ADAPTIVE RADIATION

in biology, the evolution of an ancestral species, which was adapted to a particular way of life, into many diverse species, each adapted to a different habitat. Adaptive radiation has occurred in the evolution of many groups of organisms, and is clearly illustrated by Hawaiian honey-creepers. Another example is shown in Darwin's finches, 14 species of small land birds of the Galápagos Islands. All the finches derive from a single species of ground-dwelling, seed-eating finch that probably emigrated from the South American mainland. Because the environmental niches, or habitats, were unoccupied on the isolated islands, the ancestral stock was able to differentiate into diverse species; 3 species are ground-dwelling seedeaters, 3 live on cactus plants and are seedeaters, 1 is a tree-dwelling seedeater, and 7 are tree-dwelling insecteaters. See also competition.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Adaptive Radiation
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books on: Adaptive Radiation  - 2641 results

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1.
Biological Effects of Radiation: Mechanism and Measurement of Radiation, Applications in Biology, Photochemical Reactions, Effects of Radiant Energy on Organisms and Organic Products - Vol. 2
Book by Benjamin M. Duggar; McGraw-Hill, 1936
Subjects: Biology, Radiation
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION VOLUME II COLLABORATING EDITORS JANET...State College, State College BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION Mechanism and Measurement of Radiation, Applications in Biology, Photochemical Reactions...
2.
The Ecology of the Cambrian Radiation
Book by Andrey Yu. Zhuravlev, Robert Riding; Columbia University Press, 2001
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic--Cambrian, Paleoecology--Cambrian, Paleontology--Cambrian
...planktonic, level-bottom, reef, hardground, and deep-water communities. RADIATION The theme of radiation examines deployment of adaptive abilities by dominant Cambrian groups: brachiopods, cnidarians, coeloscleritophorans, cyanobacteria...
3.
The Comparative Development of Adaptive Skills: Evolutionary Implications
Book by Eugene S. Gollin; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1985
Subjects: Adaptability (Psychology), Adaptation (Biology), Developmental Psychology, Nature And Nurture, Psychology, Comparative
THE COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF ADAPTIVE SKILLS: Evolutionary Implications...title: The Comparative development of adaptive skills. Includes bibliographies and...book is to examine the development of adaptive skills in a comparative context. Comparative...
4.
Models of Action: Mechanisms for Adaptive Behavior
Book by Clive D. L. Wynne, John E. R. Staddon; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1998
Subjects: Adaptability (Psychology), Adjustment (Psychology)
Models of Action: Mechanisms for Adaptive Behavior Models of Action: Mechanisms for Adaptive Behavior Edited by Clive D. L. Wynne...Data Models of action : mechanisms for adaptive behavior / edited by Clive D. L. Wynne and...
5.
Virtual and Adaptive Environments: Applications, Implications, and Human Performance Issues
Book by Lawrence J. Hettinger, Michael Haas; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003
Subjects: Human-Computer Interaction, Virtual Computer Systems
VIRTUAL AND ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTS Applications, Implications...Human Performance Issues VIRTUAL AND ADAPTIVE ENVIRONMENTS Applications, Implications...Cataloging-in-Publication Data Virtual and adaptive environments : applications, implications...
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journal articles on: Adaptive Radiation  - 138 results

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1.
The Risk Linked to Ionizing Radiation: An Alternative Epidemiologic Approach
Journal article by Christophe De Brouwer, Raphael Lagasse; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 109, 2001
...Hypersensitivity to very low single radiation doses: its relationship to the adaptive response and induced radioresistance...1986). (15.) Wolff S. The adaptive response in radiobiology...to low doses of ionizing radiation become refractory to high...
2.
Octylphenol and UV-B Radiation Alter Larval Development and Hypothalamic Gene Expression in the Leopard Frog (Rana Pipiens)
Journal article by Douglas Crump, David Lean, Vance L. Trudeau; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 110, 2002
...tadpoles and larvae to enhanced UV-B radiation in natural pond conditions. Can J Zoo...corticotropin-releasing hormone is a proximate mediator of adaptive phenotypic plasticity in amphibian metamorphosis...48.) Crump D. The effects of UV-B radiation and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs...
3.
The Beaks of Finches & the Tool Analogy: Use with Care
Journal article by Catherine Milne; The American Biology Teacher, Vol. 70, 2008
Subjects: Analogy--Educational aspects, Beak--Properties, Beak--Study and teaching, Darwin's finches--Physiological aspects, Darwin's finches--Study and teaching
...Additionally, wheels are commonly used to illustrate adaptive radiation. Analogies are also known by scientists to be partial...296, 707-711. Grant, P. R. Grant, B. R. 2002b. Adaptive radiation of Darwins finches. American Scientist, 90, 130-140...
4.
Reconstructing the Character States of Ancestors: A Likelihood Perspective on Cladistic Parsimony
Journal article by Elliott Sober; The Monist, Vol. 85, 2002
Subjects: Cladistic analysis--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Evolution (Biology)--Models, Evolution--Models
...Chapman and Hall. Schluter, D., Price, T., Mooers, A., and Ludwig, D. (1997): "Likelihood of Ancestor States in Adaptive Radiation." Evolution 51: 1699-1711. Schultz, T. and Churchill, G. (1999): "The Role of Subjectivity in Reconstructing...
5.
Evolutionary Theory and the Emergence of Moral Nature
Journal article by William Hurlbut, Paul Kalanithi; Journal of Psychology and Theology, Vol. 29, 2001
Subjects: Ethics--Genetic aspects, Psychology and religion--Research, Religion and science--Research, Religious psychology--Research
...diversity. (6) This allows an adaptive radiation of new forms in response to circumstances...course of evolution, progressed to adaptive indeterminacy and integrated...extended by the extraordinary adaptive benefit of the creative imagination...
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magazine articles on: Adaptive Radiation  - 20 results

