FUMARIC ACID

fyoomărˈĭk or trans-butenedioic acid, HO2CCH(double bond)CHCO2H, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that melts at 287 degrees Celsius. Maleic acid, or cis-butenedioic acid, is a geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it melts at about 140 degrees Celsius. Of the two isomers fumaric acid is the more stable and can be prepared from maleic acid by heating it. Fumaric acid can be prepared by catalytic oxidation of benzene or by bacterial action on glucose. It is found in small amounts in a variety of plants and is essential to the respiration of animal and vegetable tissue. Fumaric acid is used as a substitute for tartaric acid in beverages and baking powder. It is used as a mordant in dyeing and in the manufacture of synthetic resins and polyhydric alcohols.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Fumaric Acid
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books on: Fumaric Acid  - 43 results

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1.
Unity and Diversity in Biochemistry: An Introduction to Chemical Biology
Book by Marcel Florkin, T. Wood; Pergamon Press, 1960
Subjects: Biochemistry
...Succinic Succinic anhydride Fumaric acid COOH.CH: CH.COOH, heated at...maleic acid. Maleic acid Fumaric acid e Hydroxy-acids...transformed into maleic and fumaric acids, and citric acid COOH.CH 2 C OH . COOH . CH...
2.
Manometric Techniques: A Manual Describing Methods Applicable to the Study of Tissue Metabolism
Book by W. W. Umbreit, R. H. Burris, J. F. Stauffer; Burgess Pub. Co., 1957
Subjects: Tissue Metabolism
...strengthened by our observation of battered and acid marred copies of "Manometric Techniques...phosphorus per hour, or per mg. nucleic acid phosphorus per hour. = l. O 2 taken...that the carbon dioxide forms carbonic acid which dissociates to form H + and HCO...
3.
Dictionary of Bio-Chemistry and Related Subjects
Book by William Marias Malisoff; Philosophical Library, 1943
Subjects: Biochemistry--Dictionaries
...officinalis. ASPARTASE An enzyme found in Bacterium Coli that splits out ammonia from aspartic acid yielding fumaric acid. l-ASPARTIC ACID Amino-succinic acid; C4H7O4N; an acid amino acid present in animal and vegetable proteins...
4.
Folk Wisdom and Mother Wit: John Lee, an African American Herbal Healer
Book by Arvilla Payne-Jackson, John Lee, Linda Kempton Armstrong; Greenwood Press, 1993
Subjects: Herbalists--North Carolina, Herbs--Therapeutic Use--North Carolina, Lee, John--1910-, Materia Medica, Vegetable--North Carolina, Traditional Medicine--North Carolina
...ferulic acid, formaldehyde, formic acid, fumaric acid, galactose, glucose, glycolic...acid, formic acid, D- fructose, fumaric-acid, galactose, galacturonic acid...acid, ferulic acid, L-fructose, fumaric acid, gentisic acid, D-glucose, P-hydroxybenzoic...
5.
Pasteur: The History of a Mind
Book by Ėmile Duclaux, Erwin F. Smith, Florence Hedges; W.B. Saunders Company, 1920
Subjects: Pasteur, Louis--1822-1895
...acid, the second maleic acid and a fumaric acid identical with that which is derived...acid, malic acid, maleic acid, and fumaric acid. In this continued degradation...permanently: this is at the maleic or fumaric acid boundary. But it happened in 1850...
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journal articles on: Fumaric Acid  - 1 result

 
 
1.
Rapid Increases in the Steady-State Concentration of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Lungs and Heart after Particulate Air Pollution Inhalation
Journal article by Sonia A. Gurgueira, Joy Lawrence, Brent Coull, G.G. Krishna Murthy, Beatriz Gonzalez-Flecha; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 110, 2002
...chemistry. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 158:81-91. Racker E. 1950. Spectrophotometric measurements of the enzymatic formation of fumaric and cis-aconitic acids. Biochim Biophys Acta 4:211-214. Rohrdanz E, Schmuck G, Ohler S, Tran-Thi QH, Kahl R. 2001. Changes...


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newspaper articles on: Fumaric Acid  - 2 results

 
 
1.
Tax on Cows' Wind No Laughing Matter; Methane Emissions Trading Scheme for Farms Branded 'Nuts' FARM & COUNTRY
Newspaper article; Daily Post (Liverpool, England), January 11, 2007
...already developed a new methane-reduction diet for cows. The feed, a mixture of organic sugars and bacteria based on fumaric acid, is reported to have cut methane emissions by 70%. Meanwhile Well Cow, a collaboration between the Roslin Institute...
2.
Latest Target in Lib Dems'green Crusade . . . F Latulent Cows
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), January 4, 2007
Subjects: Cattle--Environmental aspects, Greenhouse gases, Political parties
...by scientists at the Rowett Research Institute in Aberdeen. They introduced an additive into the cows feed based on fumaric acid, a naturally occurring chemical essential to respiration of animal and vegetable tissues. In some tests, it is said...


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encyclopedia articles on: Fumaric Acid  - 6 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-6 >>  
 
1.
Fumaric Acid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
FUMARIC ACID fyoomar ik or trans -butenedioic...butenedioic acid, is a geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it melts at about 140 degrees Celsius. Of the two isomers fumaric acid is the more stable and can be prepared...
2.
-Butenedioic Acid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
TRANS -BUTENEDIOIC ACID IUPAC name for fumaric acid . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
3.
Maleic Acid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
MALEIC ACID m le ik: see fumaric acid . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
4.
-Butenedioic Acid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
CIS -BUTENEDIOIC ACID sis-byoo tendi oik, IUPAC name for maleic acid; see fumaric acid . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
5.
Tartaric Acid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...hydroxide. Tartaric acids can be synthesized from maleic acids or fumaric acids by reaction with aqueous potassium permanganate. The...differ in such physical properties as boiling point. Tartaric acid is used chiefly in the form of its salts, e.g., cream of tartar...
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