FREON

frēˈŏn [trade name], any one of a special class of chemical compounds that are used as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, and solvents. These compounds are haloalkanes, i.e., halogen derivatives of saturated hydrocarbons (see alkane). Every Freon contains at least some fluorine in its molecule, and most contain chlorine or bromine as well. Freons are generally colorless, odorless, nontoxic, noncorrosive, nonflammable, and chemically unreactive. The most commonly used is Freon-12, or dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2), which boils at −29.8 degrees Celsius and is thus a gas at ordinary temperatures and pressures. It is prepared by the reaction of carbon tetrachloride with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst. There are a number of other Freons. Some of those containing bromine in their molecules are used in fire extinguishers. See also chlorofluorocarbons.

____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Freon
We found: 385 results
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books on: Freon  - 180 results

       More book Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Terrorism and Public Health: A Balanced Approach to Strengthening Systems and Protecting People
Book by Barry S. Levy, Victor W. Sidel; Oxford University Press, 2003
Subjects: Disaster Medicine, Emergency Management, Emergency Medical Services, Health Planning, Public Health, Terrorism--Health Aspects, Terrorism--Prevention, Weapons Of Mass Destruction--Health Aspects
...Polynuclear aromatic 110 0 8 7.3 3 hydrocarbons Freon-22, hydrogen 208 od 0 fluoride, phosgene...polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and Freon. OSHA does not have a dioxin standard...levels. DOSHA does not have a standard for Freon. Only one sample had detectable levels...
2.
Technology and the Wealth of Nations
Book by Nathan Rosenberg, Ralph Landau, David C. Mowery; Stanford University, 1992
Subjects: Research, Industrial--Economic Aspects, Technological Innovations--Economic Aspects, Technology--Economic Aspects
...underground trains, we had decided to use freon heat exchangers, an indirect system...the heat transfer coefficients against freon velocity and temperature. As in the previous...to find in the required form because the freon we were interested in had only just come...
3.
Development and Transfer of Pollution Prevention Technology
Book by Ann Rappaport; Quorum Books, 1993
Subjects: Factory And Trade Waste--Management--Case Studies, Pollution Prevention--Technological Innovations, Pollution--Technological Innovations, Technology Transfer
...alkaline cleaning Substitution of raw materials Replace Freon cleaner with air system Substitution of raw materials Replace Freon cleaner with alkaline cleaning Substitution of raw materials Replace Freon cleaner with alkaline cleaning Substitution of raw...
4.
Scientific American Inventions and Discoveries: All the Milestones in Ingenuity--From the Discovery of Fire to the Invention of the Microwave Oven
Book by Rodney Carlisle; Wiley, 2004
Subjects: Inventions--History--Encyclopedias, Inventions--United States--Encyclopedias, Technological Innovations--Encyclopedias, Technology--History--Encyclopedias
...hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon that was trade-named Freon V by the du Pont company. From the late 1930s until the 1990s, Freon was widely used as a refrigerant. However, it was discovered that escaping Freon rises to the upper atmosphere, where it yields...
5.
Old Master Prints and Drawings: A Guide to Preservation and Conservation
Book by Carlo James, Marjorie B. Cohn, Caroline Corrigan, Marie Christine Enshaian, Marie Rose Greca; Amsterdam University Press, 1997
Subjects: Drawing--Conservation And Restoration, Paper--Preservation, Prints--Conservation And Restoration
...highly volatile solvent, in most cases Freon TM . Some inks and coloring materials are...methanol, 11 even though a high proportion of Freon diminishes the risk of solubility. XVII...Magnesium methoxide in a methyl alcohol/Freon solution is an effective deacidification...
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journal articles on: Freon  - 34 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-34 >>  
 
