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ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

(ATP)ədĕnˈəsēn trīˌfŏsˈfāt, organic compound composed of adenine, the sugar ribose, and three phosphate groups. ATP serves as the major energy source within the cell to drive a number of biological processes such as photosynthesis, muscle contraction, and the synthesis of proteins. It is broken down by hydrolysis to yield adenosine diphosphate (ADP), inorganic phosphorus, and energy. ADP can be further broken down to yield adenosine monophosphate (AMP), additional phosphorus, and more energy. When the phosphorus and energy are immediately used to drive other reactions, such as the synthesis of uridine diphosphate (UDP), an RNA precursor, from uridine monophosphate (UMP), the pair of reactions are said to be coupled. New ATP is produced from AMP using the energy released from the breakdown of fuel molecules, such as fats and sugars.

Extracellularly, ATP has been found to act as a neurotransmitter. ATP receptors are widespread through the body. On its own it is known to have effects in the arteries, intestines, lungs, and bladder. It is also often released in tandem with other neurotransmitters, perhaps to add chemical stability. See phosphorylation.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Adenosine Triphosphate

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books on: Adenosine Triphosphate - 221 results

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The Structure and Function of Muscle
Book by G. H. Bourne; Academic Press, 1960
Subjects:	Muscles
...fatigue and, 455 -456 Hydrolysis, acetylcholinesterase and, 235 -236 adenosine triphosphate and, 115 heat, adenosine triphosphate and, 62 mechanism, adenosine triphosphate and, 12 -15 rate, adenosine triphosphate and, 87 5-Hydroxytryptamine...

The Way of the Cell: Molecules, Organisms, and the Order of Life
Book by Franklin M. Harold; Oxford University Press, 2003
Subjects:	Cytology--Popular Works, Life (Biology)--Popular Works
...of an organism that makes it better suited to its environment. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) See adenosine triphosphate. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) A nucleotide that is of fundamental importance as a carrier of energy in all organisms...

Origins of Life on the Earth and in the Cosmos
Book by Geoffrey Zubay; Academic Press, 2000
Subjects:	Life--Origin
...5-phosphorimidazolide (5-ImpA), 261 Adenosine triphosphate, 224, 254 in glycolytic pathway, 194 pathways...from fatty acid oxidation, 333, 335 -336 Adenosine triphosphate-adenosine diphosphate system, 115-116, 434f ATP...

Coffee, Tea, Chocolate, and the Brain
Book by Astrid Nehlig; Routledge, 2004
Subjects:	Brain--Effect Of Drugs On, Caffeine--Physiological Effect, Chocolate--Physiological Effect, Coffee--Physiological Effect, Neurochemistry, Tea--Physiological Effect
...Fredholm et al., 1999). Adenosine is produced by all tissues as a function of the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate during cellular metabolism and...all cells have receptors for adenosine. The widespread effects of adenosine...

The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry, and Applications - Vol. 1
Book by Gregory Pincus, Kenneth V. Thimann; Academic Press, 1948
Subjects:	Hormones, Plant Hormones
...of phos phocreatine and adenosine triphosphate in resting muscle during...increase in the radioactive adenosine triphosphate and a decrease in the residual...degree of increase in liver adenosine triphosphate which follows the injection...

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journal articles on: Adenosine Triphosphate - 89 results

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Rapid Detection of Enterococci in Marine Beach Water by Immunomagnetic Capture and Bioluminescence and Its Comparison with Conventional Methods
Journal article by Jiyoung Lee, Rolf A. Deininger; Journal of Environmental Health, Vol. 72, 2010
Subjects:	ATP--Health aspects, ATP--Methods, Adenosine triphosphate--Health aspects, Adenosine triphosphate--Methods, Biotin--Health aspects, Biotin--Methods, Decision making--Health aspects, Decision making--Methods, Decision-making--Health aspects, Decision-making--Methods, Environmental health--Health aspects, Environmental health--Methods, Luciferase--Health aspects, Luciferase--Methods, Muscle proteins--Health aspects, Muscle proteins--Methods, Polysaccharides--Health aspects, Polysaccharides--Methods, United States. Environmental Protection Agency, Water--Health aspects, Water--Methods
...The estimation of the bacterial numbers with the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method is known to be...as sensitive as the immunomagnetic separation/adenosine triphosphate (IMS-ArP) method. b. they are not as accurate...

Rapid Determination of Bacteria in Pools
Journal article by Jiyoung Lee, Rolf A. Deininger, Richard M. Fleece; Journal of Environmental Health, Vol. 64, 2001
Subjects:	ATP--Analysis, Adenosine triphosphate--Analysis, Bacteria--Measurement, Bioluminescence--Analysis, Swimming pools--Health aspects, Whirlpools--Health aspects
...was to determine if a rapid adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence method...analysis would be desirable. The adenosine triphospate (ATP) bioluminescence...assay is the quantification of adenosine triphosphate, which is an energy-rich...

