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Sadism and Masochism: The Psychology of Hatred and Cruelty Vol 1

by Wilhelm Stekel. 446 pgs.

Contributors:

   Wilhelm Stekel

Publisher:

   Liveright Publishing

Place of Publication:

  New York  

Publication Year:

  1953

Subjects:

Psychoanalysis, Sadism, Masochism, Sexual Deviation

	CONTENTS OF VOLUME ONE
	CHAPTER I
	Two ways of thinking -- Emotional thought -- Words as compromise formation -- Speech preceded by conflict of opposing impulses -- Energy of speech from instinctive life -- Thinking controlled by pleasure principle and reality principle -- Continuous struggle -- Longing for pleasure always with us -- Polyphony of thought always present -- Speech only the melody -- Condensation of thought -- Law of bipolarity in thought -- Illustrative dream of polyphony -- Reveals uncertainty of self -- Christ parapathy -- Sexual disharmony -- Cultural morality results in the playing of a part -- Moral ego leads upper voice -- Instinct ego carries counterpoint -- Repression of lower voices -- Daydreamer listens to them -- Analysis deals with polyphony -- Dream leads to inner voices -- Physician's intuition must circumvent patient's silencing of inner voices in association -- Analysis resolves a dream into many dreams -- Dream to be reduced finally to a single thought -- Study o...	1
	CHAPTER II
	Hatred a deeper motive power than love -- Ideal ego knows only love -- Through law of bipolarity there is unconscious hatred as well as unconscious love -- Love and hate, as attraction and repulsion, expressions of the life instinct -- Hatred a phenomenon of self-preservation -- Hatred primary -- Life instinct moves toward pleasure -- Pleasure consists in removal of pain as well as positive enjoyment -- Primitive man probably kept rhythm between pleasure and pain -- Infancy represents this stage -- Child ignorant of value of pain to enhance pleasure -- Resents pain -- Loves individuals who afford him pleasure -- Hates those who interfere -- Mother taken into his ego -- Gradually learns to include others -- Hate the expression of the will to power, love of the will to submission -- Love the condition for social feeling -- It incorporates strangers into the ego in satisfactory, because voluntary, submission -- Conscience victory of the external over the ego -- F...
	War example of withheld hatred -- All cruelty toned with sexual pleasure -- Our epoch one of barbarousness, shown in coarseness in art, literature, sports -- Child's first delight in power becomes pleasure in pain caused --Infantile cruelty persists only under bad training -- Fairy tales, myths, superstitions contain residue of earlier hate -- Cruelties in superstitious customs and religious sects -- Union of religion and cruelty suggests infantilism -- Le Bon and Freud show group psychology is that of child; regression to primitive reactions -- Example (Weimann) of young sadist who influenced group as Indian chieftain -- Fascist, Ku Klux, and other social groups show regression to cruelty and hatred -- Pathological brutality represents arrested development or regression to what is concealed or sublimated in other men -- Cruelty associated with normal sexuality represents strife between will to power and will to submission -- Cruelty in love play of...	22
	CHAPTER III
	Active and passive types react differently to resistance, former seeking object offering greatest resistance, latter the way of least resistance -- Perhaps equal amount of aggressiveness in all -- Some use it externally, others turn it within -- Analysis succeeds when it overcomes resistance -- Resistance polar phenomenon to transference -- Love toward physician means will to submission -- If disappointed in receiving love in return, defiance enters -- Child in same way manifests obedience or defiance -- Resistance means ego in conflict with another -- Obstinacy the hatred guarding against pain -- Child learns to know personality through conflict, differentiation from environment -- Interference with child's sex­
	ual pleasure rouses hatred toward environment -- Internal resistance produced in child by barriers of morality and warning -- Patient forces physician into the attitude of those who first drove the child toward the parapathy -- Example of resistance in analysis serving to hide "primitive reaction" -- Primary expectancy of pleasure from every new person in environment -- Children seek to rouse affect rather than indifference -- Patient behaves similarly to physician -- Sadist produces affect by creating it or picturing it in object; masochist feels self into humiliating situation -- Sadist overcomes another's resistance; masochist his own -- Hatred against the one who has triunaphed -- Sadists and masochists are masturbators -- Masturbation of defiance bound with concealed incest -- Sadists and masochists not necessarily respectively strong and weak -- Sadist's religions attitude defiant; masochist's religious nature seldom concealed -- Sadomasochistic complex ...	45
