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The Repressor of over Much Blaming of the Clergy
The Repressor of over Much Blaming of the Clergy
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The Repressor of over Much Blaming of the Clergy

by Reginald Pecock, Churchill Babington. 318 pgs.

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publication details

Contributors:

   Reginald Pecock, Churchill Babington

Publisher:

   Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts

Place of Publication:

  London  

Publication Year:

  1860
Subjects:   Lollards, Great Britain--Church History--Medieval Period
Table of contents
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION ix
SUMMARY OF CONTENT lxxxvii
PECOCK'S REPRESSOR 1
EXCERPTS FROM BURY'S GLADIUS SALOMONIS 567
ABBREVIATIC REGINALDI PECOCK 615
EXTRACT FROM GASCOIGNE'S THEOLOGICAL DICTIONARY 621
GLOSSARY 625
INDEX 685
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books on: (Lollards) OR (Great Britain Church History Medieval Period)  - 20985 results

       More book Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
From Becket to Langton: English Church Government, 1170- 1213
Book by C. R. Cheney; Manchester University Press, 1956
Subjects: Catholic Church--England--History, Great Britain--Church history--Medieval period
...RS Rolls series Chronicles and memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages. H.M. Stationery...C. R. Cheney and W. H. Semple Nelsons Medieval Texts, 1953 . Wilkins David Wilkins...successor, Stephen Langton, in the cathedral church which was the scene of Beckets murder fifty...historians of the Church to look at the intervening period-- between 1170 and 1213--from one or other...Poole and Dr. Barlow examine briefly the church history of this period for its own sake, so to speak...shall mention some general features of church history which form the continuous background to the...Canterbury in May 1162 the formal structure of the medieval English Church was complete. That is to say, there was to be...cathedral sees, 1 such as marked the early Norman period. The bishoprics were fixed both in the southern...already established in the country, though a great many more houses of Cistercian monks and regular...
2.
The Repressor of over Much Blaming of the Clergy
Book by Reginald Pecock, Churchill Babington; Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860
Subjects: Great Britain--Church History--Medieval Period, Lollards
...lover of letters generally. So far indeed as secular history is concerned, the allusions to passing events either...controversy. Sundry allusions to the ritual of the Church of England in the fifteenth century, and also to that of an earlier period, and a few of the wealth, habits, and practices of...a period of "Egyptian darkness" p. 49 , He has a great deal more to the same effect. 3 Pecock account...to the laws and statutes provisors, 1 and to the "great contempt and derogation of his majestys "prerogative...to "be inflicted upon him." 2 Pecocks subsequent history has been thought, perhaps erroneously, to indicate...expositions of holy doctors and fathers of Christs Church, as well upon the ten commandments comprised in the...
3.
Neglected Heroes: Leadership and War in the Early Medieval Period
Book by Terry L. Gore; Praeger Publishers, 1995
Subjects: Military History, Medieval
...as they surged toward the enemy. 22 The great "stirrup controversy"--that is, did the Moslems...name only. Reminiscent of the situation in Britain when Roman rule had been withdrawn, the Frankish...such attributes to the leaders of the early Medieval period. With the defeat of the Moslem army before...allegation were true, Eudo would have gone down in history with a reputation as darkened as the British...themselves as they took towns, fortresses, and churches, plundering, burning, killing, and marching...of vast quantities of goods stolen from the churches, villages, and towns of southern France. Little...century Norse and Danish raiders acclimated to Britain and Ireland with little trouble, their military...mortal blow being struck until finally some great, legendary sword stroke would divest one or...bloody enough, made fascinating retelling around Medieval campfires for centuries to come. As it came...intermingled throughout the literature of the period were Christian as well as pagan motifs. There...
