BETA PARTICLE

one of the three types of radiation resulting from natural radioactivity. Beta radiation (or beta rays) was identified and named by E. Rutherford, who found that it consists of high-speed electrons. Unlike alpha and gamma particles, whose energy can be explained as the difference of the energies of the radioactive nucleus before and after emission, beta particles emerge with a variable energy. This apparent violation of the law of conservation of energy (see conservation laws) led to the hypothesis that a second undetected particle, the neutrino, is emitted along with the electron and shares the total available energy. In some forms of induced, or artificial, radioactivity, the electron's antiparticle, the positron, is emitted from the excited nucleus; the positron in this case is also called a beta particle and denoted by β+ (the ordinary beta particle is β−).

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Beta Particle
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books on: Beta Particle  - 233 results

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1.
The Great Design: Particles, Fields, and Creation
Book by Robert K. Adair; Oxford University Press, 1989
Subjects: Field Theory (Physics), Particles (Nuclear Physics), Physics
...aligned nucleus counts the Particles passing through it. The counter...quantization-- the direction of the particle spin. The three graphs at...shows the distribution for particles emitted in the "backward...weak interaction decay, the beta decay of a hadron usually...important "modern" experiment on beta decay by measuring the asymmetry...
2.
Subcellular Particles: A Symposium Held during the Meeting of the Society of General Physiologists at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, June 9-11, 1958
Book by Teru Hayashi; Ronald Press Co., 1959
Subjects: Cytology
...glucose-6-phosphatase; DPNH, DPNH-tetrazolium reductase; LDH, lactic dehydrogenase- DPNH-tetrazolium reductase; BHB, beta-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase-DPNH-tetrazolium reductase; SDH, succinic dehydrogenase TPNH, TPNH-cytochrome a reductase...
3.
Roma Beta; Letters from the Eternal City
Book by Maud Howe; "LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY", 1905
Subjects: Italy--Description And Travel, Rome (Italy)--Description And Travel
"Where do you put the rubbish that you take out?" I asked. The capo smiled indulgently. "Every particle of the earth of the Forum is sacred," he said. "We skim it off carefully in layers, keeping each layer quite separate from...
4.
Representative Phi Beta Kappa Orations
Book by Clark S. Northup, William C. Lane, John C. Schwab; Houghton Mifflin Company, 1915
Subjects: Speeches, Addresses, Etc., American
...system on system shooting like rays, upward, downward, without centre, without circumference, -- in the mass and in the particle, Nature hastens to render account of herself to the mind. Classification begins. To the young mind every thing is individual...
5.
International Dictionary of Physics and Electronics
Book by Walter C. Michels; Van Nostrand, 1956
...ratio ss . 4 See also beta-particle and beta-ray. 5 Ratio...ss-process itself. BETA-EMITTER. A radionuclide...the equation . BETA PARTICLE. A negative electron...RAY. A stream of ss-particles. BETA-RAY SPECTRUM. 1 The...
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journal articles on: Beta Particle  - 301 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Mortality Risk Associated with Short-Term Exposure to Traffic Particles and Sulfates
Journal article by Dan Maynard, Brent A. Coull, Alexandros Gryparis, Joel Schwartz; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 115, 2007
Subjects: Air pollution--Health aspects, City traffic--Environmental aspects, City traffic--Health aspects, Mortality--Research, Mortality--United States, Particles--Health aspects, Particulate matter--Health aspects
...increment in exposure to airborne particles varied with the particle composition in the city. It increased with the percent of the particles from traffic sources, and decreased...in examining the acute effects of particle exposure. The association with traffic particles was independent of the sulfate association...
2.
Relationship between Particulate Matter Measured by Optical Particle Counter and Mortality in Seoul, Korea, during 2001
Journal article by Yong-Sung Cho, Jong-Tae Lee, Chang-Hoon Jung, Young-Sin Chun, Yoon-Shin Kim; Journal of Environmental Health, Vol. 71, 2008
Subjects: Mortality--Environmental aspects, Mortality--South Korea, Particles--Health aspects, Particles--Measurement, Particulate matter--Health aspects, Particulate matter--Measurement, South Korea--Demographic aspects, South Korea--Environmental aspects, South Korea--Health aspects
...effects are larger for smaller particle sizes (Wichmann Peters...of their small size, fine particles contribute very little to...of the number of airborne particles in the atmosphere (Morawsak...The ability to estimate particle number has become increasingly...measurements of PM.sub.10 (beta-ray absorption method...
3.
Vascular Effects of Ultrafine Particles in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes
Journal article by Judith C. Stewart, David C. Chalupa, Robert B. Devlin, Lauren M. Frasier, Li-Shan Huang, Erika L. Little, Steven M. Lee, Richard P. Phipps, Anthony P. Pietropaoli, Mark B. Taubman, Mark J. Utell, Mark W. Frampton; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 118, 2010
