GLUCAGON

glooˈkəgŏn, hormone secreted by the α cells of the islets of Langerhans, specific groups of cells in the pancreas. It tends to counteract the action of insulin, i.e., it raises the concentration of glucose in the blood. Glucagon was first purified and crystallized in 1955; the amino acid sequence of this 29-amino acid polypeptide (see peptide) was published in 1956–57. One of the most important actions of glucagon is the promotion of glycogenolysis, i.e., the degradation of glycogen to glucose, in the liver. Glucagon stimulates adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate to 3′5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP).

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Glucagon
We found: 244 results
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books on: Glucagon  - 130 results

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1.
Diabetes Demystified
Book by Umesh Masharani M.D.; McGraw-Hill, 2008
Subjects: Diabetes--Popular Works
...Do you need advice from your medical team? GLUCAGON INJECTION Injection of glucagon causes release of glucose from glycogen stores...liver. If you are on insulin, keep an emergency glucagon kit at home and at work. Family members and...
2.
Encyclopedia of the Human Brain - Vol. 3
Book by V. S. Ramachandran; Academic Press, 2002
Subjects: Brain--Encyclopedias, Neurology--Encyclopedias, Neurosciences--Encyclopedias
...the parasympathetic nerves is to stimulate glucagon secretion during hypoglycemia, which provides...the liver, but the primary involvement of glucagon in this respect has been established. The glucagon response to hypoglycemia is due to direct...
3.
Hunger: A Biopsychological Analysis
Book by Saul Balagura; Basic Books, 1973
Subjects: Hunger--Psychological Aspects, Psychophysiology
Administration of glucagon, originally discovered as a contaminant...through the central nervous system. Glucagon is ineffectual in reducing gastric...lesions. 92 The hyperglycemic action of glucagon is shared by another hormone, epinephrine...
4.
Disease in Populations in Transition: Anthropological and Epidemiological Perspectives
Book by Alan C. Swedlund, George J. Armelagos; Bergin & Garvey, 1990
Subjects: Communicable Diseases, Environmental Health, Human Ecology
...enhanced. Gluconeogenesis is promoted by glucagon, epinephrine, and glucocorticoids...antagonists Kraus-Friedmann 1984 . Plasma glucagon levels increase in normal individuals...carbohydrate diets, and exercise triples glucagon levels Ibid. . There is, in addition...
5.
The Structure and Function of Muscle
Book by G. H. Bourne; Academic Press, 1960
Subjects: Muscles
...the blood Ingle et al. , 1955 . B. GLUCAGON The hyperglycemic factor obtained from...thought to arise in the cells, called glucagon, is glycogenolytic in liver but has...notable degree reviewed by de Duve, 1953 . Glucagon is said not to cause an increase in blood...
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journal articles on: Glucagon  - 28 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-28 >>  
 