4.
The Cloister and the World: Essays in Medieval History in Honour of Barbara Harvey
Book by John Blair, Brian Golding, Barbara F Harvey; Clarendon Press, 1996
Subjects: England--Church History--1066-1485, Great Britain--History--Medieval Period, 1066-1485, Great Britain--History--Tudors, 1485-1603, Monasticism And Religious Orders--England--Middle Ages, 600-1500
...Great Britain--History--Medieval period, 1066-1485. 2. Monasticism...Middle Ages, 600-1500.3. Great Britain--History--Tudors, 1485-1603. 4. England--Church history--1066-1485. I...128a. Cf. G. Rosser, Medieval Westminster, 1200-1540...cottar presence around the church. Bampton, where the royal...the Iron Age and Roman periods, fell off sharply in the...into reliable recorded history, set fair to expand into a great kingdom from their upper...Alluvial Archaeology in Britain Oxbow Monograph 47...tenth centuries. 110 Great Wakering lies about a...be original. 112 The church stands on a tiny knob...A study of the early history of the diffusion and reception...centres in the Carolingian period no longer survive. 9...total number of extant medieval manuscript copies...Women and Literature in Britain c.1150-1500 , ed. C...
5.
The Letters of John of Salisbury: Volume Two, the Later Years (1163-1180)
Book by W. J. Millor, C. N. L. Brooke; Clarendon Press, 1979
Subjects: Great Britain--Church History--Medieval Period, 1066-1485--Sources, John--Of Salisbury, Bishop Of Chartres--D. 1180
...Oxford medieval texts 1. Great Britain -- Church history -- Medieval period, 1066-1485 -- Sources I...studies of the origin and early history of Alessandria are gathered...closely dated belong to this period. Apart from a few isolated...the patronal festival of the great pilgrimage church of St. Mary Magdalen, and...likely that this belongs to the period of the great rebellion of 1173. After...remained to settle the English church by filling the vacant sees...Mayr-Harting in Journal of Eccl. History , xvi 1965 , 39-53; GFL...
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journal articles on: (Lollards) OR (Great Britain Church History Medieval Period)  - 609 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
The Church: Ideology or Institution
Journal article by Robert M. Kingdon; Church History, Vol. 50, 1981
Subjects: Church History
...Bourse Francise: Deacons and Social Welfare in Calvins Geneva", (Ph.D. diss., Stanford University, 1980 ). The history of these two institutions taken together provides us with a detailed and graphic picture of how the earliest...are dozens of similar charitable institutions still waiting for similar investigation. I think particularly of medieval hospitals and Catholic confraternities of the Counter Reformation, but there are plenty of analogues from other periods and places and traditions. The close study of these institutions is surely one of the best ways to measure and...involved in formal diplomatic negotiations, Protestant diplomacy tended to be dominated by the secular agents of great princes, with clergymen serving only as consultants or as manipulators of public reactions to princely policies...institutions developed during the Renaissance and Reformation by the central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, and particularly by the significant growth and adaptation of those institutions to meet the Protestant threat...
2.
Book Notes
Journal article by Robert M. Healey, Donald N. Bowdle, Wesley M. Stevens, Charles B. Ashanin, Gerard H. Ettlinger, Keith J. Egan, Daniel Bornstein, Martha H. Fleming, Gunar Friebergs, Richard W. Pfaff, Bede K. Lackner, Donald Sullivan, John L. Farthing, Mark U. Edwards Jr., Richard A. Muller, Ann K. Warren, Howard E. Short, Richard M. Golden, Richard L. Harrison Jr., Charles H. Lippy, Ernest Tuveson, Baird Tipson, Elton J. Bruins, John M. Mulder, William Allen Poe, Earl Wm. Kennedy, F. Michael Perko, Alan J. Reinerman, Andrew E. Murray, William R. Farmer, Gordon Harland, Christa Ressmeyer Klein, Dennis N. Voskuil, Ronald B. Flowers, James W. Lewis, E. Theodore Bachmann, Peter W. Williams, N. Keith Clifford; Church History, Vol. 53, 1984
