HAWLEY-SMOOT TARIFF ACT

1930, passed by the U.S. Congress; it brought the U.S. tariff to the highest protective level yet in the history of the United States. President Hoover desired a limited upward revision of tariff rates with general increases on farm products and adjustment of a few industrial rates. A congressional joint committee, however, in compromising the differences between a high Senate tariff bill and a higher House tariff bill, arrived at new high rates by generally adopting the increased rates of the Senate on farm products and those of the House on manufactures. Despite wide protest, the tariff act, called the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act because of its joint sponsorship by Representative Willis C. Hawley and Senator Reed Smoot, both Republicans, was signed (June, 1930) by President Hoover. The act brought retaliatory tariff acts from foreign countries, U.S. foreign trade suffered a sharp decline, and the depression intensified.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act
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books on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act  - 474 results

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1.
Encyclopedia of Tariffs and Trade in U.S. History - Vol. 2
Book by Cynthia Clark Northrup, Elaine C. Prange Turney; Greenwood Press, 2003
Subjects: Free Trade--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Protectionism--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Tariff--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Taxation--United States--History--Encyclopedias, United States--Commercial Policy--History--Encyclopedias, United States--History--Encyclopedias
...of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff During the congressional...over the controversial Hawley-Smoot Tariff bill, Senator...time Congress passed the Hawley-Smoot Tariff. His efforts to...Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act during the 1932 presidential...
2.
Encyclopedia of Tariffs and Trade in U.S. History - Vol. 3
Book by Cynthia Clark Northrup, Elaine C. Prange Turney; Greenwood Press, 2003
Subjects: Free Trade--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Protectionism--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Tariff--United States--History--Encyclopedias, Taxation--United States--History--Encyclopedias, United States--Commercial Policy--History--Encyclopedias, United States--History--Encyclopedias
...any provision of this Act, or the application...may be cited as the Tariff Act of 1930. Approved...General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT...Great Depression; Hawley, Willis C.; Hawley-Smoot Tariff (Tariff of 1930...
3.
Economic Planning and the Tariff: An Essay on Social Philosophy
Book by James Gerald Smith; Princeton University Press, 1934
Subjects: Economic Policy, Tariff--United States, United States--Economic Policy
...I ECONOMISTS PETITION AGAINST THE SIGNING OF THE HAWLEY-SMOOT TARIFF ACT THE text of a petition, signed by over a thousand...made to Congress and President Hoover when the Hawley- Smoot Tariff bill was pending, 1929-1930. The undersigned...
4.
The Great Tariff Debate, 1820-1830
Book by George Rogers Taylor; Heath, 1953
Subjects: Tariff--United States
...out of Congress as the tariff policy of the federal...reciprocal trade agreement acts and the struggle grows...special attention to the Tariff of 1824. The leading...the arguments for the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act of 1930, that protection...
5.
Tariffs, Quotas, and Trade: The Politics of Protectionism
Book by Walter Adams, Ryan C. Amacher, Sven W. Arndt, Malcolm D. Bale, John T. Cuddington, Alan V. Deardorff, Joel B. Dirlam, Roger D. Hansen, H. Robert Heller, D. Gale Johnson, Robert O. Keohane, Michael W. Keran, Rachel McCulloch, Ronald I. McKinnon, Gordon W. Smith, Robert M. Stern, Richard James Sweeney, Robert D. Tollison, Thomas D. Willett; Institute for Contemporary Studies, 1979
Subjects: Commercial Policy, Free Trade, International Economic Relations, Protectionism, Tariff
...Trade Agreements Act 1934 , 10 f, 17...Safeguarding of Industries Act 1921 , 14 Samuelson...Sherman Antitrust Act, 99 Singapore...Agreement, 26 , 89 Smoot-Hawley Act 1930 , 10...43 , 255 , 277 Tariff Act 1930 , 96 Tariffs, 4 -22 passim...
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journal articles on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act  - 68 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Investment during the Great Depression: Uncertainty and the Role of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
Journal article by Robert B. Archibald, David H. Feldman; Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 64, 1998
Subjects: Investments--Models, Tariff Act of 1930, Tariffs--Economic aspects
...the tariff act in 1930 also...prior to Smoot-Hawley and even...agricultural tariffs were redundant...the nominal tariff change...1996. Tariffs and aggregate...the Smoot-Hawley Tariff. Research...McCumber and Smoot-Hawley Tariff Acts. Applied...
2.
The World Trade Organization and Participatory Democracy: The Historical Evidence
Journal article by Peter M. Gerhart; Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 37, 2004
Subjects: Free trade--Laws, regulations and rules, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Tariffs--Laws, regulations and rules, World Trade Organization--History
