HYPOTHALAMUS

hīˌpəthălˈəməs, an important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several sections called nuclei, each of which controls a specific function. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat, metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, and sugar levels in the blood. Through direct attachment to the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus also meters secretions controlling water balance and milk production in the female. The role of the hypothalamus in awareness of pleasure and pain has been well established in the laboratory. It is thought to be involved in the expression of emotions, such as fear and rage, and in sexual behaviors. Despite its numerous vital functions, the hypothalamus in humans accounts for only 1 / 300 of total brain weight, and is about the size of an almond. Structurally, it is joined to the thalamus; the two work together to monitor the sleep-wake cycle.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Hypothalamus
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books on: Hypothalamus  - 1179 results

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1.
Encyclopedia of the Human Brain - Vol. 2
Book by V. S. Ramachandran; Academic Press, 2002
Subjects: Brain--Encyclopedias, Neurology--Encyclopedias, Neurosciences--Encyclopedias
...ANATOMY OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM AND THE HYPOTHALAMUS In 1953, J. Olds and P. Milner reported...specific sites, most located in the hypothalamus or in its rostral continuation. the...provided a basis to the claim that the hypothalamus, and more generally a continuum of...
2.
Encyclopedia of Family Health - Vol. 7
Book by David B. Jacoby, Robert M. Youngson; Marshall Cavendish, 2005
Subjects: Health--Encyclopedias, Medicine, Popular--Encyclopedias
Hypothalamus Questions and Answers My husband injured...an intimate connection between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, which lies...longer receiving stimulation from the hypothalamus to release hormones, drug treatment...
3.
Encyclopedia of Human Behavior - Vol. 3
Book by V. S. Ramachandran; Academic Press, 1994
Subjects: Psychology--Encyclopedias
...is probably in this manner that the hypothalamus is able to exert considerable in...the emotional states elicited by the hypothalamus are very primitive, dif- fuse, undirected...emotions, not surpris- ingly, when the hypothalamus has been injured or is made to function...
4.
Encyclopedia of Human Behavior - Vol. 2
Book by V. S. Ramachandran; Academic Press, 1994
Subjects: Psychology--Encyclopedias
...tivate neurons in areas near the hypothalamus (or- ganum vasculosum of the lamina...turn send strong projections to the hypothalamus. In addition, osmoreceptors are located in the anterior hypothalamus and preoptic area, which directly...
5.
Encyclopedia of Mental Health - Vol. 2
Book by Howard S. Friedman; Academic Press, 1998
Subjects: Mental Health--Dictionaries, Mental Illness--Dictionaries, Psychology--Dictionaries
In contrast to the lateral hypothalamus and its in- volvement in pleasurable...stimulation, activation of the medial hypothalamus is so aversive that sub- jects...requirements) are met, the medial hypothalamus be- comes activated which in...
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journal articles on: Hypothalamus  - 424 results