1.
Are Democracy and Common Property Possible on Our Small Earth?
Journal article by James A. Swaney; Journal of Economic Issues, Vol. 37, 2003
Subjects: Democracy--Economic aspects, Environmental policy--Analysis, Public lands--Economic aspects, Public lands--Environmental aspects
...responsible for both leaded gasoline and Freon, both considered for decades to be marvelous...dichlorofluoromethane, the first version of Freon. "In front of a large audience at the...nontoxic and nonflammable properties of Freon by inhaling a lungful and then slowly exhaling...
2.
Annual Survey of Fidelity and Surety Law, 1999--part Ii
Journal article by Ronald A. May, R. Earl Welbaum, Randall I. Marmor, Roger P. Sauer; Defense Counsel Journal, Vol. 67, 2000
Subjects: Bonds, Federal court decisions, State court decisions, Sureties, United States
...involved an alleged loss of 439 canisters of freon from the plaintiffs storage facility...plaintiff had failed to meet that burden. The freon was stored in a locked "cage" surrounded...Moreover, the fence could be climbed and the freon thrown over the top. Person providing...
3.
Clearing the Air: A Model for Investigating Indoor Air Quality in Texas Schools
Journal article by Sharon A. Petronella, Rachel Thomas, James A. Stone, Randall M. Goldblum, Edward G. Brooks; Journal of Environmental Health, Vol. 67, 2005
Subjects: Environmental health--Planning, Indoor air quality--Testing, Schools--Environmental aspects, Schools--Management, Schools--Texas
...Dichlorodifluoromethane/ <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 freon 1,2-Dichloroethane <0.001 <0...Dichlorodifluoromethane/ 10,000 1,000 1,000 freon 1,2-Dichloroethane 40 1 10 1,1...400 Dichlorodifluoromethane/ 100 1,000 freon 1,2-Dichloroethane 1 1 1,1-Dichloro...
4.
Chinese Official Calls for Greater R&d Effort
Journal article by Norman Wingrove; Research Technology Management, Vol. 37, 1994
Subjects: Expansion, International, Joint ventures, Peoples Republic of China, R&D
...It has concentrated its efforts on developing substitutes for Freon, which is widely used as a refrigerant, and for Halon, which...claims to have developed a large number of safe replacements for Freon, some of which are now being tested by the refrigeration industry...
5.
The Nonlethal Weapons Debate
Journal article by Margaret-Anne Coppernoll; Naval War College Review, Vol. 52, 1999
Subjects: Department of Defense, Military weapons, Technology
...That Deplete the Ozone Layer. Dichlorodifluoromethane, or Freon-12, which constitutes 30-32 percent of sticky foam, is...Protection Agency regulations banned production and consumption of Freon-12 after 31 December 1995.27 Relatedly under the CWC, barrier...
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magazine articles on: Freon  - 72 results

