BASRA

bŭsˈrə, Arabic al Basrah, city (1987 pop. 406,296), SE Iraq, on the Shatt al Arab. Basra is Iraq's second largest city and principal port. Its commercially advantageous location, near oil fields and 75 mi (121 km) from the Persian Gulf, has made it prosperous. Since 1948 many oil refineries have been built in the city. Petroleum products, grains, wool, and dates are exported. Basra was founded (a.d. 636) by the caliph Umar I. It was a cultural center under Harun ar-Rashid and declined with the decay of the Abbasid caliphate. Its possession was long contested by the Persians and the Turks. The British occupied Basra during World War I and used its port; they remained there until 1930. After World War I the construction of a rail line to Baghdad and the building of a modern harbor restored the city's importance. Due to its location on the heavily contested Shatt al Arab waterway, Basra was hard hit by Iranian forces in the 1980s during the Iran-Iraq War. The port was further bombed by western coalition forces in the Persian Gulf War (1991), primarily to thwart covert trade. Basra is the seat of a branch of the Univ. of Baghdad. The name also appears as Bassora, Bussora, and Busra.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Basra
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books on: Basra  - 1208 results

       More book Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Jews in Islamic Countries in the Middle Ages
Book by Moshe Gil, David Strassler; Brill, 2004
Subjects: Islamic Countries--Ethnic Relations, Jews--Islamic Countries--History--To 1500
...b. Jacob, Saadia Gaons rival, moved to Basra after the latters death. There is no doubt that Basra was an important center of Jewish scholars...different religions that used to convene in Basra with the participation of the poet, son of...
2.
Modernity and Culture: From the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean
Book by Leila Tarazi Fawaz, C. A. Bayly, Robert Ilbert; Columbia University Press, 2002
Subjects: Cities And Towns--India--History--19th Century, Cities And Towns--India--History--20th Century, Cities And Towns--Middle East--History--19th Century, Cities And Towns--Middle East--History--20th Century, East And West, India--Civilization--1765-1947, Middle East--Civilization--19th Century, Middle East--Civilization--20th Century
...The overpowering dynamic running through Basra's history was therefore regional. Whether small trader or rich landholder, Basra looked to the Gulf for prosperity and profit...fascinating that the radical changes that shook Basra's moral-religious climate in the latter...
3.
The Fertile Crescent, 1800-1914: A Documentary Economic History
Book by Charles Issawi; Oxford University Press, 1988
Subjects: Middle East--Economic Conditions--19th Century, Middle East--History--1517-
...the designation of a special agent in Basra and Baghdad, in the person of the firm...as against 138 English steamers entering Basra there were 24 non-English and in 1910...steamers for transport from Manchester to Basra was 1 15 shillings a ton, and from Belgian...
4.
Kuwait: Social Change in Historical Perspective
Book by Jacqueline S. Ismael; Syracuse University Press, 1982
Subjects: Kuwait--Economic Conditions, Kuwait--Social Conditions
...resident of the British East India Company at Basra communicated to the Shaikh of Kuwait the Pasha...generally identified Kuwait as a dependency of Basra. However, Kuwaits close relationship to Basra was based upon commercial, not political ties...
5.
Kuwait: Dependency and Class in a Rentier State
Book by Jacqueline S. Ismael; University Press of Florida, 1993
Subjects: Kuwait--Economic Conditions, Kuwait--Social Conditions
...resident of the British East India Company at Basra communicated to the Shaikh of Kuwait the Pasha...generally identified Kuwait as a dependency of Basra. However, Kuwaits close relationship to Basra was based upon commercial, not political ties...
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journal articles on: Basra  - 296 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Highway to Basra and the Ethics of Pursuit
Journal article by Stacy R. Obenhaus; Military Review, Vol. 80, 2000
Subjects: Iraq, Military air strikes, Military strategy, Persian Gulf War, United States
Highway to Basra and the Ethics of Pursuit by Stacy R...withdrawing from Kuwait City on a highway to Basra, Iraq. The planes bombed the front and...destruction in the long run. The Highway to Basra Applying the proportionality principle...
2.
The Ibadi Movement: a Study of Its Early Development and Ideas
Journal article by H. M; Domes, Vol. 12, 2003
Subjects: Geography, Government, History, International, International relations, Islam, Law, Middle East, Oman, Organizations, Religion, Religious law
...between the leaders of the khawarij in Basra in the year 65/684 following their return...formed a significant portion of society in Basra. While greatly disappointed by the Umayyad...caliphate. Many high-ranking merchants in Basra were attracted by the peaceful nature of...