	CHAPTER IV
	Mistake to consider pain central factor of sadomasochistic complex -- Sadomasochism not merely heightening respectively of masculine and feminine component -- Sadism in women as well as men -- Sadomasochism not mere congenital disposition -- Due to environment -- A reversionary phenomenon -- Sadism persists beyond infantile period; changed to masochism -- A form of psychosexual infantilism -- Manifested as repetition compulsion --
	Emphasis in hysteria to be placed upon displacement of affect -- Will to pain as well as to freedom from pain -- Example of operation without narcosis under pumped-up affect -- Sadists and masochists very sensitive to pain except under great affect -- Sadomasochists all affect-hungry -- Most histories of sadists merely descriptive -- Case 1: Pleasure in observing whipping at school -- Feeling of guilt with pollutions -- Mother fixation without conscious recognition -- Mother stronger, more active than father -- Infantile religiousness -- Repressed homosexual component -- Fear and forbidden wish play part in creating excitement -- Sadomasochistic clinical picture contains fetishism, homosexuality, all forms of paraphiliac impulse -- Case 2: Educated in cloister yet proclaims himself atheist and free-thinker -- Strong inner piety -- Wandering impulse -- Father in flight from married life -- Sadism changed to masochism only after some years -- Homosexuality -- Ove...	57
	CHAPTER V
	Homosexual represses sadistic component -- Reference to works on homosexuality -- Previous failure to recognize sadism and masochism as bipolar expressions of same energy -- All reactions in love life manifested positively and negatively -- Social life forces normal man more to sadism, woman to masochism -- Adler's "masculine protest" -- Objections to it -- Krafft-Ebing
	Castration wishes -- Religiousness and superstition -- Sadism evident in dreams -- Homosexuality escape from lust murder -- Love to father root of homosexuality -- Mother's jealousy creates attitude toward women -- Strong sense of guilt -- Sadistic attitude toward men -- Dreams of sadism -- Case 11: Sadism toward animals and children -- Toward parents -- Conclusion: Sadist and homosexual atavistic phenomena -- Determining force of early years	137
	CHAPTER VI
	Horror feminæ of male masochist -- Masochist repeats infantile -- Case 12: Repeats with prostitute swaddling and care of infant -- Periodic longing to be a child -- Cruel as child -- Homosexuality repressed -- Trisexual conflict -- Overcoming of fear, disgust, shame, brings pleasure -- Pleasure obtained from release of inhibition -- Fear arises from murder impulse -- Sadomasochistic scene at first a play of fantasy; becomes a sexual goal -- Parapathy and paraphilia self-enacted drama -- Examples from Pascal, Krafft-Ebing -- Case 13: Obsessions -- Carries out with prostitute experience of whipping by mother -- Impotence due to incest fantasy -- Hypertrophied sadistic impulse -- Masochistic scene compromise between pleasure and punishment -- Strong homosexual component -- Case 14: Whipping scenes with mother copied -- Sadism changed to masochism -- Religious penance and sexuality -- Masochistic traits in sadists show character of penance -- Case 15: Suicide ...	202
	CHAPTER VII
	Fallacy of superior morality of country vs. city -- Case 17: Medical student of country origin -- Obsessive brooding, impotence, polyuria, distress in eating -- Paternal grandparents; talented, efficient, atheists, unhappily married -- Maternal grandparents; religious, affairs mismanaged -- Strong religious influence of grandmother -- Father taciturn, hard-working, contradictory in nature -- Ambitious for son -- Mother in subjection to father -- Constant quarreling, father brutal to mother in sexuality -- Father inspired patient with hatred toward mother -- Early sexual experiences -- Sexual play with animals -- Anal experiences and fantasies -- Taught sexuality by sister -- Strong feeling of guilt -- Torture of confession -- Unsuccessful effort to study for priesthood -- Martyr fantasies -- Conflict between desire to be with father on farm and to be a priest according to grandmother's wish -- Excessive masturbation -- Return to religion -- Sodomy with dogs --W...