Subjects: Church History
...by Peach and Thomas, these letters cover the period in Prices life when he was formulating theories...insurance, and advancing programs to deal with Britains national debt. Students of the interaction of religion...in format and style to Eerdmans Handbook to the History of Christianity , this more particular effort treats...history; it is rather "an account of the organized church, and it also looks at popular movements as well...provide to bind Catholics together on and between the great Catholic plantations? Hanley is well qualified...questions the earnestness of the American Lutheran Churchs venture in mission and ministerial training in...BISKUPSKI . Polish Studies Program Monographs 1. New Britain, Connecticut: Central Connecticut State College...collection of essays on Polish-American religion, history, and culture contains some very useful contributions...notable counterpart to previous studies with a Great Lakes orientation. Another theme is introduced in...
3.
Beyond War and Peace: a Reappraisal of the Encounter Between Christianity and Science
Journal article by David C. Lindberg, Ronald L. Numbers; Church History, Vol. 55, 1986
Subjects: Church History
...events, see (in addition to the works by Petersen and Shea) Jerome J. Langford , Galileo, Science, and the Church (New York, 1966 ). 26 The struggle over heliocentrism was not the only battle during the period of the scientific revolution identified by White. For his discussion of the biomedical sciences, see A History of the Warfare , 1: 49-63. For contrasting views, see Ronald L. Numbers and Ronald C. Sawyer , "Medicine...Genesis and Geology: A Study in the Relations of Scientific Thought, Natural Theology, and Social Opinion in Great Britain , 1790-1850 (Cambridge, Mass., 1951 ); White, A History of the Warfare , 1: 234. See also Nicolas...
4.
Review Article: "American Religious Thought of the 18th and 19th Centuries"
Journal article by Mark A. Noll; Church History, Vol. 58, 1989
Subjects: Church History
...is a nice complement to Louise Stevensons recent study of the faculty at Yale College in roughly the same period ( Scholarly Means to Evangelical Ends Baltimore, 1986 ). Pope bridges geography and denominations to show...significance of Emmons, on the moral sense theories of William Hamilton, and on other developments in Europe, Britain, and America. Temperament, ones own religious position, even geographical prejudices certainly affect historical...twentieth century. His colleague, the Swiss immigrant Philip Schaff (1819-1893), is better known for the great projects of his later career. Yet their works from the 1840s, when together they manned a struggling seminary...down of Calvins theology of the Lords Supper. Schaff Principle of Protestantism (1845) and What is Church History ? (1846) sounded a jarring note among the intensely anti-Catholic Protestantism of the day, for they called...evangelicals to regard the finest features of their Christian faith as organic continuations of the ancient and medieval church. The Mercersburg books complement well the other nineteenth-century sources, which dealt with problems...
5.
War and Peace in the Puritan Tradition
Journal article by Timothy George; Church History, Vol. 53, 1984
Subjects: Church History
...Revolution , p. 270. Compare also E. O. Blake, "The Formation of the Crusade Idea," Journal of Ecclesiastical History 21 ( 1970 ):27-29. Thomas Aquinas held that members of religious orders could engage in sacred, purposeful violence on the authority of the prince or the church: "Religious aliquae instituuntur ad militandum, non quidem ut militent auctoritate propria, sed auctoritate...necessity dictates it!) and at all seasons of the year. Here we have the removal of the last vestige of the medieval Truce of God -- intended to limit the time for military operations -- in the interest of an overriding religious...triumphing in heaven over all sorts of enemies." 50 The Puritan rhetoric of holy war was developed during a period of great religious strife in Europe. Whenever the Puritans looked on the continentin France, the Netherlands, the...Speculum belh sacri to Prince Charles, calling him (one year before he assumed the throne) "the Hope of Great Britain," and referring to him as a latter-day Charlemagne in reverse: "Charles the great made Rome great, And may...
