FORT NECESSITY

entrenched camp built in July, 1754, by George Washington and his Virginia militia at Great Meadows (near the present Uniontown, Pa.). He retired there when he learned that the British fort at the forks of the Ohio (the site of Pittsburgh) had been captured (and renamed Fort Duquesne) by the French. In late May, 1754, a French patrol had been defeated and its leader killed in a surprise attack led by Washington near Great Meadows. A large French reprisal force attacked Fort Necessity and forced Washington to surrender on July 4. He secured easy terms from the French and departed for Virginia with all his surviving men and their baggage. These two skirmishes marked the opening of the last of the French and Indian Wars. Near Fort Necessity National Battlefield (see National Parks and Monuments, table) is the grave of the British general Edward Braddock.

____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Fort Necessity
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books on: Fort Necessity  - 22539 results

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1.
Fort Meade & the Black Hills
Book by Robert Lee; University of Nebraska Press, 1996
Subjects: Black Hills (S.D. and Wyo.)--History, Fort Meade (S.D.)--History, Frontier and pioneer life--Black Hills (S.D. and Wyo.), Frontier and pioneer life--South Dakota--Fort Meade Region, Indians of North America--Black Hills (S.D. and Wyo.)--History, Indians of North America--South Dakota--Fort Meade Region--History
...find a suitable location for the long-awaited permanent Hills fort, and the paper confidently predicted that Bear Butte would...Above all these considerations, he emphasized, was "the necessity for protecting the people and rendering a confidence" that...
2.
It Could Have Been Otherwise: Contingency and Necessity in Dominican Theology at Oxford, 1300-1350
Book by Hester Goodenough Gelber; Brill, 2004
Subjects: Contingency (Philosophy)--History--To 1500, Dominicans--England--Oxford--Theology--History--To 1500, Necessity (Philosophy)--History--To 1500, Philosophical Theology--History--To 1500
...HAVE BEEN OTHERWISE CONTINGENCY AND NECESSITY IN DOMINICAN THEOLOGY AT OXFORD, 1300-1350...Necessities 223 A Immutability Implies Necessity 224 B Necessities of Past and Consequent...explore their views about contingency and necessity. Establishing how their modal theories...
3.
A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay to the Northern Ocean, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772
Book by Samuel Hearne; Macmillan, 1958
Subjects: Indians Of North America--Northwest, Canadian, Natural History--Northwest, Canadian, Northwest Passage, Northwest, Canadian--Description And Travel--Early Works To 1800
...HEARNE A JOURNEY FROM PRINCE OF WALESS FORT IN HUDSONS BAY TO THE NORTHERN OCEAN...Hearne who surrendered Prince of Waless Fort on Hudson Bay to the French in 1782 had...Norton, the Governor of Prince of Waless Fort at Churchill. Norton was the half-breed...
4.
Struggle for the Heartland: The Campaigns from Fort Henry to Corinth
Book by Stephen D. Engle; University of Nebraska Press, 2001
Subjects: Alabama--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns, Kentucky--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns, Mississippi--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns, Tennessee--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns, United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Campaigns, United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Social Aspects
...rebellion after the fall of Fort Sumter brought quick responses...it was a matter of absolute necessity not only for the Northern...troops sent out of military necessity to Cairo and nearby Camp...the line between military necessity and civilian practicality...
5.
From Fort Laramie to Wounded Knee: In the West That Was
Book by Charles W. Allen, Richard E. Jensen; University of Nebraska Press, 1997
Subjects: Allen, Charles Wesley--1851-1942--Anecdotes, Dakota Indians--History--Anecdotes, Ghost Dance--Anecdotes, West (U.S.)--History--1860-1890--Anecdotes, West (U.S.)--History--1890-1945--Anecdotes, Wounded Knee Massacre, S.D., 1890--Anecdotes
From Fort Laramie to Wounded Knee From Fort Laramie to Wounded Knee In the West That Was Charles W...Cataloging-in-Publication Data Allen, Charles Wesley, 1851-1942. From Fort Laramie to Wounded Knee: in the West that was / Charles W. Allen...
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journal articles on: Fort Necessity  - 994 results