...than the previous tariff legislation. Congress reopened the tariff issue in 1929 in...industries got into the act and demanded higher tariffs as well...process that led to Smoot-Hawley is E. SCHATTSCHNEIDER...PRESSURES AND THE TARIFF (1935) hereinafter...
3.
Redefining Power Orientation: A Reassessment of Jackson's Paradigm in Light of Asymmetries of Power, Negotiation, and Compliance in the GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System
Journal article by Matthew S. Dunne III; Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 34, 2002
Subjects: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Jackson, John H.--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Power (Social sciences)--International aspects, Trade disputes--Political aspects, Trade negotiations--Political aspects, World Trade Organization--Political aspects
...against the BTR: (1) the tariff scheme violated the ECs...entered the EC at lower tariffs than non-ACP bananas; (147) (2) the tariff rate allocation scheme...S. enactment of the Smoot-Hawley Tarriff Act of 1931 was an explicit...
4.
Bleak Prospects: How Health Care Reform Has Failed in the United States
Journal article by Richard A. Epstein; Texas Review of Law & Politics, Vol. 15, 2010
Subjects: Health care access, Health care policy, Labor relations, Labor standards, Medicaid, Private enterprise, Regulation of financial institutions, Revenue Acts, Transfer payments, United States
...practical alternative but to participate in the Act will have to expand their Medicaid coverage...resources to the states to administer the Act. Nevertheless, states will be required...implement other specified changes. The Act further requires states to establish an...
5.
Presidential Power over International Law: Restoring the Balance
Journal article by Oona A. Hathaway; Yale Law Journal, Vol. 119, 2009
Subjects: Executive power--Laws, regulations and rules, Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, International law--Political aspects, Lend-Lease Act, Separation of powers--Laws, regulations and rules, Unilateralism--Laws, regulations and rules
...agreements to reduce tariffs by up to fifty...agreements on not only tariffs, but postal matters...now-notorious Smoot-Hawley Act of 1930--an Act that raised tariffs on imported goods...that had led to Smoot-Hawley. Congress would...
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magazine articles on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act  - 52 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Draining the Swamp: Votes and Tariffs in the Age of Globalisation
Magazine article by Phil Evans; Consumer Policy Review, Vol. 9, May/Jun 1999
Subjects: Democracy, Deregulation, Europe, Globalization, LDCs, Policy making, Problems, Trade liberalization, Trade policy, United States
...the Smoot-Hawley Act in 1930, the creation...The level of import tariffs rose by between SO...spiral in import tariffs the world over...the Smoot-Hawley Act with economic recession...rescind elements of Smoot-Hawley in a series of Reciprocal Trade Agreement Acts, which saw tariffs...
2.
The Unconstitutionality of Protectionism
Magazine article by Sheldon Richman; Freeman, Vol. 55, April 2005
Subjects: Import quotas, Protectionism, Tariffs
...welfare only. Tariffs and antidumping...example is the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930, which...Congress passed a tariff. Tariffs were repeatedly...each protective tariff, perhaps contrary...struck down an act of Congress under...
3.
Chinese Hostage Crisis
Magazine article by Patrick J. Buchanan; American Conservative, Vol. 6, September 10, 2007
Subjects: American dollar, China, Economic crisis, Foreign exchange rates, Global economy, International relations-US, Tariffs, United States
...congressional threats of tariffs if it does not, China...such an unfriendly act would lead to American retaliation in the form of Smoot-Hawley tariffs on Chinese goods, which...dont threaten us with tariffs, because we can do greater...
4.
Fdr's Lucky Timing
Magazine article by Jim Powell; Freeman, Vol. 59, July 2009
Subjects: Bank reserves, Economic growth, Excise taxes, Gross Domestic Product--GDP, New Deal, Revenue Acts, Social security, Tax increases, Undistributed profits, Wages & salaries
...Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) authorized the...National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and the Agricultural Adjustment Act, but both promoted contraction...biggest disasters: the 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff that throttled trade and...
5.
The Great Contraction, 1929-33
Magazine article by Robert Higgs; Freeman, Vol. 57, April 2007
Subjects: Bank deposits, Commercial banks, Competition, Economic depression, Economic history, Farms, Farmworkers, Free markets, Gross Domestic Product--GDP, Real wages, Revenue Acts, Statistical analysis, Taxation, Wage rates
...constitutional authority to act effectively as an economic...governments verged on default. Smoot-Hawley Act Among the most harmful...Great Contraction was the Smoot-Hawley Act in 1930, which lifted...high and set in motion a tariff war, a trade-constricting...
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newspaper articles on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act  - 26 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-26 >>  
 