1.
Pancreatic Effects of EDCs: Low Doses Can Impair Glucagon Secretion
Journal article by Julia R. Barrett; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 113, 2005
Subjects: Cell research, Cytological research, Estrogen--Dosage and administration, Estrogens--Dosage and administration
...Effects of EDCs: Low Doses Can Impair Glucagon Secretion. by Julia R. Barrett Endocrine...islet of Langerhans. These cells secrete glucagon and insulin, respectively, hormones...channel; these oscillations trigger glucagon secretion. Glucagon regulates functions...
2.
Relationship of Pax6 Activity Levels to the Extent of Eye Development in the Mouse, Mus Musculus
Journal article by Jack Favor, Christian Johannes Gloeckner, Angelika Neuhäuser-Klaus, Walter Pretsch, Rodica Sandulache, Simon Saule, Irmgard Zaus; Genetics, Vol. 179, 2008
Subjects: Amino acids, Animals, DNA, Data bases, Eye Proteins, Genes, Genetics, Genotype & phenotype, Glucagon, Histology, Homeodomain Proteins, Mutation, PAX6 protein, Paired Box Transcription Factors, Pituitary gland, Repressor Proteins, Studies
...Sequencing, DNA binding assay, and glucagon-promoter assay: RNA and genomic DNA...132 mutant gene products we carried out glucagon-promoter assays (RITZ-LASER et al...cell development and expression of glucagon (ST-ONGE et al. 1997). Transcriptional...
3.
Low Doses of Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol Impair [Ca.Sup.2+
Journal article by Paloma Alonso-Magdalena, Ouahiba Laribi, Ana B. Ropero, Esther Fuentes, Cristina Ripoll, Bernat Soria, Angel Nadal; Vol. 113, 2005
...Cristina Ripoll , Bernat Soria , Angel Nadal Glucagon, secreted from pancreatic alpha-cells...alpha-cells, the signal that triggers glucagon secretion. This action has a rapid onset...environmental estrogens, estrogen receptors, glucagon, islets of Langerhans, nongenomic...
4.
Effects of Alcohol Consumption and Accompanying Diet on Metabolic Response to Arginine in Chronic Alcoholics
Journal article by A. Pezzarossa, D. Dazzi, R. Negro, C. Cervigni, P.P. Vescovi; Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 60, 1999
Subjects: Alcoholics--Physiological aspects, Arginine--Physiological aspects, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Physiological aspects, Glucose metabolism--Research
...IN CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS the secretion of glucagon plays an important role, since the ratio of insulin to glucagon can either modify hepatic metabolism...these subjects the release of insulin and glucagon is affected by the metabolic effects...
5.
Developmental Effects of Chlorpyrifos Extend beyond Neurotoxicity: Critical Periods for Immediate and Delayed-Onset Effects on Cardiac and Hepatic Cell Signaling
Journal article by Armando Meyer, Frederic J. Seidler, Theodore A. Slotkin; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 112, 2004
...sup.2+); to isoproterenol and glucagon, which activate signaling through specific...beta-adrenoceptors (betaARs), and glucagon receptors (Figure 1). CPF is concentrated...coupled receptors, the betaAR, and glucagon receptor, using 100 microM isoproterenol...
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magazine articles on: Glucagon  - 50 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Sitagliptin-a Newer Treatment Option for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Magazine article by Pharmd Janene M Pharm Rigelsky Bs, Maureen Pharmd Brady, Hannah Pharmd Howell, Jessica Pharmd Jolls; Drug Topics, Vol. 152, October 13, 2008
Subjects: Diabetes, FDA approval, Medical treatment, Pharmaceutical industry, Research & development--R&D, United States
...insulin from the pancreatic beta cells and glucagon from the pancreatic alpha cells. After...blood glucose levels. Conversely, since glucagon increases blood glucose levels in the...glucose production, the secretion of glucagon is suppressed after the ingestion of...
2.
Fast Facts about Hormones
Magazine article; Nutrition Health Review, 2009
Subjects: Cancer, Diabetes, Hormone replacement therapy, Womens health
...appears to involve the suppression of glucagon, a hormone produced by the pancreas...raises glucose levels. Normally, glucagon is released when the blood glucose...In insulin deficiency, however, glucagon levels are inappropriately high...
3.
Latelines
Magazine article; Drug Topics, Vol. 142, July 6, 1998
...pocket charges will be allowed. Recombinant glucagon approved GlucaGen (glucagon rDNA origin for injection), made by Novo Nordisk...product, which is chemically identical to human glucagon, is known to cause the liver to release glucose...
4.
The Exploding Problem of Diabetes
Magazine article by Jillene Magills-Lewis; Drug Topics, Vol. 145, May 7, 2001
Subjects: Bayer Corp, Bayer Precose, CDC, Centers for Disease Control, Diabetes, Disease control, Manycompanies, Manyproducts, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp, Novartis Starlix, Novo Nordisk AS, Novo Nordisk Prandin, Parke-Davis & Co, Parke-Davis Resulin, Prescription drugs, Public health, United States
...minimal. A peptide found in the GI tract, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), has...increase insulin secretion and decrease glucagon and hepatic glucose production. Practical...produced a decrease in PPG. It also reduced glucagon, triglycerides, and gastric emptying...
5.
Probing the Pancreas
Magazine article by Craig D. Reid; FDA Consumer, Vol. 30, October 1996
Subjects: Cystic fibrosis--Care and treatment, Diabetes mellitus--Care and treatment, Diabetes--Care and treatment, Gemzar (Medication)--Laws, regulations and rules, Pancreas--Care and treatment, Pancreatic cancer--Care and treatment, Pancreatitis--Care and treatment
...and secretes the hormones insulin and glucagon directly into the blood. Endocrine tissue...produce insulin and alpha cells produce glucagon. These hormones regulate blood glucose...somatostatin, which inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion. Diabetes A deficiency of...
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newspaper articles on: Glucagon  - 31 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-31 >>  
 