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1.
Job's Plight Revisited: The Necessity Defense and the Endangered Species Act.
Journal article by Anne Lindquist; Environmental Law, Vol. 33, 2003
Subjects: Endangered Species Act of 1973, Endangered species--Laws, regulations, etc., Landowners--Laws, regulations, etc., Necessity (Law)--Analysis
...of property, (75) and religious necessity (76)--raised by citizens against...Hutson, Jr., a tree farm owner in Fort Lewis, Washington. (82) For decades...bureaucracy." (86) III. THE DEFENSE OF NECESSITY Necessity represents a common law justification...
2.
The Lynching Massacre of Black and White Soldiers at Fort Pillow, Tennessee, April 12, 1864
Journal article by James D. Lockett; The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 22, 1998
Subjects: Lynching--History, Massacres--United States, Soldiers--Crimes against, United States history--Civil War, 1861-1865
...supremacy. Fort Pillow is unique for having been both a confederate and Union fort that was attacked by both sides. The Confederate states of America recognized the necessity for defending against a Union invasion of the South by way of the Mississippi...
3.
Health Care for Illegal Aliens: Why It Is a Necessity
Journal article by Shari B. Fallek; Houston Journal of International Law, Vol. 19, 1997
Subjects: Communicable diseases--Political aspects, Illegal aliens--Care and treatment, Public health--Political aspects
...Maria F. Durand, Immigrant Proposal Spurs Memories of Tyler Case, Fort Worth Star-Tel., Nov. 4, 1994, at 1; Thaddeus Herrick, Most Texans...See 2 Texas Groups Urge Boycott of Products from California, Fort Worth Star-Tel., Nov. 18, 1994, at 4. (124.) See id; see also...
4.
Corporate Hypergoals, Sustainable Peace, and the Adapted Firm
Journal article by Thomas W. Dunfee, Timothy L. Fort; Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 36, 2003
Subjects: Corporate governance--Planning, Goal setting--Political aspects, Peace--Planning, Strategic planning (Business)--Social aspects
...business citizenship is a necessity for the survival and health...corporation. For example, Timothy Fort offers the notion of Business...note that hypergoals must, of necessity, be generally compatible with...corporate governance as well. As Fort has argued, it is important...
5.
Adapting Corporate Governance for Sustainable Peace
Journal article by Timothy L. Fort, Cindy A. Schipani; Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 36, 2003
Subjects: Corporate governance--International aspects, International business enterprises--Political activity, Peace--Planning
...become mediating institutions. As Timothy Fort has argued, there are both moral and neurobiological...diplomacy. (+) Copyright 2002. Timothy L. Fort Cindy A. Schipani. All rights reserved...13.) Id. (14.) Id. (15.) Timothy L. Fort Cindy A. Schipani, The Role of the Corporation...
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magazine articles on: Fort Necessity  - 181 results

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1.
Fort Leavenworth and the Eclipse of Nationhood
Magazine article by Robert D. Kaplan; The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 278, September 1996
Subjects: Fort Leavenworth, Kansas--History, Military art and science--Analysis, Military education--Training, Military personnel--Training, Military science--Analysis, United States--Military policy
...nationalism is "an inwardly-determined social necessity, a growth-stage, located somewhere in...Liberty speak specifically to ideals. Fort Leavenworth, built where the prairie meets...it is an Army base, or a war college, Fort Leavenworth is a living museum. Late-eighteenth-century...
2.
Fort Leavenworth and the Eclipse of Nationhood
Magazine article by Rober D Kaplan; The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 278, September 1996
Subjects: United States. Armed Forces, United States--Military policy
...nationalism is "an inwardly-determined social necessity, a `growth-stage, located somewhere in...Liberty speak specifically to ideals. Fort Leavenworth, built where the prairie meets...it is an Army base, or a war college, Fort Leavenworth is a living museum. Late-eighteenth-century...
3.
The American Miracle
Magazine article by Dennis Behreandt; The New American, Vol. 18, December 16, 2002
...lack of supplies, he christened "Fort Necessity." Coming across a French force...after Washingtons surrender at Fort Necessity, the task of driving the French...curious origins at Washingtons Fort Necessity, through the twists and turns...
4.
Father of Our Country: George Washington Sacrificed for His Country's Well-Being and Never Sought Personal Gain. with His Leadership and Moral Character, He Embodied the True Spirit of America
Magazine article by Thomas R. Eddlem; The New American, Vol. 19, April 7, 2003
Subjects: United States--History, United States--Personalities, Washington, George--History
...believe that Washingtons surrender to French terms at his Fort Necessity in 1754 could have started the Seven Years War, or, as...for Henry Knox to bring cannons up from newly captured Fort Ticonderoga. During the tense nine months between Bunker...
5.
Rights and Conflicts
Magazine article by David B. Jr. Rivkin, Carlos Ramos-Mrosovsky; National Review, Vol. 57, November 21, 2005
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, The Powers of War and Peace: The Constitution and Foreign Affairs After 9/11 (Book)--Book reviews
...before war with France was officially declared. Similarly, Major George Washington fought his celebrated action at Fort Necessity two years before Parliament "declared" the Seven Years War. In the minds of the Founders, then, "to declare war" had...
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newspaper articles on: Fort Necessity  - 83 results

