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The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall, 1477-1806
The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall, 1477-1806
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The Dutch Republic: Its Rise, Greatness, and Fall, 1477-1806

by Jonathan Israel. 1231 pgs.

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Table of contents
CONTENTS
List of Plates xvi
Explanatory Notes to the Plates xviii
List of Maps xxiv
List of Tables xxv
Abbreviations xxviii
1.Introduction 1
PART 1: THE MAKING OF THE REPUBLIC,1477-1588
2.On the Threshold of the Modern Era 9
The Rise of Holland 9
Under the Burgundians 21
The Early Habsburg Netherlands 29
The Institutions of the Habsburg Netherlands 35
3.Humanism and the Origins of the Reformation 1470-1520 41
4. Territorial Consolidation, 1516-1559 55
5.The Early Dutch Reformation, 1519-1565 74
The Netherlands Church on the Eve of the Reformation 74
The Impact of Luther 79
Fragmentation 84
Spiritualism and the Impact of Persecution 96
The Rise of Calvinism 101
6.Society before the Revolt 106
The Land, Rural Society, and Agriculture 106
Urbanization 113
The Urban Economy 116
Institutions of Civic Life: Guilds, Militias, Chambers of Rhetoric 119
Poverty and Civic Welfare 123
The Regents 125
7.The Breakdown of the Habsburg Regime, 1549-1566 129
The Seeds of Revolt 129
Crisis, 1559-1566 137
8.Repression under Alva, 1567-1572 155
9.The Revolt Begins 169
10.The Revolt and the Emergence of a New State 179
The Revolt Survives, 1573-1575 179
From the Pacification of Ghent (1576) to the Union of Utrecht(1579) 184
The Two Netherlands 196
The Habsburg Reconquest of the South, 1579-1585 205
The North Netherlands under Leicester, 1585-1587 220
PART II: THE EARLY GOLDEN AGE, 1588-1647
11.Consolidation of the Republic, 1588-1590 233
12.The Republic Becomes a Great Power, 1590-1609 241
Territorial Expansion 241
The Fixed Garrison System 262
The Dutch Military Reforms and their European Significance 267
The Dutch in Europe: Skills, Technology, and Engineering 271
13.The Institutions of the Republic 276
The Provinces 276
Taxation and the Tax System 285
The Generality 291
The Generality Lands 297
The Stadholderate 300
14.The Commencement of Dutch World Trade Primacy 307
Revolt, Commerce, and Migration from the South 307
The Changing Balance between 'Bulk-Carrying' and the 'Rich Trades' 315
The Beginnings of the Dutch Colonial Empire 318
15.Society after the Revolt 328
Urbanization 328
Rural Society 332
The Nobility 337
The Regents 341
The Merchant élite 344
The élite of the Skilled 348
Wages 351
Civic Poor Relief and Charitable Institutions 353
16. Protestantization, Catholicization, Confessionalization 361
The Confessional Arena 361
The Organization of the Dutch Reformed Church 367
The Rejection of Toleration 372
The Catholic Revival 377
Confessionalization and the State 390
Anabaptism and the Confessionalization Process 395
17.The Separation of Identities: The Twelve Years Truce 399
The Pressure to Negotiate 399
The Political and Economic Consequences of the Truce 405
'South' confronts 'North' 410
18.Crisis within the Dutch Body Politic, 1607-1616 421
19.The Fall of the Oldenbarnevelt Regime, 1616-1618 433
20. The Calvinist Revolution of the Counter-Remonstrants, 1618-1621 450
Domestic Politics 450
The Synod of Dordrecht (Dordt), 1618-1619 460
Maurits, the Counter-Remonstrants, and the Commencement of the Thirty Years War 465
The Beginnings of the Further Reformation 474
21.The Republic under Siege, 1621-1628 478
Maurits's last Years, 1621-1625 478
The Commencement of Frederik Hendrik's Stadholderate 485
Politics, Ideology, and the Great Dutch Toleration Debate of the late 1620s 499
22.The Republic in Triumph, 1629-1647 506
Frederik Hendrik Victorious and the Regents Divided, 1629-1632 506
The Negotiations between North and South of 1632-1633 516
Frederik Hendrik and the Regent Party-Factions, 1633-1640 523
The Contest for the Leadership of the Republic, 1640-1647 537
23.Art and Architecture, 1590-1648 547
The Proliferation of Art 547
Architecture and the Building Boom 552
Specialization in Painting 555
The Second Phase in Golden Age Art,1621-c.1645 559
24.Intellectual Life, 1572-1650 565
The Forming of a New Culture 565
Universities and Civic High Schools 569
Dutch Late Humanism 575
The Rise of the Mechanistic World-View 581
Boreelism and the 'Third Force' 587
PART III: THE LATER GOLDEN AGE, 1647-1702
25.The Stadholderate of William II, 1647-1650 595
26. Society 610
The Economy 610
Population 619
Work and Migration 622
The Huguenot Influx 627
Wages and Living Standards 630
Rural Society 633
27.Confessionalization, 1647-1702 637