	ysis by Lippmann -- Homosexual transference as cousin substitute -- Hatred displaced from father to Stekel -- Christ parapathy as escape from incest and narcissism -- Suicide threat -- Threat of insanity -- "Analytic parapathy" -- Patient's future depends upon freeing self from family -- Final report: self-supporting but not yet able to study medicine	243
	CHAPTER VIII
	Primitive reaction to another's misfortune is pleasure -- Civilization demands sublimation of this joy -- Pity often only repression -- Monomaniacs of pity -- Suspiciously strong affect -- Misanthropy allied with fondness for animals -- Case 18; Excited over animals tortured in transportation -- Dreams of animal torture -- Whipped by father until fifteen -- Active fantasy life -- Early masturbation -- Anæsthetic in coitus -- Children a burden -- Identifies herself with animals -- Compassion for herself -- Dream reveals death wish toward husband -- Readjustment under transference -- Dream reveals compassion for herself because of death of former lover -- Castration complex associated with fear of pregnancy -- Experience at last childbirth -- Masochism as extreme will to subjection -- Fear of own passion -- Punishment for bestial desires and sadism toward husband -- Sympathy of parapathics with their victims -- Appears as impotence and anæsthesia -- Cas...	302
	CHAPTER IX
	Freud's theory regarding "A Child Is Being Beaten" -- In author's experience these cases concerned with obsession -- Significance of the idea very great -- Chief of all sadistic and masochistic fantasies -- Case 20: Despair over persistence of the fantasy-Child beaten by teacher -- Patient studying English with elderly woman -- Talked of whippings -- Became exclusive theme -- Infatuation for the woman -- Withdrawal from English woman; confided in wife -- Analysis revealed English woman resembled
	mother -- Masochistic toward mother -- Wife contrast to mother -- Homosexual repugnance to certain type of males -- Regression of libido into homosexual channel -- Flight from recognition of this into infantile attitude -- Parapathic symptom a compromise -- Love of nephew roused the conflict between will to power and will to submission -- Incestuous inclinations toward own children -- Childish sadistic conception of sexuality -- Case 21: Early interest in boys who were whipped -- Masturbation -- Indulged in masochistic literature -- Hoped for healing through girl loved -- Marriage delayed -- Fantasy of chastisement by wife -- Feared return of fantasy -- Exalted bride -- Weak potency -- Wife became parapathic -- Strong fixation upon mother and sister -- Struggle with incest -- Asexualized mother and wife -- Deification of woman because of double valuation of her -- Case 22: Extravagant masochistic expression in letter to betrothed -- Impotent in marriage -- P...	340
	CHAPTER X
	ANALYSIS OF A SADOMASOCHISTIC PARAPHILIA
	Extraordinary condensation of paraphiliac symptom -- Case 23: Impotence and masochistic disposition -- Satisfaction only when hand is struck -- Infantile experiences with governess -- Hand of children and girls fetish for him -- Sadistic toward animals -- Excessive masturbation -- In love with cousin -- Wants to be present when her father chastises her -- In love with his own hand -- Visits an instructress who permits men to peep at children being punished -- Obsession to do everything in numbers -- Reading sadomasochistic -- Grandmother plays part in origin of parapathy -- Parents beat him -- Hand is the genital -- Sadistic scenes prominent in fantasies -- Cannibalistic impulses -- Absurd sexual bringing up -- Paraphilia in despite of his parents -- Desire for repetition of father's whipping -- Disappointment in love, with inferiority complex, determined regression -- Childish sexual impulse combatted by parents and teachers -- Fantasy of lust murder comes ...
	masturbation and hatred -- Smelling hand associated with mother's genital -- In absence of sister, patient imagines sister-All girls are sisters to him -- These in turn represent the mother -- Number obsession represents death wish toward parents -- Also associated with grandmother's death -- Dismissal of devoted governess serious trauma -- Bipolarity toward parents -- Memories of mother's beating -- Beating by father and sexual desire -- Blood complex -- Beating as contact -- Fantasy of mother as prostitute in relation to whipping -- Summary of individual determinants of the paraphilia	370
	Notes to Volume One	435

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