EPINEPHRINE

ĕpˌənĕfˈrīn, hormone important to the body's metabolism, also known as adrenaline. Epinephrine, a catecholamine, together with norepinephrine, is secreted principally by the medulla of the adrenal gland. Heightened secretion caused perhaps by fear or anger, will result in increased heart rate and the hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose. This reaction, often called the "fight or flight" response, prepares the body for strenuous activity. The hormone was first extracted (1901) from the adrenal glands of animals by Jokichi Takamine; it was synthesized (1904) by Friedrich Stolz. Epinephrine is used medicinally as a stimulant in cardiac arrest, as a vasoconstrictor in shock, as a bronchodilator and antispasmodic in bronchial asthma, and to lower intra-ocular pressure in the treatment of glaucoma.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Epinephrine
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books on: Epinephrine  - 641 results

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1.
Memory Consolidation: Psychobiology of Cognition
Book by Herbert Weingartner, Elizabeth S. Parker; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1984
Subjects: Memory, Memory--Physiological Aspects
...modulatory systems including peripheral epinephrine are not sufficiently activated by the...training event. Thus, injections of epinephrine may facilitate memory by mimicking one...although the mechanism is unclear, higher epinephrine doses impair memory storage; the inverted...
2.
Encyclopedia of Life Sciences - Vol. 5
Book by Anne O'Daly; Marshall Cavendish, 2004
Subjects: Biology--Encyclopedias, Life Sciences--Encyclopedias
...stimulation. It seems contra<lictorv that epinephrine affects both types of receptors, when...receptors cause them to widen. Why \Hndd epinephrine do t\VO opposite things at once...most needed. Fright, fight, flight Epinephrine and norepinephrine (often called the...
3.
Handbook of Glaucoma
Book by Augusto Azuara-Blanco, Vital P. Costa, Richard P. Wilson; Martin Dunitz, 2002
Subjects: Glaucoma--Diagnosis, Glaucoma--Treatment
...discontinued 6 weeks before surgery. Epinephrine and dipivefrin The receptors that regulate...receptors are subdivided as 1 or 2. Epinephrine (adrenaline) is a non-selective...the 1920s. The mechanism of action of epinephrine is not fully understood, although it...
4.
Information Processing in Animals: Memory Mechanisms
Book by Norman E. Spear, Ralph R. Miller; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1981
Subjects: Animal Psychology--Congresses, Conditioned Response--Congresses, Memory--Congresses
To determine whether epinephrine injection resulted in an aversive...aversion , or if the effect of NCFS and epinephrine was independent of exposure to the...additional control groups were run. Epinephrine and cue exposure were given to one...
5.
Asthma: Stop Suffering, Start Living
Book by M. Eric Gershwin, E. L. Klingelhofer; Perseus Books, 1992
Subjects: Asthma--Popular Works
...AsthmaNefrin solution with nebulizer 1 oz epinephrine chlorobutanol 0.5% preservative...nebulizer 1/2 oz 0.5% solution of epinephrine; ascorbic acid 0.1% preservative alcohol 0.2 mg epinephrine per puff 34% microNefrin 7.5 ml...
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journal articles on: Epinephrine  - 163 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Physiological Stress Response of the Neuroendocrine System during Outdoor Adventure Tasks
Journal article by Camille J. Bunting, Homer Tolson, Cynthia Kuhn, Edward Suarez, Redford B Williams; Journal of Leisure Research, Vol. 32, 2000
Subjects: Adventure and adventurers--Physiological aspects, Epinephrine--Research, Hydrocortisone--Research, Noradrenaline--Research, Stress (Psychology)--Physiological aspects
...of this study was to describe urinary epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol responses...higher fit participants. KEYWORDS: Epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, adventure...physical stress), with no increase in epinephrine (most indicative of psychological stress...
2.
