HAWKINS, SIR JOHN

1532–95, English admiral. In 1562–63 and in 1564–65 he led extremely profitable expeditions that captured slaves on the W African coast, shipped them across the Atlantic, and sold them, despite Spanish prohibition, in Spanish ports in the West Indies. Hawkins set out on a similar expedition in 1567, but he fell afoul of a Spanish squadron in San Juan de Ulúa, the port of Veracruz, and barely escaped with three of his boats, one of which was commanded by his kinsman Francis Drake. Probably acting as an agent for Lord Burghley, Hawkins pretended to betray Queen Elizabeth I in offering (1571) his services to the Spanish, in order to obtain the release of prisoners and to discover plans for the proposed Spanish invasion of England. In 1571 he entered Parliament and subsequently became treasurer and comptroller of the navy. In this capacity he made a number of important improvements in ship construction and rigging. His enemies charged him with using his office to his personal financial advantage, but he was exonerated after an inquiry by a royal commission. In the great defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588), Hawkins commanded the Victory and was knighted for his services. In 1595 he set out on a new expedition to the West Indies under Drake but died and was buried at sea off Puerto Rico.

See biography by J. A. Williamson (2d. ed. 1969); K. R. Andrews, ed., The Last Voyage of Drake and Hawkins (1972).

____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Hawkins Sir John
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books on: Hawkins Sir John  - 5566 results

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1.
The Life and Activities of Sir John Hawkins: Musician, Magistrate, and Friend of Johnson
Book by Percy A. Scholes; Oxford University Press, 1953
Subjects: Hawkins, John--Sir--1719-1789
The Life and Activities of Sir John Hawkins SIR JOHN HAWKINS-THE OXFORD PORTRAIT See p.183 The Life and Activities of Sir John Hawkins MUSICIAN, MAGISTRATE AND FRIEND OF JOHNSON...
2.
The Complete Poems of Sir John Davies
Book by Sir John Davies, Rev. Alexander B. Grosart.; Chatto and Windus, 1876
Early English Poets. SIR JOHN DAVIES. PRINTED BY ROBERT ROBERTS...Poets. THE COMPLETE POEMS OF SIR JOHN DAVIES. EDITED, WITH Memorial-Introduction...your hands the complete Poems of SIR JOHN DAVIES in the Fuller Worthies Library...
3.
Sir John Norreys and the Elizabethan Military World
Book by John S. Nolan; University of Exeter Press, 1997
Subjects: Diplomats--Great Britain--Biography, Elizabeth--I--Queen Of England--1533-1603--Military Leadership, Great Britain--History, Military--1485-1603, Great Britain--History--Elizabeth, 1558-1603--Biography, Norris, John--Sir--1547?-1597, Soldiers--Great Britain--Biography
Sir John Norreys and the Elizabethan Military World...Hulton-Getty Picture Library, 042 701 87) Sir John Norreys and the Elizabethan Military World...1592 192 12 2 Fort Crozon, as drawn by Sir John Norreys in the fall of 1594 215 5 13...
4.
The Life of Sir John Eliot, 1592 to 1632: Struggle for Parliamentary Freedom
Book by Harold Hulme; Allen & Unwin, 1957
Subjects: Eliot, John--Sir--1592-1632
...Plymouth Plymouth, 1871 , p. 127. He was mayor in 1534-5, 1547-8, and 1560-1. 3 J. A. Williamson, Sir John Hawkins, The Times and the Man Oxford, 1927 , pp. 20-3, 26. 4 At least by 1554. P.E. Munim. Room, P.E. Title...
5.
John A. Macdonald: The Young Politician
Book by Donald Creighton; Macmillan, 1952
Subjects: Canada--Politics And Government--1841-1867, Macdonald, John Alexander--Sir--1815-1891
...The Young Politician JOHN A. MACDONALD The Young...nearly sixty years since Sir Joseph Pope published...the Right Honourable Sir John Alexander Macdonald...returned to their homes. Sir Francis Bond Head...everybody knew now that John George Lambton, Lord...
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journal articles on: Hawkins Sir John  - 184 results

