INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY OF LANGUAGES, THE

The Indo-European Family of Languages
SubfamilyGroupSubgroupLanguages and Principal Dialects
AnatolianHieroglypic Hittite*, Hittite (Kanesian)*, Luwian*, Lycian*, Lydian*, Palaic*
BalticLatvian (Lettish), Lithuanian, Old Prussian*
CelticBrythonicBreton, Cornish*, Welsh
ContinentalGaulish*
Goidelic or GaelicIrish (Irish Gaelic), Manx*, Scottish Gaelic
GermanicEast GermanicBurgundian*, Gothic*, Vandalic*
North GermanicOld Norse* (see Norse), Danish, Faeroese, Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish
West Germanic(see Grimm's law)High GermanGerman, Yiddish
Low GermanAfrikaans, Dutch, English, Flemish, Frisian, Plattdeutsch (see German language)
GreekAeolic*, Arcadian*, Attic*, Byzantine Greek*, Cyprian*, Doric*, Ionic*, Koinē*, Modern Greek
Indo-IranianDardic or PisachaKafiri, Kashmiri, Khowar, Kohistani, Romany (Gypsy), Shina
Indic or Indo-AryanPali*, Prakrit*, Sanskrit*, Vedic*
Central IndicHindi, Hindustani, Urdu
East IndicAssamese, Bengali, Bihari, Oriya
Northwest IndicPunjabi, Sindhi
PahariCentral Pahari, Eastern Pahari (Nepali), Western Pahari
South IndicMarathi (including major dialect Konkani), Sinhalese (Singhalese)
West IndicBhili, Gujarati, Rajasthani (many dialects)
IranianAvestan*, Old Persian*
East IranianBaluchi, Khwarazmian*, Ossetic, Pamir dialects, Pashto (Afghan), Saka (Khotanese)*, Sogdian*, Yaghnobi
West IranianKurdish, Pahlavi (Middle Persian)*, Parthian*, Persian (Farsi), Tajiki
Italic(Non-Romance)Faliscan*, Latin, Oscan*, Umbrian*
Romance or RomanicEastern RomanceItalian, Rhaeto-Romanic, Romanian, Sardinian
Western RomanceCatalan, French, Ladino, Portuguese, Provençal, Spanish
Slavic or SlavonicEast SlavicBelarussian (White Russian), Russian, Ukrainian
South SlavicBulgarian, Church Slavonic*, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovenian
West SlavicCzech, Kashubian, Lusatian (Sorbian or Wendish), Polabian*, Polish, Slovak
Thraco-IllyrianAlbanian, Illyrian*, Thracian*
Thraco-PhrygianArmenian, Grabar (Classical Armenian)*, Phrygian*
Tokharian (W China)Tokharian A (Agnean)*, Tokharian B (Kuchean)*
*
____________________
* Asterisk indicates a dead language.
____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The
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books on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 770 results

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1.
An Introduction to the Indo-European Languages
Book by Philip Baldi; Southern Illinois University Press, 1983
Subjects: Indo-European Languages
...identify the parent. The language family to which our selected languages all belong is called the Indo-European family Germ. Indogermanisch...descendants of an ancestral language that we call Primitive or Proto-Indo-European PIE . PIE was...
2.
Indo-European Languages and Archeology
Book by Hugh Hencken; American Anthropological Association, 1955
Subjects: Indo-European Antiquities, Indo-European Languages
...a Mediterranean language. By the third...would place early Indo-European in the southern...places his "proto- Indo-Europeans" in some of these...Trubetzkoys view of an Indo-European linguistic...as the words for family relationships...
3.
From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic
Book by Don Ringe; Oxford University Press, 2006
Subjects: English Language--History, Proto-Germanic Language, Proto-Indo-European Language
...1986). Head and Horn in Indo-European. Berlin: de Gruyter. - (i998...the Position of Tocharian in the Indo-European Family?; Die Sprache 34: 59-123...Reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European Verb; Tocharian and...
4.
Archaic Syntax in Indo-European: The Spread of Transitivity in Latin and French
Book by Brigitte Bauer; Mouton de Gruyter, 2000
Subjects: Indo-European Languages--Syntax, Indo-European Languages--Verb, Proto-Indo-European Language--Syntax
...modern Western Indo-European sister languages...feature; the daughter languages did not change in...differences between language systems and of the...majority of the exotic languages in the past and...another modern Western Indo-European language, or even Latin...analyzed language family, Indo-European...
5.
Indo-European Poetry and Myth
Book by M. L. West; Oxford University Press, 2007
Subjects: Mythology, Indo-European, Mythology, Indo-European, In Literature, Poetry, Ancient--History And Criticism
Introduction Indo-European is primarily a term of...It refers to the great family of languages that now extends across...hypothetical ancestral language from which all the recorded Indo-European languages descend. That affinities...
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journal articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 367 results

