limitations-- The Explanations--Clearness, Accuracy, Brevity--The French Glosses, or Laazim--Their Function--Their Philologic Importance--The Works treating of them page	89
	CHAPTER VI
	Rashi, the Commentator par excellence of the Bible--His Authorities--The Targumim, the Massorah--The Talmud and the Midrash--Exegesis before Rashi--The Peshat and the Derash (Literary Method and Free Method)--The Study of the Bible among the Christians and among the Jews--The Extent to which Rashi used the Two Methods--Various Examples--Anti-Christian Polemics--Causes of the Importance attached to Derash --Rashi and Samuel ben Meïr--Rashi's Grammar-- Rashi and the Spaniards--His Knowledge of Hebrew-- Rashi compared with Modern Exegetes and with Abraham Ibn Ezra--Homely Character of the Biblical Commentaries--Their Popularity page	104
	CHAPTER VII
	Differences between the Biblical and the Talmudic Commentaries--Composition--Wherein Rashi imitates and wherein he Is Original--His Predecessors--His Method --Establishment of the Text--The Commentary a Grammatical Guide--Accuracy and Soundness of his Explanations--Examples--Rashi as an Historian-- Rashi and the Halakah--Rashi and the Haggadah-- Citations--Value and Fortune of the Talmudic Commentaries . page	135
	CHAPTER VIII
	Rashi decides Questions of Law--Rabbinical Responsa as a Form of Literature--Historic Interest attaching to those of Rashi--Relations between Jews and Christians --Rashi and the Apostates--He preaches Concord in Families and Communities--Rashi's Character as manifested in his Responsa--The Naïveté, Strength, and Tolerance of his Faith . page	159
	CHAPTER IX
	Character of these Works--The Sefer ha-Pardes and the Sefer ha-Orah--The Maḥzor Vitry--The Elements and the Redactors of these Works--Their Interest and their Value . page	169
	CHAPTER X
	Liturgical Poetry at the Time of Rashi--The Selihot attributed to Rashi--Their Technique--Sentiments therein expressed--Quotations--Their Poetic Value page	173
	BOOK III--THE INFLUENCE OF RASHI
	CHAPTER XI
I.	Rashi and the Talmudic Movement in France--His Principal Disciples--Shemaiah--His Two Sons-in-law. Judah ben Nathan and Meïr ben Samuel--The School of Rameru--The Four Sons of Meïr--Samuel ben Meïr, his Intellect and his Work--Jacob Tam, his Life and Influence-- His Disciples and Works--The Tossafot--Method of the Tossafists and their Relation to Rashi--The School of Dampierre--Isaac ben Samuel the Elder and his Disciples--The School of Paris--Judah Sir Leon; his Chief Pupils--Jehiel of Meaux and his French and German Disciples--Redaction of the Tossafot .
II.	Rashi and the Biblical Movement In France--The Commentary on the Pentateuch by Samuel ben Meïr--His Disciples--Joseph Kara and Joseph Bekor-Shor--Their Rational Exegesis--Decadence of Biblical Exegesis--The Tossafot on the Pentateuch: Chief Collections; their Character--Rashi and Christian Exegesis--Nicholas de Lyra and Luther--Decadence of French Judaism from the Expulsion of 1181 to that of 1396 .
III.	Rashi's Influence outside of France--Rashi in the Orient; in the Provence--Evidences of his Reputation: in Italy: in Spain--How Abraham Ibn Ezra judged Rashi-- David Kimhi--Kabbalistic Exegesis--Nahmanides--Solomon ben Adret, Nissim Gerundi, and Asher ben Jehiel page	183
	CHAPTER XII
	Rashi in Foreign Countries--Rashi's Influence on the Italians; on the Last Spanish Talmudists--Elijah Mizrahi
	CONCLUSION (page )	222
	APPENDIX I THE FAMILY OF RASHI (page )	227
	APPENDIX II BIBLIOGRAPHY (page )	231
	NOTES (page )	241
	INDEX (page )	261

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