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1.
Fort Augusta Key to Saving Pennsylvania; Enabled British to March West, Drive out French
Newspaper article; The Washington Times (Washington, DC), July 23, 2009
Subjects: French and Indian War, 1754-1763, Seven Years' War, 1756-1763, United States history--French and Indian War, 1755-1763
...George Washingtons militia force at Fort Necessity, located south of modern day Pittsburgh...frontier near where the French built Fort Duquesne (at the junction of the...of British-Colonial defenses was Fort Augusta, built at the strategic confluence...
2.
Jefferson Davis and His Fort Sumter Decision
Newspaper article by Terry Walbert; The Washington Times, May 6, 2000
Subjects: Davis, Jefferson, Lincoln, Abraham
...of the Govt. at Washington in respect to the evacuation of Fort Sumter or entertained any confidence in the disposition of...concession or yield any point to which it is not driven by absolute necessity," Walker wrote. "Govern yourself generally with strict reference...
3.
FORT SMITH AT PEACE; History Buffs, Nature Lovers Replace Soldiers
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, May 11, 2003
...important, especially now that were in a conflict, to show them that war is sometimes a necessity, but its also a tragedy." +++++ When you go: Location: Fort C.F. Smith Park is at 2411 N. 24th St. in Arlington between Interstate 66 and George...
4.
Fort Celebrates the Common Soldier
Newspaper article by Daniel F. Drummond; The Washington Times, October 2, 2000
...soldier and his weaponry over the centuries demonstrated at Fort Washington Park. But one thing has not changed - without...running." Because of warfares technological advances and a necessity to survive, soldiers - especially Americans - have become more...
5.
For Some, It's Christmas at Fort Clatsop
Newspaper article; The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), December 25, 2005
...thousands of miles away. Had just moved into 50-foot-by-50-foot Fort Clatsop, whose roof wasnt finished. And - you think Cousin...concisted of pore Elk, So much Spoiled that we eate it thro mear necessity." Cold. Wet. Hungry. Two hundred years later, the homeless...
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encyclopedia articles on: Fort Necessity  - 16 results

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1.
Fort Necessity
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
FORT NECESSITY entrenched camp built in July, 1754...large French reprisal force attacked Fort Necessity and forced Washington to surrender on...the French and Indian Wars . Near Fort Necessity National Battlefield (see National...
2.
Necessity, Fort
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
NECESSITY, FORT see Fort Necessity . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
3.
Fort Duquesne
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...New France. George Washingtons Virginia militia had failed to reach the fort before the arrival of the French (see Fort Necessity ). Fort Duquesne was also the goal of an unsuccessful expedition under English Gen. Edward Braddock in 1755. On Nov...
4.
Great Meadows
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
GREAT MEADOWS see Fort Necessity . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
5.
Lewis, Andrew
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Indian fighter. In 1754, at the beginning of the French and Indian War, he was with George Washington at the defeat at Fort Necessity. He led an unsuccessful expedition (the Sandy Creek expedition) against tribes in the Ohio country in 1756. He is...
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