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magazine articles on: (Lollards) OR (Great Britain Church History Medieval Period)  - 150 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Britain 1200
Magazine article by Emma Mason; History Today, Vol. 50, May 2000
Subjects: Demography--History, United Kingdom--History, 1066-1485 (Medieval period)
...the most popular subjects for ambitious students who wanted to join the growing ranks of bureaucrats employed by church and state. News travelled along trade routes and was diffused in market places. Monastic chroniclers, the historians of the period, gathered news of political developments from distinguished visitors who broke their travels with overnight stops...in the `governed lands of the south and east. This took root following Anglian settlement in the south in early medieval times, and was fostered by immigration in the twelfth Century. Wales, which had been united for a short period...to the granting of Magna Carta in 1215. FOR FURTHER READING Janet Burton, Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain 1000-1300 (Cambridge University Press, 1994; reprinted 1997); M. T. Clanchy, From Memory to Written Record: England...Commerce and Crafts 1086-1348 (Addison Wesley Longman, 1995). Emma Mason is Honorary Research Fellow in Medieval History at Birkbeck College, London, and the author of Westminster Abbey and its People c.1050-c.1216 (Boydell, 1996).
2.
What Did Medieval Schools Do for Us? Nicholas Orme Returns to the Classroom to Find out How Boys, and Girls, Were Educated from the Anglo-Saxons to the Tudors; and Finds That the Foundations of Our Education System Were Laid during This Period
Magazine article by Nicholas Orme; History Today, Vol. 56, June 2006
Subjects: Anglo-Saxon literature--Educational aspects, British history, Education--History, Education--United Kingdom, Old English period, 428-1000--Educational aspects, Schools--History, Schools--United Kingdom, United Kingdom--Educational aspects
...dismissed as medieval without imagining what medieval schools might have been like. If anyone does...from what good modern schooling should be. The history of schools in England begins a long way back...you wished to learn to read or write in Roman Britain, you did so in that language. Little is known...they play in a sentence. So, in the post-Roman period, Irish, British, and eventually AngloSaxon teachers...monasteries of monks or nuns, or later on in minsters (churches staffed by more worldly clergy), it soon attracted...The Venerable Bede makes it clear that the great northern bishops of the seventh century like...This was the infrastructure that produced the great shift in English culture that Professor Michael...records and not only records, of course, but church service-books, private prayer books, letters...large and rich foundation, untypical of its period and for a long time matched only by Henry VIs...and to a specialized teacher. If we stop the history of education in 1500, when, roughly speaking...talk of the Middle Ages, the achievements of medieval school founders, schoolteachers and pupils turns...
3.
Christopher Dyer: Daniel Snowman Meets the Historian of Life and Living in Medieval Britain
Magazine article by Daniel Snowman; History Today, Vol. 52, May 2002
Subjects: Dyer, Christopher--Biography, Medievalists--Biography