The Rise of Toleration 637
William III and the Churches 645
Jansenism and Anti-Jansenism 649
The Waning of the Lesser Churches 653
Church Politics in the Generality Lands 658
The Unity of the Public Church 660
Internal Confessionalization 669
The Later Stages of the Toleration Debate 674
28.Freedom and Order 677
A Disciplined Society 677
Schools, Literacy, and the Reshaping of Popular Culture 686
The Further Reformation and Society 690
29. The Republic at its Zenith, I: The 650s 700
The Making of the 'True Freedom' 700
The First Anglo-Dutch War (1652-1654) and the Exclusion Crisis (1654) 713
De Witt's System during the Later 1650s 726
30.The Republic at its Zenith, II: 1659-1672 739
'South' and 'North' after the Peace of the Pyrenees, 1659 739
Party and Faction in the Early 1660s 748
Ideological Conflict in the Early 1660s 758
The Second Anglo-Dutch War, 1664-1667 766
The Republic in Conflict with Louis XIV 776
The Twilight of the 'True Freedom' 785
31.1672: Year of Disaster 796
32.The Stadholderate of William III, 1672-1702 807
From the 'Year of Disaster' to the Peace of Nijmegen, 1672-1678 807
From Nijmegen to the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1678-1685 825
The Republic and the Glorious Revolution, 1685-1691 841
The Last Years of William III's Stadholderate 854
33.Art and Architecture, 1645-1702 863
Urban Expansion, Town Planning, and the Arts 863
Phase Three: The Zenith in Painting, c. 1645-1672 873
Art after the Crash of 1672 881
34.Intellectual Life, 1650-1700 889
Intellectual Crisis 889
The Universities 899
Science 903
The Anti-Socinian Campaign 909
Radical Cartesians and Spinozists 916
The Death of the Devil 925
The Two Dutch Enlighteriments 931
35.The Colonial Empire 934
The Territories 934
Commerce, Shipping, and Seamen in the Indies 940
Power, Politics, and Patronage 946
Religion and Discipline 951
PART IV: THE AGE OF DECLINE, 1702-1806
36.The Republic of the Regents, 1702-1747 959
The New Regime 959
The War of the Spanish Succession, 1702-1713 968
The Austrian Netherlands and the North after 1713 975
Neutrality and Domestic Stability, 1713-1746 985
37.Society 998
Economic Decline -- Relative and Absolute 998
Urban Decay 1006
Wealth and Poverty 1012
38.The Churches 1019
Dutch Reformed, Protestant Dissenters, Catholics, and Jews 1019
The Loosening of Internal Confessional Barriers 1030
39.The Enlightenment 1038
The Dutch Impact 1038
The 'Radical' Enlightenment 1047
The Decline of the Universities 1049
The Decline of the Visual Arts 1051
The Enlightenment in the Austrian Netherlands 1054
The Enlightenment in the Colonial Empire 1057
The Later Dutch Enlightenment 1062
40.The Second Orangist Revolution,1747-1751 1067
41. The Faltering Republic and the New Dynamism in the 'South' 1079
Politics during the Minority of William V, 1751-1766 1079
New Directions in the Austria Netherlands 1087
The Early Years of William V's Stadholderate, 1766-1780 1090
42.The Patriot Revolution, 1780-1787 1098
43.The Fall of the Republic 1113
The Orangist Counter-Revolution, 1787-1795 1113
The Conservative Revolution in the 'South' and the New 'Netherlands epublic' 1115
The End of the United Provinces 1119
44.Denouement 1122
The Batavian Republic, 1795-1806 1122
Abolished by Napoleon 1127
Bibliography 1131
Index 1189
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Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
NETHERLANDS neth rl ndz, Du. Nederland or Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, officially Kingdom of the Netherlands, constitutional monarchy...General. Members of the deliberative upper house, the 75-seat First Chamber, are elected...country is divided into 12 provinces. History The Rise of the Netherlands One...enjoyed vast autonomous privileges. In 1477, Mary of Burgundy by the Great Privilege...
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North Brabant
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...259,800), c.1,920 sq mi (4,970 sq km), S Netherlands, bordering on Belgium in the south and...boundary, but elsewhere is comprised mainly of sandy heathland. Wheat and sugar beets...appliances, shoes, and pharmaceuticals. The history of the province was that of Brabant (see...
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Prussia
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...state, the largest and most important of the German states. Berlin was the...and stretched from the borders of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg in the west...territory E of the Oder and Neisse rivers. History Growth of Brandenburg-Prussia...system based on tax-paying ability. The house of lords was largely controlled by the...
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