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1.
Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction
Journal article by Michael Weiss; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 126, 2006
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction (Book)--Book reviews
Indo-European Language and Culture...by Michael Weiss Indo-European Language...introduction to Indo-European linguistics...Fortsons new book, Indo-European Language...Indo-European family, an outline of...back to the proto-language, since they are...l forms found in languages distinguishing r...
2.
Etruscan and Lemnian Appear to Be Twigs of the Pelasgian Branch of the Indo-european Language Tree
Journal article by John H. Cooper; Mankind Quarterly, Vol. 40, 2000
Subjects: Ancient civilizations, Archaeology, Greek language, Languages, Linguistics
...of the Indo-european Language Tree...relationship of the language of the inscription...Stele The Lemnian Language Lemnian uses...with Anatolian languages such as Hittite...that the two languages, Etruscan and...the Etruscan language. This comparison...branch of the Indo-European family. This conclusion...
3.
Towards a Peri-indo-european Interpretation of the Etruscan Language
Journal article by Damien Erwan Perrotin; Mankind Quarterly, Vol. 40, 1999
Subjects: Ancient civilizations, Languages, Linguistics
...linked to an Indo-European root, albeit...expect from a language loaded with borrowings...Etruscan and Proto-Indo-European. It would be1...in a specific Indo-European family, or even to consider...Between Etruscan and Indo-European 4...
4.
A New Survey of the Indo-Aryan Languages
Journal article by Colin P. Masica; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 125, 2005
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, The Indo-Aryan Languages (Book)--Book reviews
...of the non-Indo-European Munda languages of Bihar itself...northwestern Indo-Aryan as well...this important language and its historical...article of: The Indo-Aryan Languages. Edited by...Routledge Language Family Series, vol...
5.
The Indo-Iranian Word for 'Shank, Shin'
Journal article by Alexander Lubotsky; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 122, 2002
Subjects: Extremities, Lower, Indo-European languages, Leg--Terminology
...ascuua- shank in other Iranian languages. Abaev (III: 119) reconstructs...asku- for Ossetic (Iron) LANGUAGE NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII haunch...2001. Reflexes of Proto-Indo-European *sk in Indo-Iranian. Incontri linguistici...
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magazine articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 58 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Language Origins
Magazine article by Merritt Ruhlen; National Forum, Vol. 76, Winter 1996
Subjects: Evolution, History, Languages
...Proto-Indo-European? Where did it...Europeanists--Indo-European has no known...Everything before Indo-European is...taxonomists, is that Indo-European is...set of other families spread across...more ancient family is called Eurasiatic...branches are Indo-European...every Eurasiatic language preserves both...Indo-European languages, however, retain...
2.
Euro-Turkish: Loanwords Impact Turkish Language Development
Magazine article by Martin Gani; World and I, Vol. 19, February 2004
Subjects: Turkey--Social aspects, Turkic languages--Analysis, Turkic languages--History, Turkic languages--Usage
...English-language entry on its...culture, and language. Unlike most European languages, Turkish...belong to the Indo-European family. It derives...tongues. But Europeans learning even...modern Turkish language has been Europeanized...
3.
Old-Time Religion, Old-Time Language: Jesus Buried in Japan? Literal Belief in the Tower of Babel? Hindu Influence in the American Southwest? in the Context of Nonstandard Claims by Fringe Scholars and Revisionists about the Remote Past, Religion and Language Are Often Intertwined
Magazine article by Mark Newbrook; Skeptical Inquirer, Vol. 31, March 2007
Subjects: Comparative linguistics--Analysis, Historical inaccuracies--Analysis, History--Analysis, History--Errors, inventions, etc., Language and languages--Analysis, Language and languages--Etymology, Language and languages--Religious aspects
...links between languages. These writers...nonstandard views on language that relate...the Sanskrit language, in which...part of the European/West-Asiatic...diffusion of the Indo-European language family from a base...the Sanskrit language, were once...Proto-Indo-European--as distinct...not only of Indo-European but of all languages! At a detailed...
4.
Native Tongues: The Languages That Once Mapped the American Landscape Have Almost Vanished
Magazine article by Nancy Lord; Sierra, Vol. 81, November 1996
Subjects: Language and languages--Social aspects, Native Americans--Languages, Sociolinguistics--Analysis
...late part of the European "discovery" of...Likewise, if a language is rich in ways...dramatically from Indo-European languages in its treatment...speaking their languages at home, and so...for traditional family-to-child language learning. Language...to teach Native languages as second or even...
5.
The Man Who Loved Languages: A Scholar with the Ability and Audacity to Rebuild the Tower of Babel Died a Year Ago, but His Controversial Project Lives On
Magazine article by Richard B. Woodward; American Scholar, Vol. 75, Autumn 2006
Subjects: Linguistics--Research, Linguists--Research, Starostin, Sergei--Research
...database, Indo-European and Uralic share...for Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Uralic...between Proto-Indo-European and Proto...statistical proof for Indo-European and Uralic...Weve gathered languages into about a dozen families," he says...a criterion for language divergence. "I...
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newspaper articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 7 results