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1.
OF KILLER CATERPILLARS and VAMPIRE BUGS - Hawaii's Weird and Wacky Insects Evolved in Splendid Isolation. but Now There's Trouble in Paradise
Magazine article by Cynthia Berger; National Wildlife, August 2002
Subjects: Hawaii--Natural history, Insects--Hawaii
...process that scientists call adaptive radiation. Insect populations radiated...insects also have experienced adaptive radiation in Hawaii. The colorful and...Hawaiian damselfly. As for adaptive radiation, the 24 species of damselflies...
2.
Searching for Hope in the Family Tree
Magazine article by Susan Champlin Taylor; National Wildlife, Vol. 36, April 1998
Subjects: Birds, Protection of--Hawaii, Birds--Diseases, Hawaii--Plants and animals
...noted for displaying the most daz- zling array of adaptive radiation of any group of birds in the world. From one ancestor...Honeycreepers display the most dazzling array of adaptive radiation of any group of birds in the world. From one finch...
3.
The Challenge of Exoevolution
Magazine article by H. James Birx; Free Inquiry, Vol. 15, Winter 1994
Subjects: Evolution--Analysis
...elsewhere would have evolved to meet the challenges of their dynamic habitats. We can only speculate on what directions adaptive radiation and organic evolution have taken on other worlds. If life-forms are found elsewhere, then scientists and philosophers...
4.
Margaret Mead vs. Tony Soprano : Feminist Anthropology Fights for Public Voice in a New Era
Magazine article by Micaela Di Leonardo; The Nation, Vol. 272, May 21, 2001
Subjects: Anthropology, Feminism--Research, Mead, Margaret--Criticism and interpretation, Women anthropologists--Criticism and interpretation
...of the Barnard conference senior panelists, for example, are engaged in Americanist research. But in the grand adaptive radiation of disciplinary institutionalization as American universities grew over the twentieth century, anthropology was...
5.
Remarkable Rats: "... Most [of These Filipino Rodents] Look Nothing like Anyone's Typical Image of a Rat. They Range from Large, Furry, Long-Tailed Leaf-Eaters to Tiny, Mouse-Like Creatures That Feed on Soft-Bodied Soil Invertebrates."
Magazine article by Lawrence R. Heaney; USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), Vol. 133, January 2005
Subjects: Endemic species--Research, Island animals--Research, Island fauna--Research, Rats--Genetic aspects, Rats--Varieties, Rattus--Genetic aspects, Rattus--Varieties
...in response to the available (and often unusual) resources. A classic example to illustrate this process, called adaptive radiation, has emerged from our studies of the weird and wonderful rodents of the Philippines. Scientists classify species...
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newspaper articles on: Adaptive Radiation  - 1 result

 
 
1.
Jammers: Trump Card for Saddam
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, March 31, 2003
...forces have a lethal jammer killer known as the High-Speed Anti-Radiation Missile (HARM). HARM hones in on a signal output and destroys...upgrades now bolster GPS reception. State-of-the-art systems use adaptive nulling: the ability to point one of several antennas in an...


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encyclopedia articles on: Adaptive Radiation  - 6 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-6 >>  
 
1.
Adaptive Radiation
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
ADAPTIVE RADIATION in biology, the evolution of an ancestral species, which was...into many diverse species, each adapted to a different habitat. Adaptive radiation has occurred in the evolution of many groups of organisms, and is...
2.
Waxbill
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...and one Australian species ( Estrilda temporalis ), which may not properly belong in this group. Considerable adaptive radiation may be seen in the African species, which include a number of small seedeaters such as the lavender finch ( E...
3.
Darwin's Finches
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...evidence considered by Charles Darwin in formulating the theory of evolution ; they are a striking example of adaptive radiation . Geographically isolated and without competition from similar species, these finches developed distinctive anatomy...
4.
Marsupial
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...mammals, and the marsupials were able to continue their evolution there without competition. They underwent an adaptive radiation in Australia comparable to that of placental mammals in the rest of the world, evolving many forms that superficially...
5.
Chordata
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...to all regions of the world. The earliest placental mammals were small animals of the insectivore type, but adaptive radiation has resulted in great diversity of forms and ways of life. Some mammals are predators; others are herbivores with...
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