...economic and social institutions you find in Domes-day Book and thereafter -- the towns, villages, fields, big church estates and the basic social structure -- all these can be traced back to their origins in the ninth and tenth...those you would expect: rapid urbanisation in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, social crisis around the period of the Black Death followed by economic growth. But, as in so much of Dyers writing, the spotlight falls not on the great events, places, institutions or magnates. Rather,. he concentrates on the experience of individual people...fully-fledged marketplaces was absolutely pivotal. This is what provided the engine that drove the transition from the medieval economy to the modern. For thirty years, Dyer has been steadily expanding his remit, first from Worcester to England and then from England to the whole of Britain; and in addition his writing is sprinkled with periodic references to the conclusions of his French and German...nineteenth-century India. But he cites recent research, derived from the newly-fashionable emphasis on cultural history, that has highlighted the differences -- between (for example) the family structure, gender relations and religious...
4.
At the Church Door: Roy Strong Tells York Membery Why the Humble English Parish Church Is a Perpetual Source of Fascination and Refreshment
Magazine article by York Membery; History Today, Vol. 57, October 2007
Subjects: A Little History of the English Country Church (Book)--Book reviews, Books--Book reviews
...catalogues the changing face of the parish church as well as taking a fascinating look at how momentous events in Britain and beyond--be it the Reformation, the Civil War or the Restoration--have affected the institution over the centuries. Some of the oldest churches in the land--such as the Church of St Mary and St David at Kilpeck, in the Welsh borders, near the authors...sixteenth centuries that were, in his opinion, the golden age of the parish church--and as many as half the 10,000 medieval churches still standing were wholly or partly rebuilt during these two and a half centuries. ILLUSTRATION...surprisingly given the fact that they could last up to three hours. Indeed, it was not until the Jacobean period that the sermon became a regular part of the service and most pulpits date from that time. The book also looks...OMITTED In some ways, he thinks the English country church is perhaps worthier of historical study than the great cathedrals which attract the tourist masses. The English country church is one of the great icons of the country...anything is an under-researched area of historical study, he says. When I was an undergraduate, religious history involved studying Acts of Parliament and that sort of thing--it was all top-down stuff. And while there have...
5.
Place & Past in Medieval England: Nicholas Orme Asks What Sense Medieval English People Had of the Land They Lived in, and What Ancient Sites and Natural Wonders Did They Visit
Magazine article by Nicholas Orme; History Today, Vol. 58, July 2008
Subjects: England--History, Historic sites--Appreciation, Middle Ages--History
...destination if they wanted to travel west. Its church was a popular place of pilgrimage from the twelfth...highest mountains in Scotland, Wales and England. Medieval people could only guess. Gerald of Wales, who...they climb high mountains and surmount the great hills: they travel over rocks. One can imagine...which he was aware was a work of more than one period. He also mentions other Roman antiquities. He...possessed an identity but had no widely-known history. That was supplied a few years later by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his History of the Kings of Britain, completed by 1139. According to Geoffrey, Aurelius, king of Britain in the fifth century, wished to build a monument...nobles graves. Geoffrey not only provided a history for Stonehenge: he gave it Christian rather...centuries, and Ralph de Diceto, a chronicler of the period who also collected wonders, put it high on his...features were one reason; prosperity was another. Medieval towns celebrated themselves with gates and walls...he appealed to Arthurian history. Battlefield churches celebrated past dynastic victories. Churches...
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newspaper articles on: (Lollards) OR (Great Britain Church History Medieval Period)  - 28 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-28 >>  
 
