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Stage Rigging Handbook

by Jay O. Glerum. 231 pgs.

Contributors:

   Jay O. Glerum

Publisher:

   Southern Illinois University Press

Place of Publication:

  Carbondale, IL  

Publication Year:

  1997

Subjects:

Stage Machinery--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc, Stage Management--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc, Theaters--Safety Measures--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc, Theaters--Stage-Setting And Scenery--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc

	Contents
	Preface to the Second Edition	xiii
	Preface to the First Edition	xv
	Symbols and Abbreviations	xvii
	Part 1 Loads and Reactions	1
	1.01 The 4 K's	1
	1.02 Knowing the Rigging System	2
	A. Load and Force	2
	B. Static Equilibrium	3
	1.03 Supporting a Load	3
	A. The Engineer and the Rigger	3
	B. Seat-of-the-Pants Experience	4
C.	Free Body Diagram	4
D.	Summation of Forces	5
	E. Moment of Force	7
	F. Examples	9
	G. Continuous Beams	13
	1.04 Summation of Forces 14
	A. Resultant Force	14
	B. The Law of Sines	15
	C. Table of Multipliers for Resultant Forces	16
	D. Vectors	18
	1.05 Bridle Analysis	18
	A. Bridle Length Calculation	20
	B. Vertical and Horizontal Forces	21
	C. Bridle Tension	23
	D. Vector Analysis	24
	E. Hanging Points of Different Heights	25
	F. Ratio of Horizontal to Vertical Distance	28
	G. Allowable Loads	29
	H. The Effect of Bridles on Hanging Points	29
	1.06 Strength of Materials	30
	A. Types of Applied Forces	31
	B. Stress, Strain, and Hooke's Law	32
C.	Yield Point and Elasticity	34
D.	Ultimate Breaking Point	36
	E. Torsion	36
	F. Unpredictable Forces	36
	G. Design Factor of Components, Working Load Limit	37
	H. Determining the Design Factor	38
	Part 2 Block and Tackle Rigging	41
	2.01 Introduction	41
	2.02 Anatomy of a Block and Tackle System	42
	A. Wooden Blocks	43
	B. Metal Blocks	44
	C. Other Types of Blocks	44
	2.03 Load Distribution on a Block	44
	A. Static Load	44
	B. Dynamic Load	46
	2.04 Mechanical Advantage	48
	A. Apparent Mechanical Advantage	48
	B. Actual Mechanical Advantage	49
	C. Calculating Lead Line Pull	51
	D. Mechanical Advantage of Common Systems	52
	E. Calculating the Total Load on the System	56
	F. Rope and Sheave Wear	56
	G. Mechanical Advantage of Complex Systems	57
	2.05 Lacing and Reeving of Blocks	58
	2.06 Inspecting a Block and Tackle System	61
	2.07 Using a Block and Tackle System	62
	A. User's Checklist	62
	B. Attaching	62
	C. Operating	63
	D. Storing	63
	Part 3 Hemp Rigging	65
	3.01 Introduction	65
	3.02 The Hemp Systems	65
	A. Single-Line System	65
	B. Multiple-Line System	66
	C. Sandbag and Arbor Attachment as Counterweight	67
	3.03 The Rope	68
	A. Considerations of Rigging Rope	68
	B. Types of Natural-Fiber Rope	70
	C. Synthetic-Fiber Rope	71
	D. Tensile Strength or Breaking Strength	73
	E. Strength and Allowable Working Load of Rope	73
	F. Effects of Knotting	75
	G. Care of Rope	76
	H. Indications of Wear	79
	I. Testing a Rope	81
	J. Bo'sun's Chair	81
	K. Selecting the Right Rope for the Job	82
	3.04 Blocks	82
	A. Loads	85
	B. Head Blocks	87
C.	Loft Blocks	88
D.	Spot Blocks	88
	E. Mule Blocks	89
	F. Idler Pulleys	90
	G. Sag Bars	90
	H. Snatch Blocks	91
	3.05 Pin Rail	92
	A. Fixed Pin Rail	93
	B. Loose Pin Rail	93
C.	Single Pin Rail	93
D.	Double Pin Rail	93
	E. Pins	93
	F. Tying Off	95
	3.06 Sandbags and Arbors	98
	A. Attaching Sandbags and Arbors with a Sunday	98
