JOHN III, King of Poland

(John Sobieski)sôbyĕˈskē, 1624–96, king of Poland (1674–96), champion of Christian Europe against the Ottomans. Born to an ancient noble family, he was appointed (1668) commander of the Polish army. He defeated (1673) the Ottomans at Khotin shortly after the death of King Michael, and in 1674 he was elected to succeed Michael. John's plans to recover East Prussia led him to conclude alliances with France (1675) and Sweden (1677) against Frederick William of Brandenburg (the Great Elector). However, the emphasis of his foreign policy changed when Sultan Muhammad IV and the Hungarians under Thököly advanced against Austria. Realizing the danger to all Europe, John allied (1683) with Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and, leading combined imperial and Polish forces, raised the siege of Vienna and defeated the much larger Ottoman army under Kara Mustapha. Despite Leopold's ungrateful reception, John continued his campaign and pursued the Ottomans into Hungary. In 1684 he formed a Holy League with the pope, the emperor, and Venice. In 1686 he made a treaty with Russia that confirmed Russian suzerainty in E Ukraine. However, John's attempts (1684–91) to secure access to the Black Sea by wresting Moldavia and Walachia from the Ottoman Empire were unsuccessful. His loss of military prestige encouraged the nobles to oppose him at home. John's death, followed by the choice of the elector of Saxony as King Augustus II of Poland, marked the virtual end of Polish independence.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: John III King of Poland
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books on: John III King of Poland  - 16592 results

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1.
George III: King and Politicians, 1760-1770
Book by Peter D. G. Thomas; Manchester University Press, 2002
Subjects: George--Iii--King Of Great Britain--1738-1820, Great Britain--History--George Iii, 1760-1820, Great Britain--Kings And Rulers--Biography
...the American War, and John Almon expounded it as...historical fact in his account of the period. It is necessary...accession of the present King, has been to maintain...another matter, and George III had an Achilles heel in...perceived weaknesses of Poland and the Ottoman Empire...
2.
Charles the Twelfth, King of Sweden
Book by Carl Gustafson Klingspor, John A. Gade; Houghton Mifflin Company, 1916
Subjects: Charles--Xii--King Of Sweden--1682-1718, Sweden--History
...belonged to the Danish King. But see what new lands were the heritage of Christina after they...humbling of Muscovy and Poland, of the Island of...evil omen. CHAPTER III THE CALL TO THE THRONE...Shortly before the death of Charles the Eleventh...alliances which the King had contracted in...
3.
Charles the Second, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Book by Ronald Hutton; Clarendon Press, 1989
Subjects: Charles--Ii--King Of England--1630-1685, Great Britain--History--Charles Ii, 1660-1685, Great Britain--Kings And Rulers--Biography
...that he got married. 17 This is one of the few references to Lucy Walters continuing...Ruperts sister Sophia remembered how the King strolled with her on the promenade at...friend . Long after, also, the diarist John Evelyn recalled how he travelled in Lord...
4.
Poland's Last King and English Culture: Stanislaw August Poniatowski, 1732-1798
Book by Richard Butterwick; Oxford University, 1998
Subjects: Poland--Civilization--English influences, Poland--History--Stanislaus II Augustus, 1764-1795, Stanislaw--II August--King of Poland--1732-1798
...satisfy their curiosity. The primate of Poland presided, attended by dignitaries of Church and State, as King Stanislaw August Poniatowski was laid to rest in the Cathedral of St John the Baptist in Warsaw. This was no ordinary...
5.
Queen Christina. Charles XII. Gustav III
Book by Walter Johnson, August Strindberg; University of Washington Press, 1955
Subjects: Charles--Xii--King Of Sweden--1682-1718--Drama, Gustaf--Iii--King Of Sweden--1746-1792--Drama, Kristina--Queen Of Sweden--1626-1689--Drama
...Yes, in Poland! 18 DE...decapitated his king! OXENSTJERNA...Pause Think of it, De la...Vasa -- from Poland. They will...the title of duke first...TOTT: I am king of the world...the son of King John III. . . CHRISTINA...
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journal articles on: John III King of Poland  - 292 results