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1.
What Happened to Our English?
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, September 12, 2004
...their way into languages worldwide, partly...enters another language area, it may...entered the Japanese language. This isnt too...born out of many languages. ENGLISH ROOTS...branch of the West Indo-European family of languages...
2.
Death Throes of a Titan; Ill-Fated: The Titanic under Construction in Belfast before Its Tragic Maiden Voyage Picture: PA
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 19, 2008
...surviving languages in Europe...single natural language in the Indo-European family. It is also...attested languages, with fragmentary...BC. Few languages, however...Albanian language (spoken...earliest Indo-European...
3.
Sinking the Titanic; Ill-Fated: The Titanic under Construction in Belfast before Its Tragic Maiden Voyage
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), September 19, 2008
...surviving languages in Europe...single natural language in the Indo-European family. It is also...attested languages, with fragmentary...BC. Few languages, however...Albanian language (spoken...earliest Indo-European...
4.
National Day of the Republic of Latvia
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, November 17, 2010
...with the Latvian language having many similarities...with the Estonian language (a Finno-Ugric language). Today, the Latvian and Lithuanian languages are the only surviving...languages of the Indo-European family. The modern name...
5.
Get a Handle on It; ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 30, 2006
...Finno-Ugric, a branch of the Uralic family of languages. This group is believed to be unrelated to the Indo-European group to which all European languages, except Basque,belong. Turkish is a...
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encyclopedia articles on: Indo European Family of Languages The  - 92 results

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1.
Indo-European Family of Languages, The
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
INDO-EUROPEAN FAMILY OF LANGUAGES, THE (table) The Indo-European Family of Languages Anatolian Hieroglypic Hittite...Plattdeutsch (see German language ) Greek Aeolic * , Arcadian...Koine * , Modern Greek Indo-Iranian Dardic or Pisacha...
2.
Indo-European
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
INDO-EUROPEAN family of languages having more speakers than any other language family. It is estimated...population speaks an Indo-European tongue as a first language. The Indo-European...although not all languages spoken in this region...
3.
Indo-Iranian
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages, spoken...Lanka (see The Indo-European Family...table). The Indo-Iranian subfamily...the Indic (or Indo-Aryan), and...Dardic, or Pisacha, languages are Kafiri, spoken...and Romany , the language of the Gypsies...
4.
Native American Languages
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...linguistic family, or stock, as the Indo-European or Afroasiatic...arrival of Europeans or how many...American languages N of Mexico...persons per language; most of...American languages, first presented...single parent language. The existence...found in Indo-European languages is encountered...stocks, or families. There are...language family of North...
5.
Germanic Languages
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages...the other Indo-European languages before 500...survived, the language has been...a primary language by about...Germanic languages are Old Franconian...members of the Indo-European...
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