1.
Bring out Your Dead! Six Feet under the Site of a New Shopping Centre in Leicester, the Bodies of 1,300 Medieval Souls
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), January 26, 2006
...on the site of a new city centre shopping centre, they form part of one of the biggest finds of its type in Britain. Knowing the site was an ancient burial ground, archaeologists had waited patiently for the moment the diggers...soil of Leicester lay the regimented rows of a formal cemetery. In all, the remains of 1,300 people - from the great and good to the poor and humble - lie side by side in the dirt. Some were buried in coffins, others in shrouds. A two-year study will now be carried out on the find, offering all sorts of clues to what life was like in medieval times. The skeletons can be dated to a 400-year period between the 12th century, when Leicester was growing in significance as a religious centre, to the 16th century...The archaeologists have been able to date the site so precisely because it mirrors the timespan of St Peters Church, which the graveyard belonged to. The church was demolished in 1573 and the cemetery lay buried under a succession...the town was stricken by the plague. St Peters Church, its graveyard and its 1,300 souls were already part of history. The skeletons will be reburied at another cemetery in the city. b.mouland@dailymail.co.uk
2.
Born Again!; How City's Historic Church in Heart of Bull Ring Is about to Be Given a Facelift
Newspaper article by Poppy Brady; Birmingham Evening Mail (England), March 8, 2000
...We will also have the high-powered software to act as a referral centre. This is all in keeping with the great tradition of St Martins, which has a history of initiating projects with a sharp social edge, way ahead of its time. These have often moved on to become independent charities, such as St Basils, the largest regional homelessness charity in Britain, Fireside, the biggest drop-in day centre in the West Midlands, and the St Martins Youth and Community Centre...development in Digbeth. Shuts down All these new projects will carry on in the hall complex while the actual church building shuts down for five months from the middle of June until November. We like to tell people that the...of how it will look after the transformation. BOMBED: The scene of devastation after the blitz in 1941. Medieval origins of St Martins MOST of what we see of St Martins today was built by the Victorians, but a church...the city. The building of the Inner Ring Road isolated the Bull Ring still further and marked the start of a period of decline for the area. With so much past to call upon, it seems only right that St Martins should play...
3.
100 REASONS; ECHO 800 BIRTHDAY to Mark Liverpool's 800th Birthday Next Week Local Historian and Author KEN PYE Begins His Countdown of 100 Reasons Why This Is Britain's Best City. Tonight: 100-50 Why Liverpool Is So Great
Newspaper article; Liverpool Echo (Liverpool, England), August 22, 2007
...this was the first Roman Catholic church to be built in Britain, afterthe Reformation in the 16th century. Following...Catholics, in the Rose and Crown pub in Cheapside, the church was eventually erected in 1848. 64 The Great Shipping Lines Without doubt, a main source of our greatness...by candle-light, between 1806 and 1840. This was the period during which The Mole of Edge Hill paid local men, and...do we have many extraordinarily beautiful Christian churches, but also many other attractive places of worship. In fact, we have one of the most outstanding synagogues in Britain - on Princes Road; the Hatherley Street Mosgue, in Liverpool...Dock, on the Leeds Liverpool canal, which joins this great industrial city to suppliers and markets across the...
4.
Great Days Out
Newspaper article; The People (London, England), July 26, 1998
...famous documents - the Magna Carta. Alongside the medieval features are many 19th Century exhibits including...birds from throughout the world fly freely at one of Britains largest walk-through tropical houses. Falcons, hawks...children pounds 2.90; Family ticket pounds 13. 13. GREAT YARMOUTH MARITIME MUSEUM 01493 842267 The museum...would be complete without exploring the Fab Fours history. This magical mystery tour includes mementoes of...371 years, since the King of Northumbria built a church here in AD627. Parts of the Norman cathedrals survive...the aid of a guards van and booking office of the period. Theres also a childrens play area. Free admission...01475 689777 Vikingar tells what we know of the history of the Vikings in an award- winning multi-media...Romans main strongholds during their occupancy of Britain and the site dates from AD210. Relics that survive...exhibition which includes the 1,300- year-old St Pauls church. Anglo-Saxon farming methods are recreated, complete...
5.
100 GREAT THINGS ABOUT THE WEST MIDLANDS; Sponsored by the Heart of England
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), September 29, 2008
Subjects: Department stores--Achievements and awards, Selfridges Retail Ltd.--Achievements and awards
...League in 1888, and have spent much of their 130-year history in the top flight of English football. The origins of...and avoided relegation from the Premier League - their Great Escape the first time a top flight club had achieved the...Severn in Worcester. Its official name is The Cathedral Church of Christ and the Blessed Virgin Mary. The Cathedral was...Bosel as its head. The first cathedral was built in this period but nothing now remains of it. The existing crypt of the...it in concentrate form to be bottled abroad. It tastes great on pretty much anything. 100 Benjamin Zephaniah Dr Benjamin...street politics. His first real public performance was in church when he was 10 years old. By the time he was 15 he had...
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encyclopedia articles on: (Lollards) OR (Great Britain Church History Medieval Period)  - 25 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-25 >>  
 