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1.
A Brief History of Anti-semitism in Poland
Journal article by Allan S. Mohl; The Journal of Psychohistory, Vol. 35, 2007
...unfriendly to the Jews. John instituted the first ghetto in Poland. A fire had broken out...destroyed a good part of the city: the Jews were...driven from the city. The king ordered the Jews to take...campaign against Ivan III, the first Muscovite...
2.
Poland-Lithuania Russia and Peter the Great: Robert Frost Reveals a Neglected Influence on His Reforms
Journal article by Robert Frost; History Review, 1998
Subjects: International relations--History, Kings and rulers--Conduct of life, Monarchy--History, Peter I, Emperor of Russia--Conduct of life, Poland--Relations with Russia
...Augustus II, elector of Saxony and the newly-elected king of Poland-Lithuania. Lubricated by four days of stupendously outrageous...a substantial population of eleven million, and under John III Sobieski (1674-96) it had played a significant part in...
3.
The Polish Catholic Church in Pre- and Post-1989 Poland: An Evaluation(1)
Journal article by Adam A. Hetnal; East European Quarterly, Vol. 32, 1998
Subjects: Catholic Church--Influence, Poland--History, Polish foreign relations--Russia, Russia, Russian foreign relations--Poland
...days for forgiveness. Then John I of England had to humiliate himself before Pope Innocent III (1198-1216), the most powerful...state-church relations in Poland also witnessed periods of...hostility, or distrust. Under King Boleslas the Bold (1058...
4.
Edward III
Journal article by Jeffrey Kahan; Shakespeare Bulletin, Vol. 22, 2004
Subjects: Edward III (Play)--Theater reviews, Theater--Theater reviews
...Salisbury, King of Boheme), Georgan...production of Edward III was billed...French, led by John and supported...Russia, and Poland, lay waste...shock and awe" of American power...jingoist: if John was Saddam Hussein, King Edward fared...this Edward III came across...
5.
"O, How This Mother Swells Up toward My Heart": Performing Mother and Father in Helena Kaut-Howson's Cross-Gender King Lear
Journal article by Elizabeth Klett; Shakespeare Bulletin, Vol. 23, 2005
Subjects: Drama--Criticism and interpretation, Hunter, Kathryn--Performances, Kaut-Howson, Helena--Works, King Lear (Play)--Criticism and interpretation, Plays--Criticism and interpretation
...David Garrick, John Gielgud, Laurence...the sense of latent, pent-up...every inch a king" (4.5.107...in Richard III at the Globe...believable King Lear only...projection of being a male...Europe--and "Poland in particular...Whitley, John. "This Woman Is to Play King Lear. Why...University of Houston
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magazine articles on: John III King of Poland  - 64 results

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1.
The American Monarchy: Frank Prochaska Explores the Relationship between George III and the Founding Fathers, and the Constitutional and Ceremonial Continuities between Britain and America. These He Argues, Rather Than Making America Exceptional, Encouraged Americans to Treat the President as a Republican Substitute for Royalty
Magazine article by Frank Prochaska; History Today, Vol. 57, August 2007
Subjects: American culture--Political aspects, British culture--Political aspects, Franklin, Benjamin--History, George III, King of Great Britain--History, Monarchy--History, Political history--Social aspects, Royalty--Political aspects
...catalogue of crimes. George III loomed large in Americas...US history, an antitype of the Founding Father. A...in the despotism of the King was invaluable in shaping...itself to be. The Puritan John Winthrop fashioned his...elective monarchies, such as Poland, existed in the western...
2.
The Phony War
Magazine article by Jonathan Schell; The Nation, Vol. 273, October 22, 2001
Subjects: Afghanistan Conflict, 2001---Evaluation, Ashcroft, John D.--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Blair, Tony--International relations, Bush, George W.--International relations, Krauthammer, Charles--Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, War on Terrorism, 2001---Evaluation, Wolfowitz, Paul D.--International relations, World Trade Center and Pentagon Attacks, 2001--Evaluation, World War II, 1939-1945--History, Zahir Shah, Mohammad, King of Afghanistan--Endorsements
...unable to intervene in strength in Poland, did not take action right away...Germany--but only to drop millions of propaganda leaflets. And so the...airplanes again, but Attorney General John Ashcroft warned, "We think that...the equivalent of World War III" was upon us. But was this true...
3.
Georges I & II Limited Monarchs: Jeremy Black Reminds Us of the Importance of Two of Britain's Less Well-Loved Monarchs
Magazine article by Jeremy Black; History Today, Vol. 53, February 2003
Subjects: George I, King of England--Biography, George II, King of England--Biography, Monarchy--United Kingdom
...participatory politics (Britain and Poland) found itself linked to...clearly the expression of a ruling house (Hanover...very difficult for William III and Anne to create and...very much opposed, the King backed John, Lord Carteret only to...
4.
John Paul II and the Priority of Culture
Magazine article by George Weigel; First Things: A Monthly Journal of Religion and Public Life, February 1998
Subjects: Anti-communist movements--Religious aspects, Christianity and culture--Analysis, Communism and Christianity--Catholic Church, John Paul II, Pope--Social policy, Liberty--Political aspects
...face of catastrophic floods in Poland in July) had their effect: in...parliament is now the steward of Europes fastest growing economy...intact Catholic culture? That John Paul II gave Poles and Polish...to that historic question. III The evangelical potency of...
5.
Celebrating the Life and Legacy of John H. Johnson 1918-2005
Magazine article by Joy Bennett Kinnon; Ebony, Vol. 60, October 2005
Subjects: Johnson Publishing Company Inc.--Officials and employees, Johnson, John H., Periodical publishing--Officials and employees
...Johnson, adopt their first child, John Harold Johnson Jr. * 1957--Johnson...luminaries, including Martin Luther King Jr., attend the Ghana Independence...Ceremonies, which marked the opening of the African Revolution. * Johnson...President Nixon to Russia and Poland. * 1961--President John F. Kennedy...
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newspaper articles on: John III King of Poland  - 15 results

