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The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History
The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History
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The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History

by R. Keith Schoppa. 356 pgs.

Read the complete book The Columbia Guide to Modern Chinese History by becoming a questia.com member. Choose a membership plan to an academic-level library with more than 67,000 full-text books, 1.5 million articles, an entire reference set with a dictionary, encyclopedia, thesaurus plus a collection of digital tools to organize your information.
 

publication details

Contributors:

   R. Keith Schoppa

Publisher:

   Columbia University Press

Place of Publication:

  New York  

Publication Year:

  2000
Subjects:   China--History--19th Century, China--History--20th Century
Table of contents
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction xiii
PART I: HISTORICAL NARRATIVE 1
CHAPTER ONE The Decline of the Traditional State, 1780–1901 3
China in 1780 3
The Faces of Western Imperialism 13
Domestic Rebellion and the Devolution of Power to the Localities 21
Military Defeats and the Loss of Tributary States 30
The Cultural, Ideological, and Political Nature of Chinese Response to Civilizational Crisis 37
CHAPTER TWO Building State and Nation Amid Cultural Revolution, 1901–28 50
The “Revolutionary” Manchus 50
Militarization and Political Options 57
Social and Cultural Revolution 63
Nationalism and Its Proponents 71
CHAPTER THREE Social Revolution: Alternatives for State and Nation, 1928–60 81
Struggles to Reconstruct Chinese Society 81
The Ravages of Invasion and Civil War 90
The Years That Were Fat 104
Communization and Militarization 111
CHAPTER FOUR Economic Disasters and Miracles: 1960 to the Present— Whither State and Nation? 119
Cultural and Economic Catastrophe 119
Reform and Repression 127
State Decentralization and National Power 133
Social and Cultural Change 141
PART II: COMPENDIUM OF KEY EVENTS, TERMS, INSTITUTIONS, AND FIGURES 155
Major Events and Movements 155
Terms 163
Institutions and Organizations 166
Treaties and International Settlements 170
Emperors 172
Qing Dynasty Government Leaders 174
Leaders of Dissent, Rebellion, or Revolution 179
Nationalist Party (Guomindang/Kuomintang) Leaders 183
Communist Party (Gongchandang) Leaders 187
Military Figures 197
Intellectuals, Writers, and Artists 201
PART III: RESOURCE GUIDE 215
Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works 215
General Works 215
Politics 220
Society 231
The Economy 238
The World of Culture and Thought 243
Relations with the Outside World 252
Documentaries and Feature Films 256
Electronic Resources 260
PART IV: APPENDICES 263
APPENDIX 1: CHRONOLOGY, 1780 TO THE PRESENT 265
APPENDIX 2: DOCUMENTS 270
Letter of Commissioner Lin Zexu to Queen Victoria (1839) 270
The Taiping Plan for Reorganizing Chinese Society from The Land System of the Heavenly Dynasty (1853) 271
Memorial of Kang Youwei to the Guangxu Emperor (1898) 273
The Boxer Protocol (1901) 275
The Manifesto of the Revolutionary Alliance (Tongmenghui) (1905) 278
Chen Duxiu's “Call to Youth” from New Youth (1915) 279
The Three Principles of the People, Sun Yat-sen (1924) 282
Fundamentals of National Reconstruction, Sun Yat-sen (1924) 284
Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan, Mao Zedong (1927) 286
The Jiangxi Soviet Land Law of 1932 287
Talks at the Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art, Mao Zedong (1942) 290
On the People's Democratic Dictatorship, Mao Zedong (1949) 291
The Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China (1950) 293
Decision of the Central Committee of the CCP Concerning the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966) 296
Big Character Poster, “Bombard the Headquarters,” Mao Zedong (1966) 298
“Democracy or a New Dictatorship,” Wei Jingsheng, published in Explorations (1979) 298
Proposals for the Reform of the Political Structure, Su Shaozhi (1986) 300
Wall poster, Beijing Spring (1989) 302
Main points of Deng Xiaoping's Talks in Shenzhen (1992) 304
Excerpt from Decision of Central Committee on Some Issues Concerning the Establishment of a Socialist Market Economic Structure (1993) 305
APPENDIX 3: MAJOR PARTY CONGRESSES 308
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) 308
Guomindang (Nationalist Party) 311
APPENDIX 4: TABLES AND FIGURES ON TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS 314
Table 1: Selected Development and Demographic Trends, 1950–90 314
Table 2: Regional Variation in Demographic Indicators 315
Table 3: Ethnic Minorities with Populations Over Four Million 315
Table 4: Basic Indicators for Greater China, 1995 316
Table 5: Indicators of Economic Development Level, 1952–90 317
Table 6: China's Trade with Selected Countries and Regions, 1970, 1978–85 318
Table 7: United States Trade with China, 1978–93 319
Table 8: United States Direct Foreign Investment in China, 1983–93 320
Table 9: Agricultural Performance, 1957–78 and 1978–84 320
Table 10: State Budgets with Reference to Defense and Other Expenditures, 1978–94 321
Table 11: Indicators of Social Development, 1952–90 322
Table 12: Number of Schools, 1952–91 323
Table 13: Number of Students, 1950–91 324
Table 14: Changes in Aspects of Freedom of Mate Choice, 1900–82 325
Table 15: Bride Age at First Marriage, 1900–82 326
Table 16: Groom Age at First Marriage, 1900–82 327
Figure 1: Urban Residents Income and Living Expenditures, 1995 328
Figure 2: Urban Ownership of Household Appliances, 1995 329
Index 331
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encyclopedia articles on: (China History 19th Century) OR (China History 20th Century)  - 55 results

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1.
History
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
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2.
Communism
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
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3.
Opera
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...his last opera, Turandot (1926). Russian Opera The 19th cent. also saw the beginning of Russian opera. Mikhail...his masterpiece Boris Godunov (1874) turned to Russian history and literature to produce strictly national operas. Russian...his last opera, The Golden Cockerel (1909). Twentieth-Century Opera In the early part of the 20th cent. the foremost...operatic works by Americans in the same period include Nixon in China (1987) and The Death of Klinghoffer (1991) by John Adams...
4.
German Art and Architecture
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...chief exponents in painting. At this time, too, small Dresden china figures and groups became very popular, with the workshops...sculptures of J. G. Schadow were regarded as the model for a century of subsequent German plastic art. The Nineteenth Century...Menzel executed woodcuts as well and were responsible for the 19th-century revival of the medium. The Biedermeier period...German Art in the 20th Century (tr. 1968); G. Lindemann, History of German Art (tr. 1971); J. Weinstein, The End of Expressionism...
5.
Chinese Art
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Animal subjects were also frequently represented. The 8th-century artist Han Kan is famous for his painting of horses. The...was maintained, particularly in the applied arts, until the 19th cent., when the output became much more limited. The famous...there was little innovation in painting. Throughout the history of Chinese painting one characteristic has prevailed the...so-called minor arts, the world owes an incalculable debt to China. Cross-Cultural Influences in Modern Times Western influence...
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