1.
The Zone Diet; This New High-Protein Eating Regime Is Being Hailed by Hollywood Stars as a Godsend. but Could It Prove to Be a Health Hazard Too?
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 28, 1996
...reason is that carbohydrates also suppress a hormone, called glucagon. Normally, this hormone performs the useful function of releasing...comfortable level. Eat more protein, advises Sears, and your glucagon levels will rise to balance your levels of insulin. Always...
2.
The Zone Diet; EXCLUSIVE: A GROUND-BREAKING NEW EATING REGIME
Newspaper article; The Mirror (London, England), January 14, 1999
...HAVE some protein at every meal. Proteins primary hormonal role is to stimulate the release of glucagon, which is a mobilisation hormone. Glucagon also controls insulin output. But be careful about eating too much protein and never consume any...
3.
Hazel Hooper's Health Diary
Newspaper article; Daily Examiner (Grafton, Australia), July 22, 2009
Subjects: Diabetes, Diabetes mellitus
...actually two diseases, both involving interactions between glucagon and insulin - sounding like two characters from The Bold and...insulin to lower the level and when the glucose level is low, glucagon is released. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas doesnt produce...
4.
WILD WAYS TO GET WELL! from Deer Antlers for Treating Arthritis to Bee Venom for Allergies.The Hidden Healing Powers of the Animal Kingdom
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), June 22, 2010
...pancreas to produce more insulin in response to raised blood sugar. It was shown to act in a similar way to the human hormone glucagon- like-peptide-1 (GLP-1). In healthy humans, GLP-1 triggers the production of insulin in the pancreas when blood...
5.
Diabetes Robbed Us of Our One in a Million Daughter; Frantic Family Tried in Vain to Wake Talented Tammy
Newspaper article; Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland), June 14, 2010
...suffered a hypoglycaemic attack in her sleep. Tammys frantic dad Thomas, 53, performed CPR and gave her an injection of glucagon in a desperate attempt to raise her blood sugar levels. She was then taken from her home in Airdrie, Lanarkshire, to nearby...
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encyclopedia articles on: Glucagon  - 5 results

 
 
1.
Glucagon
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
GLUCAGON gloo k gon, hormone secreted by the cells...concentration of glucose in the blood. Glucagon was first purified and crystallized in...One of the most important actions of glucagon is the promotion of glycogenolysis, i...
2.
Pancreas
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...that secrete two hormones, insulin and glucagon. The pancreatic islets contain several...2 cells, which produce the hormone glucagon; beta cells, which manufacture the...stored carbohydrate) in the liver; glucagon has the opposite action. Failure of...
3.
Endocrine System
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...pancreas, called the islets of Langerhans, secretes insulin , which regulates the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood and glucagon , which raises blood sugar level. The thymus, sometimes considered another endocrine gland, processes lymphocytes in newborn...
4.
Insulin
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...certain cases of mild diabetes, oral medications that stimulate production of insulin can be taken in lieu of insulin. See glucagon . ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University...
5.
Hormone
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...produce at least small amounts of all of the steroid hormones. The islets of Langerhans in the pancreas secrete insulin , glucagon , and somatostatin. The kidneys also produce erythropoietin, which produces erythrocytes (red blood cells). The passage...


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