ASSOCIATIVE LAW

in mathematics, law holding that for a given operation combining three quantities, two at a time, the initial pairing is arbitrary; e.g., using the operation of addition, the numbers 2, 3, and 4 may be combined (2+3)+4=5+4=9 or 2+(3+4)=2+7=9. More generally, in addition, for any three numbers a, b, and c the associative law is expressed as (a+b)+c=a+(b+c). Multiplication of numbers is also associative, i.e., (a×b)×c=a×(b×c). In general, any binary operation, symbolized by ∘, joining mathematical entities A, B, and C obeys the associative law if (A∘B)∘C=A∘(B∘C) for all possible choices of A, B, and C. Not all operations are associative. For example, ordinary division is not, since (60÷12)÷3=5÷3=5/3, while 60÷(12÷3)=60÷4=15. When an operation is associative, the parentheses indicating which quantities are first to be combined may be omitted, e.g., (2+3)+4=2+(3+4)=2+3+4.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Associative Law
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books on: Associative Law  - 6753 results

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1.
Parallel Models of Associative Memory
Book by Geoffrey E. Hinton, James A. Anderson; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1989
Subjects: Associative Storage, Brain--Mathematical Models, Memory--Mathematical Models, Neural Computers, Parallel Processing (Electronic Computers)
PARALLEL MODELS OF ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY Updated Edition The Cognitive...Anderson: Parallel Models of Associative Memory , Updated Edition...Cognitive Science PARALLEL MODELS OF ASSOCIATIVE MEMORY Updated Edition Edited...
2.
Between Equal Rights: A Marxist Theory of International Law
Book by China Miéville; Brill, 2005
Subjects: International Law And Socialism
...Rights A Marxist Theory of International Law by China Mieville BRILL LEIDEN...rights: a Marxist theory of international law / by C. Mieville p. cm. (Historical materialism...hardback: alk. paper) 1. International law and socialism I. Title II. Series. KZ3410...
3.
Law and Interpretation: Essays in Legal Philosophy
Book by Andrei Marmor; Clarendon Press, 1997
Subjects: Law--Interpretation And Construction, Law--Philosophy
LAW AND INTERPRETATION LAW AND INTERPRETATION Essays in Legal Philosophy EDITED BY ANDREI...Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Law and Interpretation: essays in legal philosophy / edited by Andrei...
4.
Law, Decision-Making, and Microcomputers: Cross-National Perspectives
Book by Stuart S. Nagel; Quorum Books, 1991
Subjects: Information Storage And Retrieval Systems--Law, Microcomputers, Practice Of Law
Law, Decision-Making, and Microcomputers LAW, DECISION-MAKING, AND MICROCOMPUTERS Cross-National...London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Law, decision-making, and microcomputers: cross-national perspectives...
5.
Literary Criticisms of Law
Book by Guyora Binder, Robert Weisberg; Princeton University Press, 2000
Subjects: Culture And Law, Law And Literature, Law--Interpretation And Construction, Literature--History And Criticism
Literary Criticisms of Law Literary Criticisms of Law GUYORA BINDER AND ROBERT WEISBERG PRINCETON UNIVERSITY...Cataloging-in-Publication Data Binder, Guyora. Literary criticisms of law / Guyora Binder and Robert Weisberg. p. cm. Includes bibliographical...
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journal articles on: Associative Law  - 438 results

