INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY OF LANGUAGES, THE

The Indo-European Family of Languages
SubfamilyGroupSubgroupLanguages and Principal Dialects
AnatolianHieroglypic Hittite*, Hittite (Kanesian)*, Luwian*, Lycian*, Lydian*, Palaic*
BalticLatvian (Lettish), Lithuanian, Old Prussian*
CelticBrythonicBreton, Cornish*, Welsh
ContinentalGaulish*
Goidelic or GaelicIrish (Irish Gaelic), Manx*, Scottish Gaelic
GermanicEast GermanicBurgundian*, Gothic*, Vandalic*
North GermanicOld Norse* (see Norse), Danish, Faeroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish
West Germanic(see Grimm's law)High GermanGerman, Yiddish
Low GermanAfrikaans, Dutch, English, Flemish, Frisian, Plattdeutsch (see German language)
GreekAeolic*, Arcadian*, Attic*, Byzantine Greek*, Cyprian*, Doric*, Ionic*, Koinē*, Modern Greek
Indo-IranianDardic or PisachaKafiri, Kashmiri, Khowar, Kohistani, Romany (Gypsy), Shina
Indic or Indo-AryanPali*, Prakrit*, Sanskrit*, Vedic*
Central IndicHindi, Hindustani, Urdu
East IndicAssamese, Bengali, Bihari, Oriya
Northwest IndicPunjabi, Sindhi
PahariCentral Pahari, Eastern Pahari (Nepali), Western Pahari
South IndicMarathi (including major dialect Konkani), Sinhalese (Singhalese)
West IndicBhili, Gujarati, Rajasthani (many dialects)
IranianAvestan*, Old Persian*
East IranianBaluchi, Khwarazmian*, Ossetic, Pamir dialects, Pashto (Afghan), Saka (Khotanese)*, Sogdian*, Yaghnobi
West IranianKurdish, Pahlavi (Middle Persian)*, Parthian*, Persian (Farsi), Tajiki
Italic(Non-Romance)Faliscan*, Latin, Oscan*, Umbrian*
Romance or RomanicEastern RomanceItalian, Rhaeto-Romanic, Romanian, Sardinian
Western RomanceCatalan, French, Ladino, Portuguese, Provençal, Spanish
Slavic or SlavonicEast SlavicBelarussian (White Russian), Russian, Ukrainian
South SlavicBulgarian, Church Slavonic*, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian
West SlavicCzech, Kashubian, Lusatian (Sorbian or Wendish), Polabian*, Polish, Slovak
Thraco-IllyrianAlbanian, Illyrian*, Thracian*
Thraco-PhrygianArmenian, Grabar (Classical Armenian)*, Phrygian*
Tokharian (W China)Tokharian A (Agnean)*, Tokharian B (Kuchean)*
*
____________________
* Asterisk indicates a dead language.
____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The
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books on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 6849 results

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1.
An Introduction to the Indo-European Languages
Book by Philip Baldi; Southern Illinois University Press, 1983
Subjects: Indo-European Languages
...inflected languages such as Latin...other members of the Indo-European family, because...the Celtic languages make up an...important branch of the Indo-European family. The early...Nowhere else in the Indo-European family do we find...bewildering display of modern languages that, though...
2.
Indo-European Languages and Archeology
Book by Hugh Hencken; American Anthropological Association, 1955
Subjects: Indo-European Antiquities, Indo-European Languages
...and Asia Minor, Indo-European languages were spoken in...these areas, but the linguistic connections of Sicel do not...distinct from family inhumation in...contrast to the non-Indo-European languages of the Near East, and...
3.
Archaic Syntax in Indo-European: The Spread of Transitivity in Latin and French
Book by Brigitte Bauer; Mouton de Gruyter, 2000
Subjects: Indo-European Languages--Syntax, Indo-European Languages--Verb, Proto-Indo-European Language--Syntax
...2.4, which discusses American Indian languages). Returning to the best-documented and best-analyzed language family, Indo-European, we observe a number of features and characteristics in these...
4.
Indo-European Poetry and Myth
Book by M. L. West; Oxford University Press, 2007
Subjects: Mythology, Indo-European, Mythology, Indo-European, In Literature, Poetry, Ancient--History And Criticism
...Introduction Indo-European is primarily a term of historical...refers to the great family of languages that now...European languages and their evolution from the parent tongue...decades of the twentieth...branches of the Indo-European family, represented...and related languages of Asia Minor, was the first to...common Indo-European, which continued...archetype of the family had to be...
5.
From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic
Book by Don Ringe; Oxford University Press, 2006
Subjects: English Language--History, Proto-Germanic Language, Proto-Indo-European Language
...ancestor of all the Indo-European languages. As is usual with protolanguages of the distant past, we cant say...serious difficulties for Indo-Europeanists, for the following...effect, one half of the IE family, all the other subgroups...
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journal articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 251 results