Adrenergic, Cholinergic, GABAergic, and Glutaminergic Receptor Function in the CNS
Journal article by Norman L. Keltner, Tamecka Knight, Lee Ann Royals; Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, Vol. 37, 2001
Subjects: Acetylcholine--Receptors, Central nervous system--Physiological aspects, Epinephrine--Receptors, GABA--Receptors, Muscarinic receptors--Physiological aspects, Nervous system, Autonomic--Physiological aspects, Nicotinic receptors--Physiological aspects, Noradrenaline--Physiological aspects, Stress (Physiology)--Research
...the catecholamines norepinephrine and epinephrine. Adrenergic receptors can be grouped...the peripheral nervous system: NE, epinephrine, and acetylcholine (dopamine receptors...l, and beta-2 respond to NE and epinephrine. Alpha-1. Alpha-1 adrenergic receptors...
3.
The Effect of Income on Anaphylaxis Preparation and Management Plans in Toronto Primary Schools
Journal article by David W. Frost, Catherine G. Chalin; Canadian Journal of Public Health, Vol. 96, 2005
Subjects: Allergies, Elementary schools, Epinephrine, Low income groups, Prescription drugs, Public health, Toronto Ontario Canada
...Ontario.1 With prompt administration of epinephrine via EpiPen and subsequent management...allergic reaction is the administration of epinephrine, typically through an autoinjector with 0.3 mg of epinephrine (EpiPen) or 0.15 mg (EpiPen Jr...
4.
Assuring the Safety of Severely Food Allergic Children in School
Journal article by Genevieve H. Hay, Thomas B. Harper Iii, Taylor G. Moore; Journal of School Health, Vol. 76, 2006
Subjects: Allergic reaction--Analysis, Allergy--Analysis, Anaphylaxis--Diagnosis, Students--Health aspects
...stressing the significance of using epinephrine as the first line drug in the treatment...deaths has been failure to administer epinephrine promptly. (1,2,6,7) Deaths...occurred at school. In each fatal case, epinephrine was administered only after severe symptoms...
5.
Polydrug-Using Adolescent Mothers and Their Infants Receiving Early Intervention
Journal article by Tiffany M. Field, Frank Scafidi, Jeffrey Pickens, Margarita Prodromidis, Martha Pelaez-Nogueras, Julia Torquati, Holly Wilcox, Julie Malphurs, Saul Schanberg, Cynthia Kuhn; Adolescence, Vol. 33, 1998
Subjects: Children of drug addicts--Health aspects, Drug abuse in pregnancy--Research, Infants--Health aspects, Pregnant women--Drug use, Teenage mothers--Drug use
...catecholamines (norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine), 5-HIAA, and creatinine...period were analyzed for norepinephrine, epinephrine, and cortisol as correlates of hypothalamic...physiologically released norepinephrine and epinephrine is quite good across development (Kuhn...
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magazine articles on: Epinephrine  - 144 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Otc Asthma Inhalers: Worthy of More Time on Market?
Magazine article by Kathryn Foxhall; Drug Topics, Vol. 152, January 14, 2008
Subjects: Armstrong Pharmaceuticals Inc, Asthma, Chlorofluorocarbons, Extensions, Nonprescription drugs, Product recalls, United States
...manufacturer of over-the-counter epinephrine pressurized metered-dose inhalers...prescription products. According to FDA, epinephrine MDIs are the only MDIs for treatment...of an OTC nonozone-depleting based epinephrine "and eliminate a one-year gap in...
2.
Continuing Education: Common Ophthalmic Diseases and Their Treatment
Magazine article by David S. Ziska, Sara L. Noble, Robert C. Forbes; Drug Topics, Vol. 139, July 10, 1995
Subjects: Continuing education, Pharmacists, United States
...sympathomimetics consist of dipivefrin and epinephrine. Dipivefrin, a prodrug is hydrolyzed to epinephrine within the eye. In its nonhydrolyzed...has greater lipophilicity compared with epinephrine. This characteristic enables greater...
3.
Identifying and Managing Patients with Asthma and Allergy
Magazine article by Rob Gasbarro; Drug Topics, Vol. 145, April 2, 2001
Subjects: Asthma, Drug therapy, Patients, Pharmaceuticals, United States
...the-counter medications, such as epinephrine and ephedrine. The researchers noted...ago with six canisters of generic epinephrine aerosol she had purchased at the dollar store. She said the epinephrine would help him breathe better. In...
4.