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1.
John Denham and Lucy Hutchinson's Commonplace Book
Journal article by Jerome De Groot; Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900, Vol. 48, 2008
Subjects: Aeneid (Virgil) (Poem)--Translations and translating, Authors, English--History, Authors, English--Works, Denham, John, Sir--History, Denham, John, Sir--Works, English poets--History, English poets--Works, English writers--History, English writers--Works, Hutchinson, Lucy--History, Hutchinson, Lucy--Works
...blank pp. 247-9: "The Hue Cry after Sir John Presbyter" by John Cleveland (hand...Harmony from Discords: A Life of Sir John Denham (Berkeley and Los Angeles...introduction to The Poetical Works of Sir John Denham (New Haven and London: Yale...
2.
The New Foundling Hospital for Wit: From Hanbury Williams to John Wilkes
Journal article by Donald W. Nichol; Studies in the Literary Imagination, Vol. 34, 2001
Subjects: Books--Analysis, Canon (Literature)--Research, English wit and humor--History, Satire--History, The Foundling Hospital for Wit (Book)--Criticism, interpretation, etc., The New Foundling Hospital for Wit (Book)--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Wilkes, John--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Williams, Charles Hanbury--Criticism, interpretation, etc.
...Frederick George Stephens with Edward Hawkins. London, 1883. Clarke, John. George III. London: Weidenfeld...copy: 1077.h.27. Hart, Lloyd. John Wilkes and the Foundling Hospital...Hospital for Wit. 6 vols. London: John Almon, 1768-73. Nichol, Donald...
3.
John Webster, James Shirley, and the Melbourne Manuscript
Journal article by MacD P. Jackson; Medieval & Renaissance Drama in England, Vol. 19, 2006
...between Shirley and Sir John Coke. Sir Johns younger son...quaffing, roaring," Hawkins, Apollo Shroving...Fletcher and Massinger, Sir John van Olden Barnavelt...infinite sums (132): Hawkins, Apollo Shroving...Entertainment at Sir Francis Joness at...
4.
John H. Patterson and the Sales Strategy of the National Cash Register Company, 1884 to 1922
Journal article by Walter A. Friedman; Business History Review, Vol. 72, 1998
Subjects: Corporate profiles, Effects, History, Management styles, Market entry, Market shares, NCR Corp, Office equipment industry, Sales, United States
...eight articles on Pattersons life.l2 The standard biography, John H. Patterson by Samuel Crowther, appeared in 1926 with the subtitle...Things (1916) and former Ford Motor company executive Norval Hawkins The Sales Process (1916) described salesmanship in terms of...
5.
Long John Silver, Karl Marx and the Ship of State
Journal article by Loraine Fletcher; Critical Survey, Vol. 19, 2007
Subjects: English literature, 1837-1901 (Victorian age)--Criticism and interpretation, English literature, 1837-1901 (Victorian age)--Works, Stevenson, Robert Louis (British novelist)--Criticism and interpretation, Stevenson, Robert Louis (British novelist)--Works, Treasure Island (Novel)--Criticism and interpretation, Victorian period literature, 1832-1901--Criticism and interpretation, Victorian period literature, 1832-1901--Works
Long John Silver, Karl Marx...principal narrator Jim Hawkins belongs at first...Its the custom, sir, he added apologetically...Treasure Island, ed. John Seelye (Harmondsworth...20.) William Hawkins (d. 1554) was one...sons, William and John, who were active...
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magazine articles on: Hawkins Sir John  - 42 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-42 >>  
 
