DEFENSE MECHANISM

in psychoanalysis, any of a variety of unconscious personality reactions which the ego uses to protect the conscious mind from threatening feelings and perceptions. Sigmund Freud first used defense as a psychoanalytic term (1894), but he did not break the notion into categories, viewing it as a singular phenomenon of repression. His daughter, Anna Freud, expanded on his theories in the 1930s, distinguishing some of the major defense mechanisms recognized today. Primary defense mechanisms include repression and denial, which serve to prevent unacceptable ideas or impulses from entering the conscience. Secondary defense mechanisms—generally appearing as an outgrowth of the primary defense mechanisms—include projection, reaction formation, displacement, sublimation, and isolation.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Defense Mechanism
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books on: Defense Mechanism  - 29675 results

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1.
Arming the Future: A Defense Industry for the 21st Century
Book by Ann R. Markusen, Sean S. Costigan; Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1999
Subjects: Defense Industries--United States, Military-Industrial Complex--United States, National Security--United States
Arming the Future: A Defense Industry for the 21st Century...and Converting: Restructuring of the Defense Industrial Base in the 1990s 74 Michael...Jay Stowsky 5 Redefining National Defense: The Challenge of Cold War Politics...
2.
Responding to Defense Dependence: Policy Ideas and the American Defense Industrial Base
Book by Erik R. Pages; Praeger Publishers, 1996
Subjects: Defense Industries--United States, Industrial Policy--United States, Military-Industrial Complex--United States, National Security--United States
RESPONDING TO DEFENSE DEPENDENCE RESPONDING TO DEFENSE DEPENDENCE Policy Ideas and the American Defense Industrial Base ERIK R. PAGES Foreword by Theodore H. Moran PRAEGER Westport, Connecticut London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication...
3.
War and Self-Defense
Book by David Rodin; Clarendon Press, 2002
Subjects: Self-Defense (International Law), War (International Law)
...question of national self-defense and its morality, but about...reliable independent enforcement mechanisms. It is therefore deeply imbued...argue that the right of self-defense and defensive rights more...Hohfeldian theory of rights as a mechanism for asserting facts about...
4.
Defense Industries in Latin American Countries: Argentina, Brazil, and Chile
Book by José O. Maldifassi, Pier A. Abetti; Praeger Publishers, 1994
Subjects: Argentina--Defenses, Brazil--Defenses, Chile--Defenses, Defense Industries--Argentina, Defense Industries--Brazil, Defense Industries--Chile
...developments in the defense industries may...industries by several mechanisms, which include...countries. While market mechanisms in the civilian...process in the defense sector is driven...industry. The principal mechanism to achieve this...process through defense technological innovation...
5.
Defense Addiction: Can America Kick the Habit?
Book by Sanford Gottlieb; Westview Press, 1997
Subjects: Defense Industries--United States, Military-Industrial Complex--United States, United States--Defenses--Economic Aspects, United States--Military Policy
...governments to be valued non- defense customers. Foreign Markets...a kind of treadmill. This mechanism analyzes exhaust as the vehicle...contracts span the globe. Clearly, defense companies, some of which already...weapons-production contracts. Therefore, defense contractors are likely to see...
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journal articles on: Defense Mechanism  - 6193 results

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1.
The Splitting Index: Construction of a Scale Measuring the Defense Mechanism of Splitting
Journal article by John R. Gould, Norman M. Prentice, Ricardo C. Ainslie; Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 66, 1996
Subjects: Projective Techniques--Periodicals
...Construction of a Scale Measuring the Defense Mechanism of Splitting John R. Gould...object representations and the defense mechanism of splitting, was constructed...the SI are discussed. The defense mechanism of splitting has been widely...
2.
Further Validation for the Cramer Defense Mechanism Manual
Journal article by Stephen Hibbard, John Porcerelli; Journal of Personality Assessment, Vol. 70, 1998
Subjects: Projective Techniques--Periodicals
...Further Validation for the Cramer Defense Mechanism Manual Stephen Hibbard...psychometric properties of the Cramer Defense Mechanism Manual ( Cramer, 1991 b...the validity of the Cramer Defense Mechanism Manual (DMM; Cramer, 1991...
3.
Personality of University Teachers According to the Defense Mechanism Technique Modified (Dmtm) as Related to Their Assessment of Their University as an Organizational Setting
Journal article by Alf L. Andersson, Lars Ryhammar; Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 27, 1999
...University Teachers According to the Defense Mechanism Technique Modified (Dmtm) as...18 were obtained from the Defense Mechanism Technique modified (DMTm...competence of the superior. DEFENSE MECHANism TECHNIQUE MODIFIED In DMTm...
4.
Meta-Analyses of 10 Experiments on Perceptual Defensiveness and ESP: ESP Scoring Patterns and Experimenter and Decline Effects
Journal article by Erlendur Haraldsson, Joop M. Houtkooper; The Journal of Parapsychology, Vol. 59, 1995
Subjects: Defense mechanism test--Usage, Defensiveness (Psychology)--Research, Extrasensory perception--Research
...Background and Rationale of the Defense Mechanism Test The DMT was developed...all other experiments. The Defense Mechanism Test The group version of...detailed study of different defense mechanisms associated with the DMT as...
5.
Effect of a Threatening Subliminal Stimulus on the Perceptual ESP Test: A Partial Replication
Journal article by John Palmer; The Journal of Parapsychology, Vol. 56, 1992
Subjects: Clairvoyance--Research, Defense mechanism test--Usage, Extrasensory perception--Research
...the subject. The picture was either the standard Defense Mechanism Test (DMT) slide (Kragh Smith, 1970) in which a...hoc analyses seem to suggest that two different psi mechanisms were operating: (a) tight variance--a defensive response...
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magazine articles on: Defense Mechanism  - 1169 results