Food Allergies: When Eating Is Risky
Magazine article by Audrey T. Hingley; FDA Consumer, Vol. 27, December 1993
Subjects: Food allergy--Health aspects, Food hypersensitivity--Health aspects
...medication, such as injectable epinephrine, with them at all times, and to...allergies on how to self-administer epinephrine. Such prompt treatment can be crucial to survival. Injectable epinephrine is a synthetic version of a naturally...
5.
New Drug Approvals of 2000--part 2
Magazine article by W. Marvin Davis, Michael C. Vinson; Drug Topics, Vol. 145, March 5, 2001
Subjects: Pharmaceuticals, Regulatory approval, United States
...Davis , Michael C. Vinson ARTICAINE/EPINEPHRINE Septocaine (SEHP-to-caine) Deproco...with an adrenergic vasoconstrictor, epinephrine. It has been marketed overseas for...cardiac output and hypotension. Because epinephrine is added as a vasoconstrictor to slow...
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newspaper articles on: Epinephrine  - 70 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Medics Resort to Expired Drugs; EMS Workers Say Supervisors Ordered Use
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, June 9, 2005
...medications included such lifesaving drugs as epinephrine, which is used to treat asthmatics...had expired medications, including epinephrine and nitro tablets," he said. "Why...ordinarily his ambulance carries 20 doses of epinephrine 1:1000, three doses of nitroglycerin...
2.
House OKs Plan to Let Schools Keep, Use EpiPens
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), April 13, 2011
Subjects: Elementary school students--Laws, regulations and rules, Elementary school students--Planning, Food allergy--Laws, regulations and rules, Food hypersensitivity--Laws, regulations and rules, Schools--Illinois, Schools--Laws, regulations and rules
...schools to keep a supply of and administer epinephrine, usually via an auto-injector known...would allow school nurses to inject epinephrine into a student who they believe is suffering...school. "Access and availability to epinephrine at schools is very restricted and appropriately...
3.
Six Counties in 60 Seconds
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), November 16, 2011
Subjects: News agencies, Property tax, Property taxes, Tax collection, The Associated Press
...encourage states to improve school access to epinephrine injectors that can help students with...require schools to keep a supply of epinephrine injectors like the EpiPen and train...who are unlikely to carry their own epinephrine injectors. The proposed legislation...
4.
The Wheezy Season Is Here
Newspaper article by Anne Veigle; The Washington Times, May 5, 1998
...breathing. In such cases, antihistamines or a drug called epinephrine can be administered immediately to halt the allergic reaction...frown on the lifesaving "epi-pens," injectible doses of epinephrine that are used when a person has an acute attack of asthma...
5.
Records Show Expired-Drugs Alarm
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, June 11, 2005
...unavailable. The medications included such lifesaving drugs as epinephrine, which is used to treat asthmatics and allergic reactions...series of medications that would expire in 2005, including epinephrine 1:1000. He listed its expiration date as June 1. Chief...
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encyclopedia articles on: Epinephrine  - 23 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-23 >>  
 
1.
Epinephrine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
EPINEPHRINE ep nef rin, hormone important to the...metabolism, also known as adrenaline. Epinephrine, a catecholamine , together with norepinephrine...synthesized (1904) by Friedrich Stolz. Epinephrine is used medicinally as a stimulant in...
2.
Catecholamine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...catecholamines include such compounds as epinephrine , or adrenaline, norepinephrine, and...amine, or nitrogen-containing group. Epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are also...an intermediate in the synthesis of epinephrine; in addition, a deficiency of dopamine...
3.
Beta-Blocker
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...the nerve-stimulating hormone epinephrine for these receptor sites and thus interfere with the action of epinephrine, lowering blood pressure and heart...migraine headaches. Because it is also epinephrine that prepares the body for "fight...
4.
Norepinephrine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...cells. Norepinephrine is almost identical in structure to epinephrine , which is released into the bloodstream from the adrenal...response to short-term stress; hence norepinephrine and epinephrine increase the heart rate as well as blood pressure. Other...
5.
Endocrine System
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...body fluids and glucose, fat, and protein metabolism. The inner portion of the gland, the adrenal medulla, secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine, substances connected with the autonomic nervous system that help the body to respond...
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