3.
Stirring Words: Traditions and Subversions in the Poetry of Muzaffar Al-Nawwab
Journal article by Carol Bardenstein; Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ), Vol. 19, 1997
Subjects: Poets--Works, al-Nawwab, Muzaffar--Works
...simply" an Iraqi poet. LONGING FOR BASRA... One of the homelands constructed...repeatedly, at times almost weeping "Where is Basra?" The passionate, overwhelming desire...palpable in these recurring references to Basra. In the following example, we see how...
4.
Chronology: Iraq
Journal article; The Middle East Journal, Vol. 60, 2006
Subjects: International relations-US, Iraq, Kidnapping, Suicide bombings, Terrorism
...American journalist was found shot dead in Basra. Al-Jazeera, 8/3 Aug. 8: A suicide...the Shi ite-dominated southern city of Basra killed 16 Iraqis and wounded 21 others. The attack, the worst in Basra since the US invasion, targeted a cafe...
5.
The Effect of Iraqi Sanctions: Statistical Pitfalls and Responsibility
Journal article by Amatzia Baram; The Middle East Journal, Vol. 54, 2000
Subjects: Economic impact, Embargoes & blockades, Geographic profiles, Iraq, Social conditions & trends, Statistics
...governorate is Maysan-`Amara, then Basra and Muthanna-Samawa, then Karbala...Ramadi (Sunni Arab), then Najaf and Basra (Shi`i Arab), then Nineveh-Mosul...Karbala, then Muthanna, Wasit, Dhi Qar and Basra (all Shi`i), then Nineveh-Mosul...
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magazine articles on: Basra  - 692 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
The Betrayal of Basra
Magazine article by Chuck Sudetic; Mother Jones, Vol. 26, November 2001
Subjects: Embargoes & blockades, Foreign policy, Hussein, Saddam, International relations-US, Iraq, Poverty, United States
The Betrayal of Basra by Chuck Sudetic THE MORGUE AT THE BASRA PEDIATRIC HOSPITAL has one electrical fixture. It is an...This is the beginning of the off-season for death in Basra, a dust-- choked metropolis of a million souls at the...
2.
Making Headway in Basra: The United Kingdom's Prime Minister Likes the Progress He Sees in Iraq, as the British and Americans Continue to Cede Control of the Country to the Native Population
Magazine article by Gordon Brown; USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), Vol. 137, September 2008
Subjects: Antiterrorism measures--Excerpts, Antiterrorism measures--International aspects, Antiterrorism measures--Management, International cooperation--Excerpts, International cooperation--Military aspects, International cooperation--Political aspects, Iraq--International relations, Iraq--Military aspects, Iraq--Social aspects, Postwar reconstruction--Excerpts, Postwar reconstruction--International aspects, Postwar reconstruction--Management, Prime ministers--Excerpts, Prime ministers--International relations, Prime ministers--Speeches, lectures and essays, United Kingdom--International relations, United Kingdom--Military aspects, United Kingdom--Political aspects
Making Headway in Basra: The United Kingdoms Prime Minister Likes...development. In recent months, conditions in Basra have shown a marked improvement. Incidents...indirect fire against British troops in the Basra air station have fallen from 200 a month...
3.
Basra Is Slipping from the Grasp of the British. They May Contain or Absorb Some of the Violence, but Not for Long
Magazine article by Lindsey Hilsum; New Statesman, Vol. 134, October 24, 2005
Subjects: Journalists--Investigations, Police officers--Services, Police--Services
Basra Is Slipping from the Grasp of the British...are embedded with the UK military here in Basra. They had been taken to see how relations...known for a long time that elements in the Basra police force are behind the kidnappings and...
4.
Basra Prosthetics Project Needs Donations
Magazine article by Delinda C. Hanley; The Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, Vol. 24, July 2005
Subjects: Injuries, International relations, Iraq, Medical equipment, Prostheses
Basra Prosthetics Project Needs Donations by Delinda...has launched a prosthetics project in Basra, Iraq as part of their "Friendship in the...are nearly 5,000 known amputees in the Basra area alone, and the number grows monthly...
5.