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1.
Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction
Journal article by Michael Weiss; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 126, 2006
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction (Book)--Book reviews
...method, the Indo-European family, an outline of PIE phonology, morphophonemics, the verb, the noun, pronouns...and the archaeology of the Indo-European homeland question. This...attested l forms found in languages distinguishing r and l...
2.
A New Survey of the Indo-Aryan Languages
Journal article by Colin P. Masica; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 125, 2005
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, The Indo-Aryan Languages (Book)--Book reviews
...how obviously Indo-European, they still are...Kashmiri" (Omkar Koul): the special nature of this language presents...as in most NIA languages), but its (predictable...article of: The Indo-Aryan Languages...Routledge Language Family Series, vol. 2...
3.
The Indo-Iranian Word for 'Shank, Shin'
Journal article by Alexander Lubotsky; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, 2002
Subjects: Extremities, Lower, Indo-European languages, Leg--Terminology
...look at various Indo-European words for shin, shank...often identical with the word for pipe, flute...cevka shin(-bone) of a horse, bobbin...to assume that the Indo-Iranian word for...Balto-Slavic word family has been ascribed...in other Iranian languages. Abaev (III: 119...
4.
Adhrigu and Drigu: On the Semantics of an Old Indo-Iranian Word
Journal article by George Thompson; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, 2002
Subjects: Avesta (Sacred text)--Translations and translating, Indo-European languages, Vedas--Translations and translating
...Pratidanam. Indian, Iranian, and Indo-European Studies Presented to F. B. J...I. Subramoniam. Pp. 127-33. The Hague: Mouton. Lubotsky, A. To appear. Indo-Iranian Substratum. Proceedings...an Attempt to Fix the Sense of Every Word that Occurs in Rgveda...
5.
How the Mole and Mongoose Got Their Names: Sanskrit Akhu- and Nakula-
Journal article by Joshua T. Katz; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, 2002
Subjects: Indo-European languages, Moles (Animals)--Names, Mongooses--Names, Sanskrit language
...is well known that languages and cultures often employ the "same" words for animals...from debates about the Indo-European homeland, and compare...suggested, the case of Hitt. asku- and Gk...carnivores, members of the family Herpestidae (until...
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magazine articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 40 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 >>  
 