The Molecular Basis for Relative Physiological Functionality of the Adp/atp Carrier Isoforms in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Journal article by Christopher P. Smith, Peter E. Thorsness; Genetics, Vol. 179, 2008
Subjects:	Adenosine Triphosphate, Cells, Codon, DNA, Mitochondrial, Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases, Mitochondrial DNA, PET9 protein, S cerevisiae, Phosphates, Protein Isoforms, Proteins, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins

Metabolic Disruption in Drosophila Bang-sensitive Seizure Mutants
Journal article by Tim Fergestad, Bret Bostwick, Barry Ganetzky; Genetics, Vol. 173, 2006
Subjects:	Adenosine Triphosphate, Behavior, Chromosomes, Citrate (Si)-Synthase, Convulsions & seizures, Insects, Metabolism, Mutation, Samples

Intragenic Suppression of Gal3^sup C^ Interaction with Gal80 in the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Gal Gene Switch
Journal article by Cuong Q. Diep, Gang Peng, Maria Bewley, Vepkhia Pilauri; Genetics, Vol. 172, 2006
Subjects:	Adenosine Triphosphate, Amino acids, Enzymes, GAL80 protein, S cerevisiae, Gal3 protein, S cerevisiae, Galactose, Genetics, Mutation, Proteins, Repressor Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Transcription Factors, Yeast, alpha-Galactosidase

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magazine articles on: Adenosine Triphosphate - 49 results

More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-49 >>

Harnessing the Energy
Magazine article; World and I, Vol. 16, October 2001
Subjects:	ATP--Research, Adenosine triphosphate--Research, Kinesin--Research
...by the cells universal energy currency, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), into linear movement along the cells microtubule...ATP but rather with its cousin, GTP (guanosine triphosphate). As with the energy released during the ATP...

Chemical Conversation: Red Blood Cells Send a Signal That Makes Platelets Less Sticky
Magazine article by S. Webb; Science News, Vol. 172, July 21, 2007
Subjects:	ATP--Research, Adenosine triphosphate--Research, Blood platelets--Research, Erythrocytes--Research, Red blood cells--Research
...through the curves and narrows of the bodys circulatory system. As they flex, the cells release small amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an energy-storing molecule, into the bloodstream. Earlier research had established that ATP can...

Dietary Supplements and Patient Counseling
Magazine article by Trudy E. Schneider, Diane Nykamp; Drug Topics, Vol. 155, April 2011
Subjects:	Descriptive labeling, Dietary supplements, FDA approval, Patient education, United States
...generate energy from reactions involving adenosine triphosphate (AIP), phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and creatine...produced through a reaction with adenosine triphosphate. SAMe is not an herb but is commercially...

The Skinny on Fat
Magazine article by Patrick Johnson; Skeptic, Vol. 10, 2003
Subjects:	Atkins, Robert C, Carbohydrates, Diet, Metabolism, Nutrition, Oils & fats
...transport chain (ETC), is the bodys primary means of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. ATP is the principal molecule...reactions that are ultimately responsible for converting adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into ATP at the expense of 0...

Choosing Treatment Options for Patients with Asthma
Magazine article by Charmaine D. Rochester, Sara L. Noble; Drug Topics, Vol. 141, November 17, 1997
Subjects:	Asthma, Drug therapy, Guidelines, United States
...calcium, prostaglandin antagonism, and adenosine receptor antagonism. In vitro, it has...enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate ATP to cyclic-3-5-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Increased...

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newspaper articles on: Adenosine Triphosphate - 18 results

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Sport in Brief
Newspaper article; Sunday Mercury (Birmingham, England), May 6, 2007
Subjects:	ATP, Adenosine triphosphate, Amino acids, Antinuclear antibodies

The Clues Left in an Eyelash; ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), May 28, 2011
Subjects:	Mitochondrial DNA
...organelles called mitochondria, structures within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as the cells source of chemical energy. In contrast to nuclear DNA -- the double-helix...

The Team Working in the Present to Make Our Future a Healthier One; Health Wales Is Highlighting the Work of Welsh Crucible Researchers - the Cream of Welsh Research Talent. Dr Bill Wilkinson Explains His Interest in How the Pancreas Works
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), October 3, 2011
Subjects:	Cardiff University, Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Pharmaceutical industry
...Together, we are investigating which members of the purine family of receptors, which bind a chemical called adenosine triphosphate (ATP), are involved in the secretion of digestive enzymes by the pancreas and how these receptors change in...

Can a 60p Pill from the Chemist Really Add Years to Your Life?
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), March 11, 2008
Subjects:	Anticholesteremic agents
...producesnaturally in the liver and is used to turn the glucose from the food we eatinto an energy-rich compound called Adenosine Triphosphate. This is essential for fuelling the bodys vital processes, such as breathing,muscle contraction and digestion...

The Best of Enemies; ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), June 12, 2009
...the animal is killed, the muscle tries to maintain normal activity. To do so, it needs energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate, which it obtains through the breakdown of glycogen through post-mortem glycolysis. A by-product of this...

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encyclopedia articles on: Adenosine Triphosphate - 30 results

More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 >>

Adenosine Triphosphate
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) den sen tri fos fat, organic...broken down by hydrolysis to yield adenosine diphosphate (ADP), inorganic phosphorus...can be further broken down to yield adenosine monophosphate (AMP), additional...

Adenosine Diphosphate
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE see adenine ; adenosine triphosphate . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.

Adenosine Monophosphate
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE (AMP) den sen mon fos fat, organic compound composed...phosphate unit. AMP is one of the possible products of the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and is therefore important in the transfer of chemical energy...

Adenine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...bonded with from one to three phosphoric acid units, yielding the three nucleotides adenosine monophosphate , adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine triphosphate . These adenine derivatives perform important functions in cellular metabolism. Adenine...

Cytosine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...cytidine diphosphate), and CTP (cytidine triphosphate). Analogous nucleosides and nucleotides...donate one of its phosphate groups to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to form adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an extremely important intermediate...

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