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1.
Evidence, Procedure, and the Upside of Cognitive Error
Journal article by Chris William Sanchirico; Stanford Law Review, Vol. 57, 2004
Subjects: Cognition--Analysis, Evidence (Law)--Laws, regulations and rules, Procedure (Law)--Laws, regulations and rules
...notwithstanding, evidence law has long been suspicious of...discernible to the tester; and an associative mechanism by which different...thermochemistry provide the associative mechanism linking atomic structure...simultaneously identify the associative mechanism. Their association...
2.
Cosmopolitan Law?
Journal article by Noah Feldman; Yale Law Journal, Vol. 116, 2007
Subjects: Cosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of Strangers (Book)--Evaluation, Frontiers of Justice: Disability, Nationality, Species Membership (Book)--Evaluation, International law--Interpretation and construction, The Ethics of Identity (Book)--Evaluation
...of his influential theory of law, Dworkin argues that "associative or communal obligations" provide...According to this view, the fact of associative membership is necessary to...call apolitical conception of law any theory that makes either...
3.
Corporations and Human Rights: A Theory of Legal Responsibility
Journal article by Steven R. Ratner; Yale Law Journal, Vol. 111, 2001
Subjects: Corporation law--International aspects, Human rights--Laws, regulations, etc., International offenses--Laws, regulations, etc., Jurisdiction (International law)--Laws, regulations, etc., Non-governmental organizations--Management
...humans, central in human rights theory and law, is consistent with the notion that, under...duties to those with whom they have special associative ties than to others beyond that sphere...example, the ICCPRs requirement that the law prohibit any discrimination based on...
4.
Categorical Community
Journal article by Daniel R. Ortiz; Stanford Law Review, Vol. 51, 1999
Subjects: Community--Philosophy, Individualism--Philosophy, Law--Philosophy
...can claim the authority of a genuine associative community and can therefore claim moral...practice as carrying such obligations: associative communities must be bare communities...established by social practice counts as associative: a bare community must meet the four...
5.
What the Right of Publicity Can Learn from Trademark Law
Journal article by Stacey L. Dogan, Mark A. Lemley; Stanford Law Review, Vol. 58, 2006
Subjects: Celebrities--Laws, regulations and rules, Lanham Act, Privacy, Right of--Laws, regulations and rules, Property rights--Laws, regulations and rules, Publicity (Law)--Laws, regulations and rules, Right of privacy--Laws, regulations and rules, Right of property--Laws, regulations and rules, Right of publicity--Laws, regulations and rules, Trademark infringement--Laws, regulations and rules
...meaning of Californias right of publicity law). See generally 1 McCARTHY, supra note...protects against appropriation of the associative value of ones persona--the enhanced value...It is for this reason that copyright law generally treats parodies as fair use...
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magazine articles on: Associative Law  - 34 results

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1.
The Stargazer
Magazine article by Mark Barna; World and I, Vol. 17, March 2002
Subjects: Awareness--Analysis, Mental representation--Analysis, Perception (Psychology)--Analysis, Perception--Analysis
...Husserl, "is subject to the law of modification. The now changes...Along with the cessation of associative thought, I also felt deeply...sufficiently concentrated, associative thought comes to a stop, and...senses. Whether in thrall to associative thought or the eyes gaze...
2.
The Right to Unionize: A Basic Catholic Principle
Magazine article by Eduardo Moises Penalver; Commonweal, Vol. 134, April 20, 2007
Subjects: Employers--Human resource management, Labor unions--Evaluation, Labor unions--Laws, regulations and rules, Labor unions--Political aspects, Labor unions--United States
...both an expression of workers associative rights and an indispensable...presidential veto. If it were to become law, it would permit the National...cards authorizing it. As the law now stands, faced with such...employers often violate the law flagrantly, firing union supporters...
3.
Laurie's Portmanteau
Magazine article by D. Keith Mano; National Review, Vol. 50, March 23, 1998
Subjects: English language--Humor and anecdotes
...Since I am a novelist and screenwriter, my associative mechanism is primarily visual: I note...verbal. Talk about birth control and the law, and she will favor "tubal litigation...cufflinks" on a mugger. (You now know why law enforcement has been so expensive...
4.
Representation: From Ruskinian Drawing Exercises to Advanced Mathematics-With Architecture, Painting and Sculpture in Between-Representation of Ideas and Objects Lies at the Heart of Intellectual Endeavour
Magazine article by Jeremy Melvin, Robert Hewison; The Architectural Review, Vol. 217, February 2005
Subjects: Architectural firms--Growth, Architectural firms--Services, Architectural practice--Growth, Architectural practice--Services, Architectural services--Growth, Architectural services--Services, Arts--Vocational guidance
...with which the universe must have started up (at the Big Bang), in order to be consistent with observation and with the Second Law of Thermodynamics. I feel honoured that it has been exhibited as part of the Royal Academys Summer Exhibition 2004 under the...
5.
Confessional Poetry & the Artifice of Honesty
Magazine article by David Yezzi; New Criterion, Vol. 16, June 1998
Subjects: Autobiographies--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Birthday Letters (Book)--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Hughes, Ted--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Lowell, Robert--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Plath, Sylvia--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Poetry--Criticism, interpretation, etc.
...touch your plate; as local law I...Snodgrass shares with Lowell, Sexton, and Plath is his use of associative logic, which helps to supplant reason with emotion. While on...
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newspaper articles on: Associative Law  - 4 results