Just a Few Pockets of Control: Where Were the Flowers, or the Jubilant Cheers? on the Road to Basra, Christina Lamb Found Neither. Even the Dogs Seemed to Turn Their Backs
Magazine article by Christina Lamb; New Statesman, Vol. 132, March 31, 2003
Subjects: Embedded journalists--Reports, Iraq War, 2003--Media coverage, War--Media coverage
...or the jubilant cheers? On the road to Basra, Christina Lamb found neither. Even the...been cut off because of the fighting in Basra. The convoy I had slipped into was clearly...turned off the road and on to the highway to Basra. The strategic port, which is much dirtier...
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newspaper articles on: Basra  - 5241 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Basra Two Zero
Newspaper article; The Mail on Sunday (London, England), November 4, 2007
Subjects: Soldiers
Basra Two Zero. Byline: ANDY MCNAB SAS veteran...oursoldiers were lounging round the pool in Basra knocking back a couple of beersbefore boarding...Armys ContingencyOperating Base (COB) at Basra airport doesnt look as if its pulling down...
2.
How Basra Is on Way to Being the Next Dubai; as New Defence Secretary John Hutton Visited British Troops, Speculation Mounted over a Timetable for Withdrawal. Reporter Paul Bradley Spent a Week with the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers in Basra and Heard How British Diplomats Now See the City as the Next Dubai
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), October 22, 2008
How Basra Is on Way to Being the Next Dubai; as New...Week with the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers in Basra and Heard How British Diplomats Now See the...Next Dubai. Byline: Paul Bradley In March Basra was still In the grip of Moqtada-al-Sadrs...
3.
Dear Children of Basra,; WE WANT YOU TO BE ABLE TO PLAY SAFELY AGAIN... CHILDREN FOR PEACE GIVE A CHILD HEALTH: BASRA APPEAL
Newspaper article; Sunday Mercury (Birmingham, England), April 25, 2004
Dear Children of Basra,; WE WANT YOU TO BE ABLE TO PLAY SAFELY...CHILDREN FOR PEACE GIVE A CHILD HEALTH: BASRA APPEAL. THEY are the simple messages of...the maimed and terrified youngsters of Basra. Primary pupils have written heart-rending...
4.
'I Came to Rid Basra of Its Enemies and I Now Hand Basra Back to Its Friends'
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), December 17, 2007
Subjects: Soldiers
I Came to Rid Basra of Its Enemies and I Now Hand Basra Back to Its Friends. Byline: By John Bingham Britain all...With a handshake and a signature, the general who entered Basra with an invading army four-and-a-half years ago transferred...
5.
INTERNATIONAL: 'Historic Day' as Basra Is Handed Back to Iraqi Forces
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), December 17, 2007
INTERNATIONAL: Historic Day as Basra Is Handed Back to Iraqi Forces. Byline...and a signature, the general who entered Basra with an invading army four-and-a...handover took place in the departure lounge of Basra Airport. Meanwhile, inside the city which...
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encyclopedia articles on: Basra  - 19 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-19 >>  
 
1.
Basra
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
BASRA bus r , Arabic al Basrah, city (1987 pop...296), SE Iraq, on the Shatt al Arab. Basra is Iraqs second largest city and principal...grains, wool, and dates are exported. Basra was founded by the caliph Umar I, at the...
2.
Iraq
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...including the Shatt al Arab waterway. Basra and Umm Qasr are the main ports. Iraq...are international airports at Baghdad and Basra, and a state-owned airline operates...constitute the three Turkish provinces of Basra, Baghdad, and Mosul. At this time the...
3.
Kindi, Al-
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Yakub ibn Ishak al-Kindi)a boo yoosoof yakoob ib n eshak al-kin de, 9th cent. Arab philosopher, b. Basra, Iraq. He studied at Basra and at Baghdad and is noted as one of the earliest scholars in the Middle East to become thoroughly versed...
4.
Umm Qasr
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
UMM QASR oom kas town, Basra prov., S Iraq, S of Basra on the Kuwait border. Located on an arm of the Persian Gulf, it is Iraqs second largest port, with deepwater facilities. ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia...
5.
Kufa
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...former Mesopotamian city, near the Euphrates River, c.110 mi (177 km) S of Baghdad. Founded in 638, Kufa soon rivaled Basra in size. The Arab governor of Iraq resided there until 702. For a time, Kufa was the seat of the Abbasid caliphate, and...
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