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1.
Freon-free Fridge
Magazine article by Robert Langreth; Popular Science, Vol. 246, April 1995
Subjects: Electric & Gas Technology Inc, R&D, Refrigeration, Refrigerators, Research & development, Technology
Freon-free Fridge by Robert Langreth A Texas company claims its prototype refrigerator will revolutionize cooling the way microwave...
2.
Chilling with Sound Waves, Not Freon an Eco-hip Acoustic Fridge Debuts. but Is Anyone Listening?
Magazine article by Laura Allen; Popular Science, Vol. 265, July 2004
Chilling with Sound Waves, Not Freon an Eco-hip Acoustic Fridge Debuts. but Is Anyone Listening?; by Laura Allen For the sake of the scoop, Ben Jerrys managed...
3.
Shuttle Tragedy Debate Continues
Magazine article by John Berlau; Insight on the News, October 14, 2003
Subjects: Boehlert, Sherwood L.--Attitudes, Boehlert, Sherwood L.--Records and correspondence, Columbia Accident Investigation Board--Reports, Columbia Space Shuttle Accident, 2003--Causes of, Columbia Space Shuttle Accident, 2003--Investigations, Foamed materials--Usage, Insight on the News (Periodical)--Attitudes, Osheroff, Douglas D.--Attitudes, Osheroff, Douglas D.--Employment, Physicists--Attitudes, Physicists--Employment, Space shuttles--Design and construction, Space shuttles--Materials, Space shuttles--Safety and security measures, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration--Science and technology policy, United States--Environmental policy, United States--Science and technology policy
...its certainly possible" that a piece of freon-free foam - which NASA switched to in...because of claims by environmentalists that freon was damaging the ozone layer - may have...were laboring to bar almost all uses of freon see "Lost in Space," Aug. 19-Sept...
4.
American Ground: Unbuilding the World Trade Center: After Nine Months of Unrivaled Access to the Disaster Site, Our Correspondent Tells the Inside Story of the Recovery Effort. This Is the First Installment in a Three-Part Series
Magazine article by William Langewiesche; The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 290, July 2002
Subjects: Search and rescue operations--Management, World Trade Center and Pentagon Attacks, 2001--Social aspects
...capable of holding up to 24,000 pounds of dangerous Freon gas. Freon is a manufactured product containing chlorofluorocarbons...unable to move fast. To make matters worse, if the Freon cloud came in contact with open flames, of which there...
5.
American Ground: Unbuilding the World Trade Center. after Nine Months of Unrivaled Access to the Disaster Site, Our Correspondent Tells the Inside Story of the Recovery Effort. This Is the First Installment ..
Magazine article by William Langewiesche; The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 290, July 2002
Subjects: Rescue work, World Trade Center and Pentagon Attacks, 2001
...capable of holding up to 24,000 pounds of dangerous Freon gas. Freon is a manufactured product containing chloro-fluorocarbons...unable to move fast. To make matters worse, if the Freon cloud came in contact with open flames, of which there...
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newspaper articles on: Freon  - 92 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Freon Ban Is Not All Bad News for Drivers
Newspaper article by Eric Peters; The Washington Times, November 22, 1996
Freon ban is not all bad news for drivers by Eric...the air-conditioning refrigerant R-12 (Freon) remain adequate for now, owners of cars...the years to come as remaining stocks of Freon dwindle. A total ban on the U.S. manufacture...
2.
Adding Freon Did Not Cool Situation with Jeep
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), June 17, 2006
Subjects: Automobile industry
Adding Freon Did Not Cool Situation with Jeep. Byline: Scot...blowing cool, not cold air so I tried adding some Freon but the pressure on both gauges seemed too high. Adding some Freon did not really make the outlet air colder and I believe...
3.
LTO Will Not Register Vehicles Using Freon
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, June 9, 2005
LTO Will Not Register Vehicles Using Freon. Byline: JC BELLO RUIZ The Land Transportation...manufactured in 1999 or older if they are using freon in their airconditioners. LTO executive...sasakyan na may aircon na gumagamit ng freon," Bermundo said. (We make this announcement...
4.
Lack of Freon Doesn't Leave Ford Taurus out in the Cold
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), July 1, 2006
Lack of Freon Doesnt Leave Ford Taurus out in the Cold. Byline: Scot Manna Dear Scot: With Freon no longer available what do I do about my...longer blows cold air? The system uses Freon. Any help with this problem will be greatly...
5.
2.6-M Cars Using Hazardous Freon -- LTO
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, September 4, 2006
Subjects: Automobiles
2.6-M Cars Using Hazardous Freon -- LTO. Byline: JC BELLO RUIZ Some 2.6 million or 46 percent...phase out chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), more popularly known as "freon," with the country being a signatory to the Montreal Protocol...
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encyclopedia articles on: Freon  - 7 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-7 >>  
 
1.
Freon
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
FREON fre on trade name, any one of a special...saturated hydrocarbons (see alkane ). Every Freon contains at least some fluorine in its molecule...chemically unreactive. The most commonly used is Freon-12, or dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl 2...
2.
Carbon Tetrachloride
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...high temperatures to form the poisonous gas phosgene. Carbon tetrachloride is used in the production of Freon refrigerants, e.g., Freon-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane). Because it is not flammable and is a good solvent for fats, oils, and...
3.
Hydrogen Fluoride
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...surface of the glass etched. Major industrial uses of hydrogen fluoride include the synthesis of fluorocarbons (e.g., Freon and teflon) and the production of aluminum fluoride and synthetic cryolite for use in aluminum refining. It is also employed...
4.
Methane
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...material for the synthesis of solvents, e.g., methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride, and of some of the Freon refrigerants. ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of...
5.
Chlorine
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...have become very troublesome environmental pollutants. Carbon tetrachloride and trichloroethylene are used as solvents. The Freon refrigerants are hydrocarbons that have been reacted with chlorine and fluorine. Chlorine is an important constituent of many...
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