1.
Sir John Hawkins: Queen Elizabeth's Slave Trader
Magazine article by Richard Pflederer; History Today, Vol. 54, February 2004
Subjects: Drake (Book), Sir John Hawkins: Queen Elizabeth's Slave Trader (Book)
Sir John Hawkins: Queen Elizabeths Slave...pounds sterling IN BRITAIN, SIR JOHN HAWKINS AND SIR FRANCIS DRAKE have...Spanish invasion plans, while Hawkins gave Elizabeths forces the...taking a look at Kelseys Sir Francis Drake, the Queens...
2.
Sir Francis Drake (C 1540-1596): A Pirate by Royal Appointment, Drake's Naval Victories Brought Him Greater Rewards Than His Circumnavigation
Magazine article; Geographical, Vol. 73, December 2001
Subjects: Drake, Francis--Conduct of life, Explorers--Conduct of life, Pirates--Conduct of life, United Kingdom--History
...of 20, he sailed with his cousin Sir John Hawkins to Africa on a mission to buy slaves. It was also with Hawkins that the seeds of Drakes hatred...and opened fire. Only Drakes and Hawkins ships managed to escape. What...
3.
On the Ground: As That Godfather of Urban Planning Sir Patrick Geddes Once Observed, "A City Is More Than a Place in Space; It Is a Drama in Time." to Take Stock of the Continuing Narratives of Art in Urban Locales around the World, Artforum Asked Eight Artists, Curators, and Writers to Tell the Stories They Saw Unfold over the Course of the Past Twelve Months
Magazine article by Debra Singer, Michael Ned Holte, Catherine Wood, T.J. Demos, Ryan Gander, Jennifer Allen, Tomasz Fudala, Mathieu Borysevicz; Artforum International, Vol. 46, December 2007
Subjects: Art--Social aspects, Art--United States, Artists as authors--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Artists--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Authors as artists--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Authors--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Cities and towns in art--Social aspects, Cities and towns in art--United States, Cities and towns--Social aspects, City planning--Social aspects, Curators--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Urban planning--Social aspects, Writers--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes
...eleventh-hour spectacle by inviting local legend John Baldessari to design the installation well...show at Richard Telles Fine Art by Richard Hawkins, whose reputation grows with every unexpected...specially commissioned works by Meese and John Bock. The most interesting thing about...
4.
Months Past: A French Monarch Dies, a Great Warship Is Born and a Gangster Is Caught. Richard Cavendish Looks at This Month's Anniversaries
Magazine article by Richard Cavendish; History Today, Vol. 59, July 2009
Subjects: Dillinger, John--Crimes against, Dillinger, John--Death of, Gangsters--Crimes against, Gangsters--Death of, Henry II, King of France--Death of, Hoodlums--Crimes against, Hoodlums--Death of, Jousting--Influence, Kings and rulers--Death of, Kings--Death of, Naval vessels--History, Tournaments (Fighting), Warships--History
...She was the Navys sixth Victory. One of them, under Sir John Hawkins, had fought the Spanish Armada in 1588. Another, of...battles of Ushant and in 1796 she bore the flag of Admiral Sir John Jervis at the battle of Cape St Vincent. Though she...
5.
Arms Control: Three Centuries of Failure
Magazine article by William R. Hawkins; National Review, Vol. 37, August 9, 1985
Subjects: Arms control--History, Military policy--International aspects, Summit meetings--Military aspects, arms control--History
...Mahan; his counterpart from the army, Captain William Crozier; and his opposite number on the British delegation, Admiral Sir John Fisher--led the opposition to all three restrictions. Admiral Fishers biographer, Richard Hough, believes that "It was...
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newspaper articles on: Hawkins Sir John  - 123 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Race Storm over Pub's Tribute to Slave Trader; Leroy Lander and Laura Ashenford outside the Pub They Have Named after Sir John Hawkins, Above
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), March 28, 2008
Subjects: Bars (Drinking establishments)--Social aspects, Bars, saloons, etc.--Social aspects
...the Pub They Have Named after Sir John Hawkins, Above. Byline: Luke Salkeld...pub after a famousslaver, but Sir John Hawkins is actually a very historical...his honour. Plymouth also has a Sir John Hawkins Square. His partner Laura Ashenford...
2.
Influentials 2009; Crystal Gazing: Sculptor Roger Hiorns Banking on It: Antnio Horta-Osrio Making Noises: Singer Florence Welch (Left), Aspiring Politician Chuka Umunna (Right) and Actress Sally Hawkins on the Ball: Wasps Flanker Tom Rees Fashion Forward:designer Louise Goldin
Newspaper article; The Evening Standard (London, England), January 2, 2009
...the Golden Globe Awards on 11 January. Hawkins is now busy with a Nick Hornby-scripted...nationalist Bernadette Devlin. PROPERTY JOHN WALLACE, 52 DIRECTOR, QATARI DIAR UK DEVELOPMENT...she has had two capsule collections in Sir Philip Greens Topshop. She injects sex...
3.
1000 Years. 1000 People; IT'S THE ULTIMATE AND MOST CONTROVERSIAL LIST OF THE MILLENNIUM: 1000 PEOPLE WHO, FOR BETTER OR WORSE, HAVE CHANGED HISTORY IN THE PAST 1000 YEARS. IT WAS AN IMPOSSIBLE TASK, BUT OF ALL THE CONTENDERS, WE FINALLY PUT THE DISCOVERER OF PENICILLIN, SCOTSMAN SIR ALEXANDER FLEMING, ON TOP .. BECAUSE WITHOUT HIM SO MANY OF US WOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HERE TO GREET THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Newspaper article; The Mirror (London, England), January 1, 2000
...Depp, Hollywood actor 835. Robert Redford, US actor 836. Basil dOliviera, South African cricketer. 837. Sir John Hawkins, introduced tobacco to England 838. Dustin Hoffman, US actor 839. Audie Murphy, war hero and actor 840...
4.
Flash Back: Touch of Class with This Warm-Hearted Comedy; PLEASE SIR!
Newspaper article; Liverpool Echo (Liverpool, England), February 24, 2007
Subjects: Television programs
...Fenn Street Gang. John Alderton, Deryck...cast. The Please Sir! TV terms ran from...pupils. Sexy Carol Hawkins, for instance...format of Please Sir! travelled to the...the career of one John Travolta. However...predecessor. OH SIR! John Alderton as teacher...
5.
Elizabeth the Second Best Is a Royal Wreck; Past Imperfect: Sir Walter Raleigh (Clive Owen, above) Does His Best Errol Flynn Impression for Smitten Queen Bess (Cate Blanchett)
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), November 2, 2007
...the hands of the Lord HighAdmiral Charles Howard of Effingham, with as his subordinate admirals SirFrancis Drake, Sir John Hawkins and Sir Martin Frobisher. None of these make itinto the movie except Howard (John Shrapnel), and he turns out to be...
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encyclopedia articles on: Hawkins Sir John  - 9 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-9 >>  
 