Subjects: Air pollution--Health aspects, Air pollution--Research, Cardiovascular diseases--Environmental aspects, Cardiovascular diseases--Research, Cardiovascular diseases--Risk factors, Particles--Health aspects, Particles--Research, Particulate matter--Health aspects, Particulate matter--Research, Type 2 diabetes--Complications and side effects, Type 2 diabetes--Environmental aspects, Type 2 diabetes--Research, Type 2 diabetes--Risk factors
...end of the exposure). Details of particle generation and characterization have...previously (Chalupa et al. 2002). The particles were generated in argon using an...McDonald et al. 2001). This produced particles consisting of >95% elemental carbon, without metals. Particle number (condensation particle counters...urban environments, where the fine particle mass can exceed 100 microg/m...2010). The laboratory-generated particles used in our study did not contain...
4.
Within-Neighborhood Patterns and Sources of Particle Pollution: Mobile Monitoring and Geographic Information System Analysis in Four Communities in Accra, Ghana
Journal article by Kathie L. Dionisio, Michael S. Rooney, Raphael E. Arku, Ari B. Friedman, Allison F. Hughes, Jose Vallarino, Samuel Agyei-Mensah, John D. Spengler, Majid Ezzati; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 118, 2010
Subjects: Air pollution--Research, Geographic information systems--Usage, Particles--Environmental aspects, Particles--Research, Particulate matter--Environmental aspects, Particulate matter--Research
...Ln (PM.sub.stop) = beta.sub.0 + betaX + deltaWeather...Characterization of Fine Particle Air Pollution in the Indian...Spatial variability of fine particle concentrations in three European...distribution of submicrometre particles and CO in an urban microscale...driven monitoring of fine particles and black carbon in Roxbury...
5.
Number Concentration and Size of Particles in Urban Air: Effects on Spirometric Lung Function in Adult Asthmatic Subjects
Journal article by Pasi Penttinen, Kirsi Liisa Timonen, Pekka Tiittanen, Aadu Mirme, Juhani Ruuskanen, Juha Pekkanen; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 109, 2001
...FVC, FEV.sub.1, particles, particle size, peak expiratory flow...Regression coefficients (Beta) and standard errors...nonsignificantly, associated with particle number concentrations on...only the associations with particles in the accumulation mode...coarse, road-dust related particles, which influence the particle mass measurements in the...
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magazine articles on: Beta Particle  - 68 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Seeing the Subatomic with a Cloud Chamber, You Can Actually Watch the Subatomic Radioactive Particles All around You
Magazine article by Theodore Gray; Popular Science, Vol. 266, March 2005
Subjects: DIY, Design of experiments, Do it yourself, Science
...paths of zooming subatomic particles--in a dense fog of alcohol...environment, a high-speed alpha particle (helium nucleus), beta particle (electron), or gamma ray...these pictures, single alpha particles have created trails of bubbles...
2.
Little Neutral Ones
Magazine article by Neil Degrasse Tyson; Natural History, Vol. 116, February 2007
Subjects: Atoms & subatomic particles, Conservation laws, Earth, Energy conservation, Neutrinos, Particle accelerators, Particle physics, Physicists, Travel
...His additional particle was to have no charge...out, the key to beta decay was not the...numbers of heavy particles (baryons) and light...Wait a minute. Beta decay starts with...not simply a light particle; its an anti-light...
3.
Atomic Energy
Magazine article by Lee A. Dubridge; National Forum, Vol. 76, Fall 1996
Subjects: Atoms & subatomic particles, Nuclear energy
...them unstable, radioactive. Within one of these nuclear reactors, one always has radioactivity (radiations, gamma rays, beta rays) equivalent to what you would get from radium. Except that instead of having a few grams of radium it is as though one...
4.
Radiation and Life
Magazine article by Craig Dees; World and I, Vol. 15, June 2000
Subjects: Low level radiation--Health aspects, Low-level radiation--Health aspects, Marsh, Richard--Behavior, Plants, Effect of radiation on--Research, Radiation (Physics)--Analysis, Radiation--Analysis
...invisible, emanations of particles and waves profoundly influence...cassettes. When an X ray or beta particle strikes the enhancer screen...addition, radiation includes particle emanations, most notably beta rays (electrons) and alpha particles (the nuclei of neutral helium...
5.
Fukushima Just How Dangerous Is Radiation? the Situation in Japan Is Tragic: An Earthquake, a Tsunami, Death, Homelessness, and Carnage. the Grimness Is Exacerbated by Worries about Radiation. but Should It Be?
Magazine article by Ed Hiserodt; The New American, Vol. 27, May 9, 2011
Subjects: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident, Japan, 2011--Health aspects, Nuclear reactors--Accidents, Radiation exposure--Health aspects
...organizations. Alpha and Beta Radiation We have not looked...mentioned: alpha and beta particles. The former is a helium nucleus...not in themselves ionizing particles, they can disrupt cellular...breaks up, it emits a beta particle and gamma rays and is transmuted...quickly drop, as will airborne particles. Within a few months, the...
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newspaper articles on: Beta Particle  - 5 results