 
 
1.
Disability Rights May Have to Be Granted to Carers by Firms; LEGAL & FINANCE
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), January 12, 2007
...discrimination by way of association with a disabled person - or associative discrimination - is prohibited by the Directive, should be...her son, who, it is accepted is disabled in the eyes of the law. "It was argued on behalf of Miss Coleman that discrimination...
2.
Disabled Look to EU for Revolution on Workers' Rights; Test Case: Sharon Coleman Alleges She Was Treated Badly When She Asked Her Employer for Time off to Look after Her Child Who Has Breathing Difficulties
Newspaper article; The Evening Standard (London, England), January 29, 2008
Subjects: Disabled persons, Employers, Workers
...firm, now called EBR Attridge, and Steve Law, oneof the partners, to the south London...adisabled person but says nothing about "associative discrimination", as it isnow called...couldnot possibly be read in a way that bans associative discrimination. But would the equal treatment...
3.
Why Employers Must Care; Down Jobs. for Many Others, However, Caring Duties Have Made Paid Work an Impossibility - but a European Ruling Later This Year Is Likely to Change All This and Have a Profound Affect on Employment, Says Lawyer Eleanor Williams
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), April 17, 2008
Subjects: Employers
...that she was discriminated against and harassed by Attridge Law-her London lawfirmemployers - because she had a disabled son...far more significant. To avoid complications around issues of associative discrimination, a good start would be for managers to reassure...
4.
Landmark Legal Ruling on Carers; Employment Lawyer Eleanor Williams Assesses a Ruling That Will Affect Business Attitudes toward Carers
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), July 24, 2008
Subjects: European Court of Justice
...brought by Sharon Coleman against Attridge Law, the London law firm she left in March 2005. As the carer of a son who had...like to talk about?" To avoid complications around issues of associative discrimination, a good start would be for managers to reassure...


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encyclopedia articles on: Associative Law  - 8 results

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1.
Associative Law
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
ASSOCIATIVE LAW in mathematics, law holding that...any three numbers a, b, and c the associative law is expressed as ( a + b )+ c = a...mathematical entities A, B, and C obeys the associative law if ( A B ) C = A ( B C ) for all...
2.
Ring , Mathematical System
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...commutative group and multiplication is associative and distributes over addition (see commutative law ; associative law ; distributive law ). A commutative ring is one in which the commutative law also holds for multiplication. Examples of...
3.
Noether, Emmy
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...contributions to the development of abstract algebra, which studies the formal properties, e.g., associative law , commutative law , and distributive law , of algebraic operations. In 1915 she joined David Hilbert and C. F. Klein at Gottingen...
4.
Addition
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...respectively. In arithmetic addition follows the associative law , the commutative law , and, in combination with multiplication, the distributive law . Addition is also defined for other types of mathematical...
5.
Axiom
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...If equals are added to equals, the sums are equal") and those related to operations (e.g., the associative law and the commutative law ). A postulate, like an axiom, is a statement that is accepted without proof; however, it deals with...
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