1.
Hawkins, Sir John
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
HAWKINS, SIR JOHN 1532 95, English admiral. In 1562...in Spanish ports in the West Indies. Hawkins set out on a similar expedition in 1567...acting as an agent for Lord Burghley, Hawkins pretended to betray Queen Elizabeth I...
2.
Hawkins, Sir Richard
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
HAWKINS, SIR RICHARD 1562? 1622, English admiral, son of Sir John Hawkins. He served under Sir Francis Drake in the 1585 86 expedition to the West Indies, commanded the Swallow in the defeat of...
3.
Frobisher, Sir Martin
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...of a ship in Sir Francis Drake s expedition to the West Indies and was knighted for his services with Drake and Sir John Hawkins in the defeat of the Spanish Armada (see Armada, Spanish ) in 1588. He died as the result of wounds received at...
4.
Drake, Sir Francis
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
DRAKE, SIR FRANCIS 1540...of his kinsman, John Hawkins . On the voyage...complete failure. Hawkins died off Puerto...biographies by Sir Julien Corbett...1972); see also Sir Julien Corbett...Voyage of Drake and Hawkins (1972...
5.
LaudonniÈre, RenÉ Goulaine De
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...took to piracy, and finally most of them mutinied. Fort Caroline was in desperate straits when the English privateer Sir John Hawkins appeared in Aug., 1565, and sold Laudonniere food and one of his ships. Laudonniere was prepared to sail for France...
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