	B. Attaching Sandbags and Arbors with a Trim Clamp	99
	3.07 Jack Line	102
	3.08 Spot Line Rigging	102
	A. Positioning Loft Block	103
	B. Positioning Head Blocks	103
C.	Fleet Angle	103
D.	Aligning Blocks	104
	E. Running Rope	105
	F. Attaching Weight to Rope	105
	3.09 Operation of Hemp Rigging	105
	A. Safety Inspecting All Components	107
	B. Untying a Line Set	107
	C. Attaching Loads	108
	D. Removing Loads	108
	E. Trim Marks	109
	F. Lashing with Small Stuff	109
	G. Retrimming	111
	H. Coiling and Dressing	111
	I. Showtime Operation	111
	3.10 Operation Summary	112
	3.11 Safety-inspection Summary	112
	3.12 Historical Summary	112
	Part 4 Counterweight Rigging	114
	4.01 Introduction	114
	4.02 Single-Purchase Counterweight System	115
	4.03 Double-Purchase Counterweight System	116
	4.04 Miscellaneous Hardware	117
	4.05 Wire Rope	118
	A. Properties of Wire Rope for Stage Rigging	118
	B. Construction of Wire Rope	121
C.	Grades of Wire Rope	122
D.	Attaching to Batten and Arbor	125
	E. Indications of Wear	131
	4.06 Wire-Rope Blocks	133
	A. Material	133
	B. Sizing	134
	C. Head Blocks	135
	D. Tension Block	135
	4.07 Lock Rail	136
	A. Lock	136
	B. Lock Adjustment	138
	C. Load Limit and Identification	138
	4.08 Arbor	139
	A. Guide Systems	139
	B. Pipe Weight	140
	4.09 Hand Line	142
	4.10 Loading Bridge	143
	A. Storing Weights	143
	B. Loading and Unloading Weights	144
	C. Identifying Load Limits and Weights	144
	4.11 Loading and Unloading Using a Loading Bridge	146
	A. Crew Responsibilities	146
	B. Communications	155
C.	Runaway Set	155
D.	Loading	155
	E. Unloading	156
	4.12 Loading and Unloading without a Loading Bridge	156
	A. Partial Loads	156
	B. Unbalanced Large Loads	156
	4.13 Showtime Operation	161
	A. Label the Lock Rail	161
	B. Use Trim Marks	161
C.	Knuckle Buster	163
D.	Preshow Testing	163
	E. Cuing	163
	4.14 Special Counterweight Rigging Problems	164
	A. Lighting Battens	164
	B. Variable Load	164
	C. Increasing the Counterweight Capacity	166
	4.15 Operation Summary	167
	4.16 Safety-Inspection Summary	167
	Part 5 Motorized Rigging	169
	5.01 Introduction	169
	5.02 Systems Descriptions	171
	A. Motorized Counterweight Systems	171
	B. Straight Winch	172
	C. Line-Shaft System	173
	5.03 Motor Types	176
	A. AC Electric Motor	176
	B. DC Electric Motor	176
	C. Hydraulic Motor	176
	5.04 Electric Winch Components	179
	A. Motor	179
	B. Gear Reducer	179
C.	Brakes	179
D.	Drum	180
	E. Controls	180
	F. Rigging Components	184
	5.05 Hydraulic Winch Components	184
	5.06 Hand Winch	184
	5.07 Operation of Motorized Rigging	186
	A. Safety Inspect All Components	187
	B. System Capacity	187
	C. Loading and Unloading	187
	D. Showtime Operation	188
	5.08 Operation Summary	188
	5.09 Safety-Inspection Summary	188
	Part 6 Cutting and Knotting Rope, Attaching Loads, Special Problems	190
	6.01 Fiber Rope	190
	A. Cutting	190
	B. Knots	192
	6.02 Wire Rope	196
	A. Cutting	196
	B. Unreeling and Uncoiling	197
	C. Terminating	197
	6.03 Bolts	207
	6.04 Attaching Loads	209
	A. Curtains	209
	B. Drops	210
C.	Vertical Framed Scenery	211
D.	Horizontal Framed Scenery	213
	E. Point Loads	215
	6.05 Special Problems	217
	A. Breasting	217
	B. Tripping	217
C.	Guiding	218
D.	Dead Hanging	218
	E. Flying People	218
	6.06 Recordkeeping	220
	A. Rail Log	221
	B. Inspection and Maintenance Log	221
	6.07 Operator Training	221
	Glossary	225
	Selected Bibliography	229

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