1.
Native Tongues: The Languages That Once Mapped the American Landscape Have Almost Vanished
Magazine article by Nancy Lord; Sierra, Vol. 81, November 1996
Subjects: Language and languages--Social aspects, Native Americans--Languages, Sociolinguistics--Analysis
...which differs dramatically from Indo-European languages in its treatment of time. Instead of rigid past...time into two modes: objective (the manifest, or things that exist...cant compensate for traditional family-to-child language learning...
2.
The Man Who Loved Languages: A Scholar with the Ability and Audacity to Rebuild the Tower of Babel Died a Year Ago, but His Controversial Project Lives On
Magazine article by Richard B. Woodward; American Scholar, Vol. 75, Autumn 2006
Subjects: Linguistics--Research, Linguists--Research, Starostin, Sergei--Research
...each other, and to the extinct languages of Gothic and Burgundian, than any...in their phonemes and morphemes-the most basic units of sound and...that link them together in the Indo-European (IE) family hypothesized by Jones (and also...
3.
The Lost Tribe: This Is the Second and Concluding Part of Amani Olubanjo Buntu's Wide Ranging Piece on the History of the African Glory and Downfall in Asia, the Merit of Which Is to Question the White European Scholars' View of African Civilisations. You May Agree or Disagree with the Views Expressed. but They Give Food for Thought
Magazine article by Amani Olubanjo Buntu; New African, November 2003
Subjects: African history--Analysis
...probably spoke an Indo-European language originally...Abraham was the son of Terah, who...He and his Family started the...groups and languages. Aboriginal...themselves as "the custodians of the land...Australia in pre-European times. The...
4.
Old-Time Religion, Old-Time Language: Jesus Buried in Japan? Literal Belief in the Tower of Babel? Hindu Influence in the American Southwest? in the Context of Nonstandard Claims by Fringe Scholars and Revisionists about the Remote Past, Religion and Language Are Often Intertwined
Magazine article by Mark Newbrook; Skeptical Inquirer, Vol. 31, March 2007
Subjects: Comparative linguistics--Analysis, Historical inaccuracies--Analysis, History--Analysis, History--Errors, inventions, etc., Language and languages--Analysis, Language and languages--Etymology, Language and languages--Religious aspects
...diffusion of the Indo-European language family from a base...Dravidian, Indo-European, or another language family again--would...factor in the resolution of this issue...Sanskrit is the ancestor not only of Indo-European but of all languages! At a detailed...
5.
Farewell to Linguistics?
Magazine article; The Wilson Quarterly, Vol. 25, Summer 2001
Subjects: Language and languages--Social aspects, Linguistics--Research
...Sir William Joness recognition in 1786 of the relationships among Latin, Greek, and Sanskrit led to the idea of an Indo-European family of languages. And linguistic scholars subsequent efforts to identify other such relationships and families were...
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newspaper articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 6 results

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1.
What Happened to Our English?
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, September 12, 2004
...languages, including Esperanto. English is a group of languages growing out of the West Germanic branch of the West Indo-European family of languages. This family of languages has four main branches, namely, Hellenic (Greek); Italic or Latinian which...
2.
Get a Handle on It; ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 30, 2006
...categorised as Finno-Ugric, a branch of the Uralic family of languages. This group is believed to be unrelated to the Indo-European group to which all European languages, except Basque...
3.
Sinking the Titanic; Ill-Fated: The Titanic under Construction in Belfast before Its Tragic Maiden Voyage
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 19, 2008
...documented history of more than 3,000 years, the longest of any single natural language in the Indo-European family. It is also one of the earliest attested languages, with fragmentary records in Mycenaean dating from the 15th or 14th centuries BC. Few...
4.
Death Throes of a Titan; Ill-Fated: The Titanic under Construction in Belfast before Its Tragic Maiden Voyage Picture: PA
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 19, 2008
...documented history of more than 3,000 years, the longest of any single natural language in the Indo-European family. It is also one of the earliest attested languages, with fragmentary records in Mycenaean dating from the 15th or 14th centuries BC. Few...
5.
Emma's Power Drive; Answers to Correspondents
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), November 16, 2006
Subjects: Odense Staalskibsvaerft A-S, Shipbuilding industry
...England? BEFORE the arrival of the Romans, most people in what is now the British Isles spoke languages belonging to the Celtic family of Indo-European tongues - Brittonic (the ancestor of Welsh and Cornish) or Pictish. Goidelic (the ancestor of...
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encyclopedia articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 92 results

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1.
Indo-European Family of Languages, The
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY OF LANGUAGES, THE (table) The Indo-European Family of Languages Anatolian...Subfamily Group Subgroup Languages and Principal Dialects...University Press. Used with the permission of Columbia University Press...
2.
Indo-European
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
INDO-EUROPEAN family of languages having more speakers than any...estimated that approximately half the worlds population speaks an Indo...languages, see the table entitled The Indo-European Family of Languages . By studying the vocabulary...
3.
Baltic Languages
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...a subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. The Indo-European...which the Baltic languages appear to be closest is the Slavic. Because of this, some linguists...division of the Indo-European family. The Baltic tongues...
4.
Celtic Languages
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. At one time...some non-Indo-European languages. These characteristi...characteristics include the absence of a present...and Eskimo languages), and the positioning of the verb...See Indo-European . Bibliography...
5.
Anatolian Languages
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages (see The Indo-European Family of Languages , table...Anatolian languages was apparently...essentially Indo-European. The principal known member of the Anatolian...European family is Hittite...
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