1.
Smoot-Hawley Tariff a Warning for 2008 Meltdown
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, November 17, 2008
Subjects: Tariffs
...law raised tariffs to record...their own tariffs. The U...trade. A tariff of mistrust...daunting as Smoot-Hawley, has seized...fear, a tariff - a wall...Free Trade Act, appears...history of Smoot-Hawley can attest...raised tariffs on thousands...
2.
The Tempting Path of Protectionism; Smoot-Hawley Ended Up Burying American Exports
Newspaper article; The Washington Times (Washington, DC), October 25, 2010
Subjects: Protectionism
...Protectionism; Smoot-Hawley Ended Up...recalling how the Tariff Act of 1930...welcome higher tariffs for agricultural...slapped steep tariffs on U.S...prosperity, Smoot-Hawley helped provoke...Import Duties Act (1932...first general tariff law in more...100 percent tariffs on goods...Because Smoot-Hawley included...
3.
Paying a Price for Steel Tariffs
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, August 15, 2002
...relief from the tariffs. The Office of...office had granted tariff waivers covering...threatens retaliatory tariffs on such U.S...consequences of the steel tariffs will be borne...the notorious Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act that helped spark...
4.
The Beijing Balancing Act; COMMENT
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 15, 2011
Subjects: Protectionism, Yuan (China)
The Beijing Balancing Act; COMMENT. Byline: RUTH SUNDERLAND...week allowing America to impose tariffs on goods imported from nations with...Chinese invoked the spectre of the Smoot-Hawley tariff act brought in by the US in the 1930s...
5.
The Free Trade Lesson; Avoiding Protectionism and Interventionism Is Key to Ending Global Malaise
Newspaper article; The Washington Times (Washington, DC), August 19, 2011
Subjects: Free trade, Protectionism, Tariffs
...sparked by the infamous Smoot-Hawley Act of 1930. This measure raised U.S. tariffs on 20,000 goods to...triggered retaliatory tariffs by our trading partners...General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) ratified...
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encyclopedia articles on: Hawley Smoot Tariff Act  - 5 results

 
 
1.
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
HAWLEY-SMOOT TARIFF ACT 1930, passed...act, called the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act because...Representative Willis C. Hawley and Senator Reed Smoot, both Republicans...President Hoover. The act brought retaliatory tariff acts from foreign countries...
2.
Smoot, Reed
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...after a Senate investigation. Smoot, a conservative Republican, joined...committee; he helped write the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act (1930), which he cosponsored with Oregon Representative Willis C. Hawley...
3.
Tariff
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Navigation Acts ). Although...the use of tariffs, a new system...respective tariff barriers...even eliminate tariffs among groups...Agreement on Tariffs and Trade...rates of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act (1930...
4.
United States
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...establishment of a protective tariff, a mint, and the first Bank...fostered the drastic Embargo Act of 1807 in an attempt to gain...improvements, a protective tariff, and the second Bank of the...movement, was created by the tariff of 1828, which was highly favorable...
5.
Hoover, Herbert Clark
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...established the Federal Farm Board, pressed for tariff revision (which resulted in the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act ), and appointed the National Commission...1930 elections, passed the Emergency Relief Act and created the federal home loan banks...


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