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1.
Grandeur of Poland: Exhibit Connects History to Art Heritage
Newspaper article by Lisa Rauschart; The Washington Times, April 11, 1999
Subjects: Poland
...more than 35 public collections throughout Poland, the exhibit presents nearly 150 works of fine and decorative art in four major sections...Western elements is always manifest. Although King John III Sobieski led the Polish horsemen to victory...
2.
BALTIC CALEDONIA; Historic Links: Polish Girls in Traditional Costume in Cracow. Left: Bonnie Prince Charlie, Who Was Half-Polish
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), August 28, 2008
...in 1594, King Sigismund III issued an edict against...few years earlier, some of their more successful...mercantile monopoly in Poland: the right to supply the...just of Scots, but of King James VI, also known as...granddaughter of King John Sobieski who had saved...
3.
Obituaries
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), January 13, 2000
...Wis.; mother, Nora Hayes of Austin, Texas; brother, John (Diana) Hayes of Austin; sisters, Colvita White and Emma Johnson, both...Starr, Gene Jr., and Monesha Morrison, and Teanna, Leo III and Cleo Hayes; three great- grandchildren; and a host...
4.
Catholic Schools Not Keeping Faith in Selecting Speakers
Newspaper article by Julia Duin; The Washington Times, May 19, 2000
...Walesa, former president of Poland and 1983 Nobel Peace Prize...Sanchez, former president of Costa Rica and winner...Angeles basketball coach John Wooden. Prairie View...Staff Thomas F. McLarty III. University of California...tennis champion Billie Jean King. University of New Hampshire...
5.
When Ottoman Army Attacked Vienna
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, April 19, 2009
Subjects: Armies, Military maneuvers, Military operations
...Saxony. King John Sobieski of Poland, a proven warrior, brought...personal command. The plan of attack involved crossing...toward Hungary, pursued by King John Sobieski and Duke Charles...August 1697, Sultan Mustafa III led 80,000 troops across...
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encyclopedia articles on: John III King of Poland  - 38 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-38 >>  
 
1.
John III , King of Poland
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
JOHN III , king of Poland (John Sobieski)sobye ske, 1624 96, king of Poland (1674 96), champion...ungrateful reception, John continued his...unsuccessful. His loss of military prestige...of Saxony as King Augustus II of Poland, marked the virtual...
2.
John II , King of Poland
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Poland (John Casimir), 1609 72, king of Poland (1648 68), son of Sigismund III . He was elected...abused. The king and his French...Gonzague (widow of Ladislaus IV...the nobles. John abdicated a...that of John III...
3.
Ladislaus IV , King of Poland
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...of Poland 1595 1648, king of Poland (1632 48), son and successor of Sigismund III . His reign was marked by...succeeded by his brother, John II...Used with the permission of Columbia University Press...
4.
Wenceslaus III , King of Bohemia
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...On the death of Andrew III of Hungary, last of the Arpad...dynasty, he was elected (1301) king of Hungary. Unable to assert...Olomouc while marching to Poland. He was the last of the...Premyslids. After an interregnum, John of Luxemburg, who married...
5.
Charles IX , King of Sweden
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Lutheranism as the state religion. This measure was passed in anticipation of the arrival (1594) of John IIIs Catholic son and heir, King Sigismund III of Poland, who was obliged to pledge himself to uphold Protestantism in Sweden as a condition for his...
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