1.
Great Britain
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...military aid was refused, and Roman officials subsequently were withdrawn. As Rome withdrew its legions from Britain, Germanic peoples the Anglo-Saxons and the Jutes began raids that turned into great waves of invasion and settlement in the later 5th cent. The Celts fell back into Wales and Cornwall and across...cent., and with increasing severity until the middle of the 9th cent., raiding Vikings (known in English history as Danes) harassed coastal England and finally, in 865, launched a full-scale invasion. They were first effectively...The conquest of England in 1066 by William, duke of Normandy ( William I of England), ended the Anglo-Saxon period. The freeman (ceorl) of the early Germanic invaders had been responsible to the king and superior to the serf...in the 8th cent. and strongly revived in the 10th, developed great proficiency in manuscript illumination. Church scholars, such as Bede, Alcuin, and Aelfric as well as King Alfred himself preserved and advanced learning. Medieval England A new era in English history began with the Norman Conquest . William I introduced Norman-style...
2.
Roman Catholic Church
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...life (see Cluniac order ). This pattern of decline of religion followed by reform is characteristic of the history of the Roman Catholic Church; the reform goals have varied, but they have included the revival of spiritual life in society and the monasteries...church and the "Catholic princes" (see church and state ; investiture ). The 12th cent. was a time of great intellectual beginnings. St. Bernard of Clairvaux and the Cistercians revived practical mystical prayer. Gratian founded the systematic study of the canon law , and medieval civil law began its development. This double study was to provide weapons to both sides in the duel between...for isolated voices, such as that of St. Catherine of Siena , the church seemed to lose energy, and a long period devoid of reform began. A long-enduring schism and a series of ambitious councils (see Schism, Great ) involved...described in the Bible), and they succeeded in weakening the hold of the church in all of N Europe, in Great Britain, and in parts of Central Europe and Switzerland. Politics and religion were completely intertwined (as in England...
3.
France
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...resolution that explicitly authorized the use of force, which led to acrimonious relations with the United States and Great Britain. Frances strong stand, which was also supported by Germany, also led to divisions in the European Union and NATO...Lavisse and by G. Hanotaux are outstanding. A monumental multivolume work is F. Funck-Brentano, ed., National History of France (tr., 10 vol., 1916 36). The many authors of classic historical works on France include, for the medieval period, M. L. Bloch , C. V. Langlois, F. Lot, A. Luchaire , and Fustel de Coulanges ; for the 17th cent., Voltaire...
4.
Norway
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...nine bishops and other clergy of the Lutheran Church. Economy Almost three quarters of Norways...and textiles are important to the economy. The great Norwegian merchant fleet carries a large part...foodstuffs. The chief trading partners are Great Britain, Germany, Sweden, and France. Government...is divided into 19 counties (Nor. fylker ). History Medieval Norway The history of Norway before the age...while invading England (1066), Norway entered a period of decline and civil war, precipitated by conflicting...under him and under Magnus VI (reigned 1263 80) medieval Norway reached its greatest flowering and enjoyed...northern office at Bergen. Norways political history became essentially that of Denmark . Christian...scale emigration to the United States and the great arctic and antarctic explorations by such notable...Amundsen . Three outstanding cultural figures of the period were Edvard Grieg , Henrik Ibsen , and Edvard...
5.
London , City, England
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Londoners who follow cricket, soccer (at Wimbley Stadium), and tennis (including the Wimbledon championship). History Little is known of London prior to a.d. 61, when, according to the Roman historian Tacitus, the followers...of the Tower of London , was built just east of the city wall. Under the Normans and Plantagenets (see Great Britain ), the city grew commercially and politically and during the reign of Richard I (1189 99) obtained a form...survive today in 80 livery companies , of which members were once the voters in Londons municipal elections. Medieval London saw the foundation of the Inns of Court and the construction of Westminster Abbey . By the 14th...destroyed the city. Sir Christopher Wren played a large role in rebuilding the city. He designed more than 51 churches, notably the rebuilt St. Pauls Cathedral . Other notable churches include the gothic Southwark Cathedral...bridges have been constructed; the Tower Bridge was completed in 1894. In the 19th cent., London began a period of extraordinary growth. The area of present-day Greater London had about 1.1 million people in 1801; by 1851...
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