 
 
1.
SEC Hiring More Experts to Help Assess Complex Financial Systems -BYLN- by Zachary A. Goldfarb the Washington Post
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), June 20, 2010
Subjects: Administrative agencies, Government agencies, Securities industry
...of work that physicist Gregg Berman did studying the tiny particles spun off by exploding stars and distant galaxies. Today...late nights he spent conducting experiments at Princetons particle accelerator in preparation for his doctoral thesis, "The Study of the Beta Decay Spectrum of Sulfur-35." But in other ways, its...
2.
A New Chapter for PCs; Tech Heads
Newspaper article; Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), November 13, 2009
Subjects: Computer software industry, E-book reader, E-books, Microsoft Corp., Software industry
...Lawson THIS week Amazon released a free beta version of Kindle for PC - software which...will be here soon. So, think of this beta software as a way of getting a little...galaxy inside out by firing sub-atomic particles at each other in the Large Hadron Collider...which zapped the power from the 27km particle accelerator! SAMSUNG plan to launch...
3.
Traffic Jam
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), August 10, 2009
Subjects: Traffic congestion
...triglycerides, the main fat-carrying particle in the bloodstream. You can keep them...lowering drugs (an ACE inhibitor, a beta blocker and a diuretic), a statin for...they called the Polycap containing three beta blockers, a statin and aspirin. Others...
4.
Beauty Laid Bare
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 15, 2008
...exfoliator. Unlike scrubs that use hard particles such as walnut shell and pumice to physically...effective antioxidant on the market. BETA HYDROXY ACIDS (BHAS) OFTEN used to...of acne. FOUND IN: Peter Thomas Roth Beta Hydroxy Acid 2 per cent Acne Wash...suppleness and elasticity. PEPTIDES A PARTICLE of protein, a molecule that is made...
5.
Beauty Laid Bare
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 8, 2008
Subjects: Cosmetics, Cosmetics industry, L'Oreal Paris, Toiletries industry
...exfoliator. Unlike scrubs that use hard particles such as walnut shell and pumice to physically...effective antioxidant on the market. BETA HYDROXY ACIDS (BHAS) OFTEN used to...of acne. FOUND IN: Peter Thomas Roth Beta Hydroxy Acid 2 per cent Acne Wash...suppleness and elasticity. PEPTIDES A PARTICLE of protein, a molecule that is made...


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encyclopedia articles on: Beta Particle  - 16 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-16 >>  
 
1.
Beta Particle
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
BETA PARTICLE one of the three types...Unlike alpha and gamma particles, whose energy can be...before and after emission, beta particles emerge with a variable...that a second undetected particle, the neutrino , is emitted...
2.
Elementary Particles
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...However, other elementary particles not found in ordinary atoms...Difficulties in explaining beta decay (see radioactivity...detected until 1956). Another particle was also added to the list...photoelectric effect . The next particles discovered were related to...suggested that a meson (a charged particle with a mass intermediate between...
3.
Radioactivity
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...atom by emission of particles, usually accompanied...stable elements in a particle accelerator . Essentially...designated as alpha, beta, and gamma rays. These...helium atoms (see alpha particle ). Alpha decay reduces...the emission of alpha particles, radioactive thorium...electrons (see beta particle ; electron ). In beta...
4.
Neutrino
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Ital.,=little neutral (particle), elementary particle with no electric charge and...the decay of certain other particles. The neutrino was first postulated...conservation of energy during beta decay (see conservation laws...radioactive nucleus emits a beta particle (electron), the electron...
5.
Thorium
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...a stable isotope; alpha and beta particles are emitted during this decay...protactinium-233, emitting a beta particle. The protactinium-233 decays...life about 27 days) with another beta particle emission to uranium...
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