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1.
International Institute for Strategic Studies (Singapore)
Magazine article; U.S. Department of Defense Speeches, May 31, 2008
Subjects: Alliances (Government relations)--Speeches, lectures and essays, Alliances--Speeches, lectures and essays, Gates, Robert M.--Speeches, lectures and essays, Secretaries of defense--Speeches, lectures and essays
...to the quick emergence of a mechanism that can help international...recently inaugurated our direct Defense Telephone Link in a call with...address common problems with mechanisms like the Six Party Talks...to discuss is the type of defense and security policies that...
2.
International Institute for Strategic Studies
Magazine article by Robert M. Gates; U.S. Department of Defense Speeches, June 2, 2007
Subjects: Gates, Robert M.--Speeches, lectures and essays, Secretaries of defense--Speeches, lectures and essays, Security management--Strategic aspects
...responsibility for its own defense while reaching out to assist...of the region a sense that a mechanism is in place to deal with the...prospect of a ballistic missile defense site in Europe and how that...partnership with Russia in missile defense, and invited Russian officials...
3.
"Developing 21st Century DoD SES Leaders" Conference
Magazine article; U.S. Department of Defense Speeches, May 9, 2006
Subjects: England, Gordon R.--Speeches, lectures and essays, United States. Department of Defense--Appreciation, United States. Department of Defense--Growth, United States. Department of Defense--Management
...the Deputy Secretary of Defense The Honorable Gordon R...implement NSPS, but to create a mechanism so that everyone could excel...the Deputy Secretary of Defense. I hold the office of the Deputy Secretary of Defense. All the authority and responsibility...
4.
Sophia University
Magazine article by Robert M. Gates; U.S. Department of Defense Speeches, November 9, 2007
Subjects: Gates, Robert M.--Speeches, lectures and essays, Japanese foreign relations--Evaluation, Secretaries of defense--Speeches, lectures and essays, United States foreign relations--Evaluation, Universities and colleges--Appreciation, Universities and colleges--Japan
...nuclear tests of 2006. We now have a mechanism in place to forge cooperation on the...including Russias concerns regarding missile defense. Our proposal to pursue a partnership...and uncertainties? Have we the proper mechanisms and infrastructure to meet our common...
5.
How to Decide about Strategic Defense
Magazine article by Lewis E. Lehrman, Gregory A. Fossedal; National Review, Vol. 38, January 31, 1986
Subjects: Deterrence (Strategy)--Analysis, Intercontinental ballistic missiles--Analysis, Nuclear warfare--Analysis, Reagan, Ronald--Military policy, Soviet Union--Military policy, Strategic Defense Initiative--Analysis
...supporters have all along been confident that this sort of primitive defense could be built because every task involved is a familiar one...set them off. The explosion depends upon a delicate timing mechanism that brings together the deadly explosives at just the right...
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newspaper articles on: Defense Mechanism  - 363 results

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1.
Defense Mechanism
Newspaper article by Rowan Scarborough; The Washington Times, April 25, 2000
Defense mechanism by Rowan Scarborough The...President Clinton offered up more money for defense. Something else happened too under Mr...is attending a meeting of the Pentagons Defense Advisory Committee on Women in the Services...
2.
Defense Mechanism
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, May 31, 2002
Defense mechanism Byline: THE WASHINGTON TIMES One...fortunate to be the only reporter invited to Defense Secretary Bill Cohens personal banquet...walked away. Bill Gertz, who covers defense and national security affairs, joined...
3.
In Defense of the Cad; 'Toxic Bachelor' Explains Rhyme, Reason Behind Men's Behavior
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, February 21, 2003
Subjects: Marin, Rick
...increasing independence of women. Maxim and other lad mags such as Gear appeal to guys inner cavemen as a sort of defense mechanism, a refuge from sophistication. "One of the realities of living in a large metropolitan area is that women can...
4.
Teodoro Seeks Reforms in Defense Planning
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, September 24, 2007
...suggested to the undersecretaries concerned the constant feedback mechanism, where we can constantly revisit and replan, based on a situation...envisioned at the time a guidance was given," he explained. The defense secretary, however, denied that the idea to revise the defense...
5.
Missile Defense Safely on Track
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, December 19, 2002
...loose wire may have prevented the signal needed to fire the mechanism that separates the kill vehicle from the booster rocket. Nevertheless, all other elements of the missile defense system appear to have worked well. It was what the Pentagon...
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encyclopedia articles on: Defense Mechanism  - 20 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 >>  
 
1.
Defense Mechanism
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
DEFENSE MECHANISM in psychoanalysis, any of a variety of unconscious...theories in the 1930s, distinguishing some of the major defense mechanisms recognized today. Primary defense mechanisms include repression and denial , which serve to prevent...
2.
Denial
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...DENIAL in psychology, an ego defense mechanism that operates unconsciously...described as a primitive defense mechanism . Anna Freud studied the...reality rather than a particular defense mechanism in the Freudian sense...
3.
Conversion
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
CONVERSION in psychology: see defense mechanism ; hysteria . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
4.
Repression
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
REPRESSION in psychology: see defense mechanism ; psychoanalysis . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
5.
Reaction-Formation
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
REACTION-FORMATION see defense mechanism . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
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