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1.
Exposure to a Complex Cocktail of Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds Disturbs the kisspeptin/GPR54 System in Ovine Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
Journal article by Michelle Bellingham, Paul A. Fowler, Maria R. Amezaga, Stewart M. Rhind, Corinne Cotinot, Beatrice Mandon-Pepin, Richard M. Sharpe, Neil P. Evans; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 117, 2009
Subjects: Cocktails--Health aspects, Cocktails--Research, Endocrine disruptors--Health aspects, Human reproduction--Health aspects, Human reproduction--Research, Hypothalamus--Health aspects, Hypothalamus--Research
...GPR54 System in Ovine Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland...fetal (110-day) hypothalami and pituitary glands...measured in the adult ewe hypothalamus or pituitary. CONCLUSIONS...the adult and fetal hypothalamus and pituitary and...Procedures) Act of 1986. Hypothalami and pituitary glands...
2.
Alcohol Alters Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Activated Oct 2 POU Domain Gene Expression in the Immature Female Hypothalamus *
Journal article by W. Les Dees, Vinod K. Srivastava, Jill K. Hiney; Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 66, 2005
Subjects: Alcoholic beverages--Physiological aspects, Gene expression--Research, Hypothalamus--Physiological aspects
...Gene Expression in the Immature Female Hypothalamus *. by W. Les Dees , Vinod K. Srivastava...the glia and neurons in the POA and hypothalamus, including the ME region (Cardona...homeodomain gene, Oct 2, increases in the hypothalamus during pubertal development and that...
3.
Octylphenol (OP) Alters the Expression of Members of the Amyloid Protein Family in the Hypothalamus of the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra Serpentina Serpentina
Journal article by Vance L. Trudeau, Suzanne Chiu, Sean W. Kennedy, Ronald J. Brooks; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 110, 2002
...reproduction. Although the hypothalamus is the main target...the snapping turtle hypothalamus that may be regulated...dish on ice. The hypothalami were dissected using...transcripts isolated from hypothalami of the E.sub.2...in the developing hypothalamus of the snapping turtle...
4.
Substance P and Neurokinin Levels Are Decreased in the Cortex and Hypothalamus of Alcohol-Preferring (P) Rats *
Journal article by Craig J. Slawecki, Patricia Jimenez-Vasquez, Aleksander A. Mathe, Cindy L. Ehlers; Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Vol. 62, 2001
Subjects: Alcoholism--Physiological aspects, Substance P--Research, Tachykinins--Research
...levels are decreased in the cortex and hypothalamus of alcohol-preferring (P) rats...striatum, amygdala, hippocampus, hypothalamus, septum and frontal cortex. Each...0.2 mm to +2.7 mm), the hypothalamus and amygdala (-0.8 mm to -4...
5.
Food Intake and the Regulation of Body Weight
Journal article by Stephen C. Woods, Michael W. Schwartz, Denis G. Baskin, Randy J. Seeley; Annual Review of Psychology, 2000
Subjects: Homeostasis--Analysis, Hypothalamus--Analysis, Insulin--Research, Leptin--Research, Neuropeptides--Research, Psychological research--Analysis
...neuropeptides, leptin, insulin, hypothalamus Abstract This chapter reviews the recent...utilization by specific cells in the hypothalamus are reduced. Analogously, meals were...hypothesis that neuronal pathways in the hypothalamus are the primary targets for leptin...
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magazine articles on: Hypothalamus  - 134 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
In the Arms of Morpheus
Magazine article by Norbert R. Myslinski; World and I, Vol. 15, December 2000
Subjects: Hypothalamus--Physiological aspects, Mignot, Emmanuel--Research, Narcolepsy--Causes of, Sleep--Physiological aspects, Stanford University. School of Medicine--Research, University of Texas (Dallas) Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas, Texas)--Research, Yanagisawa, Masashi--Research
...appears to be the selective degeneration of cells in the hypothalamus that secrete hypocretin (or orexin), a hormone previously...and found that all were missing HC-secreting cells in the hypothalamus. From 85 to 99 percent of the HC cells had died and were...
2.
No Menstruation, No Pregnancy = Amenorrhea
Magazine article by Carol Ballentine; FDA Consumer, Vol. 18, May 1984
Subjects: Amenorrhea--Case studies, Menstruation disorders--Causes of, Women athletes--Health aspects, Women--Diseases
...in the brain in an area called the hypothalamus, which at the appropriate time each...a pea-sized organ attached to the hypothalamus, to release the so-called gonadotropic...anovulation--most rooted in the hypothalamus and pituitary--there are also many...
3.
New Attitudes towards Menopause
Magazine article by Sheryl Weinstein; FDA Consumer, Vol. 31, March 1997
Subjects: Menopause--Drug therapy, Postmenopausal women--Health aspects, Women's Health Initiative--Research
...which is maintained by the hypothalamus, a brain region located above...gland on the brains floor. The hypothalamus operates the bodys temperature...manipulate some functions of the hypothalamus. During menopause, as the...
4.
The Enormity of Obesity
Magazine article by Stuart Blackman; The Scientist, Vol. 18, May 24, 2004
...which is downstream of leptin in the hypothalamus, have insatiable appetites. "Their...neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. One population produces the appetite...from reaching its receptors in the hypothalamus.5,6 All the known monogenic mutations...
5.
Sex Steroids and the Brain: Significance for Mental Health in Postmenopause
Magazine article by Sarah L. Berga; Drug Topics, Vol. 146, March 4, 2002
Subjects: Brain, Hormone replacement therapy, Menopause, Mental health, United States, Women
...the brain. Estrogens effects on the hypothalamus relative to ovulation and reproduction...generally with a focus only on the hypothalamus or temperatureregulating center. As...reproductive tract and subsequently in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland by cytosol binding...
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newspaper articles on: Hypothalamus  - 194 results

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1.
Thyroid Disorders
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, January 25, 2011
...The whole process begins with the hypothalamus, the bodys "thermostat," which...many hormonal activities. When the hypothalamus determines that the blood levels of...TSH and the process stops, until the hypothalamus determines that its time to start again...
2.
Intgratedhealth
Newspaper article; The Mail on Sunday (London, England), May 15, 2006
...endocrine (hormone) systems. The hypothalamus is a tiny but very powerful part of...inflammatory chemical in the body. The hypothalamus also interacts with the thymus gland...any kind plays a role, because the hypothalamus and pituitary gland also help to stimulate...
3.
By the Time Youve Read This Article Your Body Will Have Lost a Quarter of a Glass of Water. . . Bottoms Up: Not Consuming Enough Liquids Every Day Can Cause Major Damage to Your Health
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 28, 2008
Subjects: Health
...regulated by a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. When the blood becomes too concentrated...stimulates the sensation of thirst. The hypothalamus also causes a gland in the brain...and this in turn is detected by the hypothalamus, which reduces the secretion of ADH...
4.
Can Dieting Cause Fertility Problems?
Newspaper article; The Mirror (London, England), August 25, 2011
Subjects: Diet, Weight loss
...part of the brain called the hypothalamus fails to tell the pituitary gland...an egg each month. Once the hypothalamus has switched itself off its difficult...with crash dieting will put the hypothalamus to sleep. And it may doze off...
5.
Some People Say Me Is All in the Mind, but They Haven't Seen the Pain Thatnearly Destroyed My Daughter Emily; Good Health
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), July 23, 1996
...it was an illness which affects the hypothalamus, the part of the brain which controls...responding abnormally. This affects the hypothalamus, which in turn produces all these...when you are suffering from ME, your hypothalamus is in `frightened flight. You are...
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encyclopedia articles on: Hypothalamus  - 25 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-25 >>  
 
1.
Hypothalamus
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
HYPOTHALAMUS hi p thal m s, an important supervisory...controls a specific function. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, blood...attachment to the pituitary gland , the hypothalamus also meters secretions controlling...
2.
Pituitary Gland
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...is structurally continuous with the hypothalamus of the brain, to which it remains...hypophyseal, or pituitary, stalk. The hypothalamus controls almost all secretions of the...substances that are transported from the hypothalamus by tiny blood vessels. Pituitary Hormones...
3.
Endocrine System
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...regulate the bodys internal clock. The Hypothalamus Physiological processes are under nervous...adjacent to the pituitary, called the hypothalamus , mediates between the two systems. The hypothalamus secretes pituitary-regulating substances...
4.
Gonadotropic Hormone
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...is produced and released from the hypothalamus. Gn-RH release stimulates the secretion...acids which are synthesized in the hypothalamus (that portion of the brain nearest...ovaries and testes eventually reach the hypothalamus and help to regulate the hormonal cycle...
5.
Seasonal Affective Disorder
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...an area (the suprachiasmatic nuclei) of the hypothalamus ; the hypothalamus, among other things, performs a clocklike...light. Serotonin is especially active in the hypothalamus. Decreased sensitivity of the retina has also...
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