NORTH GERMAN CONFEDERATION

1867–71, alliance of 22 German states N of the Main River. Dominated by Prussia, it replaced the German Confederation and included the states that had supported Prussia in the Austro-Prussian War (1866). The South German states, notably Bavaria, Baden, Württemberg, and the grand duchy of Hesse, though excluded from the confederation, were nevertheless closely bound to it through their membership in the Zollverein. Prepared in broad outline by Otto von Bismarck, the constitution of the confederation, when adopted by the members, provided for a federal council (Bundesrat), composed of deputies from the states, and a lower house (Reichstag), elected by direct manhood suffrage. Prussia exercised predominant influence in both bodies. Executive power was vested in the president—the king of Prussia—who appointed the federal chancellor (as it turned out, Bismarck). The states retained their own governments, but the military forces were controlled by the federal government. In 1871 this constitution was adopted, with some changes, by the German Empire, which replaced the confederation.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: North German Confederation
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books on: North German Confederation  - 11634 results

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1.
No North Sea: The Anglo-German Evangelical Network in the Middle of the Nineteenth Century
Book by Nicholas M. Railton; Brill, 2000
Subjects: Evangelical Alliance--Biography, Evangelical Alliance--History--19th Century
...de Louvain) VOLUME 24 NO NORTH SEA The Anglo-German Evangelical Network in the...Railton, Nicholas.: No North Sea : The Anglo-German Evangelical network in the...prior to the setting up of the North German branch of the Evangelical...
2.
America: A Sketch of the Political, Social, and Religious Character of the United States of North America, in Two Lectures, Delivered at Berlin, with a Report Read before the German Church Diet at Frankfort-On-The-Maine, Sept., 1854
Book by Philip Schaff; C Scribner, 1855
Subjects: United States--Church History, United States--Civilization--1783-1865, United States--Religion--19th Century
...vagabonds. Even in a north-German city, where there...III. GERMANY AND AMERICA...THE SIGNIFICANCE OF NORTH AMREICA FOR THE FUTURE...gone backwards. But North America, which is essentially German or Teutonic in nationality...
3.
Britain and the Origins of Canadian Confederation, 1837-67
Book by Ged Martin; University of British Columbia Press, 1995
Subjects: Canada--History--Confederation, 1867, Canada--Politics and government--1841-1867, Constitutional history--Canada, Great Britain--Politics and government--1837-1901
...Canada--History--Confederation, 1867. 2. Canada. British North American Act. 3...endorsed British North American union: Confederation might not provide...his linking of Confederation with British North American defence...
4.
The New Nation: A History of the United States during the Confederation, 1781-1789
Book by Merrill Jensen; Vintage Books, 1950
Subjects: United States--History--Confederation, 1783-1789
...boundary on the north should be either...The Articles of Confederation were written in...Thomas Burke of North Carolina were truly...the Articles of Confederation stating this point...states to the north. 25 By 1790...the Articles of Confederation created a federal...
5.
The Articles of Confederation: The First Constitution of the United States
Book by Barbara Silberdick Feinberg; Twenty-First Century Books, 2002
Subjects: Constitutional History--United States--Juvenile Literature, United States--Articles Of Confederation--Juvenile Literature
...Articles of Confederation and Perpetual...treatment of their North American subjects...hired Hessians, German mercenary soldiers...Deanes plan of confederation is presented...George III hires German mercenary troops to fight in North America. January...
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journal articles on: North German Confederation  - 356 results

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1.
Ten Years of Basic Law Amendments: Developing a Constitutional Model of German Unification
Journal article by Mathew W. Pile; Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 34, 2001
Subjects: Constitutional amendments--Interpretation and construction, German reunification question (1949-1990)--Analysis, Germany. Basic Law, Treaties--Interpretation and construction
...relationship or confederation. Expedient unification...treaties effectuated German unification. Therefore...Hesse, Lower-Saxony, North-Rhine/Westphalia...In other parts of Germany it shall be put...stated: The German people in the Lander...Lower Saxony, North-Rhine/Westphalia...
2.
Bismarck, Prussia & German Nationalism
Journal article by Edgar Feuchtwanger; History Review, 2001
Subjects: Bismarck, Otto von--Foreign relations, Diplomacy--19th century, Germany--Foreign relations, International relations--19th century, Nationalism--19th century, Prussia--Foreign relations
...in the constitution of the North German Confederation set up in 1867 and then extended...1867 North German Confederation...
3.
The Peculiar Course of German History: Edgar Feuchtwanger Warns against Exaggerating the Extent or Significance of Liberalism's Failure in German History
Journal article by Edgar Feuchtwanger; History Review, 2002
Subjects: Germany--History, Germany--Political aspects, Historiography--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Liberalism--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Liberalism--History, Liberalism--Political aspects, Political leadership--Criticism, interpretation, etc., Political leadership--History
...of German liberalism. The constitution of the North German Confederation, later extended to the German empire of 1871...1867 Constitution of the North German Confederation adopted...
4.
German-Jewish History in Modern Times, Vol 2: Emancipation and Acculturation, 1780-1871
Journal article; Journal of European Studies, Vol. 29, 1999
Subjects: Book reviews, Books--Book reviews
...Jersch-Wenzel. This process was inaugurated in the 1780s and only fully completed when the Jews gained equality in the North German Confederation of 1869 and the Reich of 1871. In between there was an uneven development in the various German states. Piecemeal...
5.
A Chronology of Events the Collapse of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and Steps Toward German Unity: May 1989-January 1991
Journal article by Evron M. Kirkpatrick; World Affairs, Vol. 152, 1990
Subjects: Arbitration, International, International Relations, Peace
...proposes a ten-point plan to achieve a German confederation as a bridge to German unity. Egon Krenz says unity is not on his agenda...1990. 3 May 1990: Foreign ministers of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization meet in Brussels...
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magazine articles on: North German Confederation  - 94 results

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1.
Napoleon and German Identity: How Napoleon Laid Up Trouble for Future Generations of Frenchmen by Kick-Starting Prussian and German Domination of Eastern Europe
Magazine article by Tim Blanning; History Today, Vol. 48, April 1998
Subjects: Germany--History, Napoleonic Wars, 1800-1814--Influence
...gains in Italy to counter-balance losses north of the Alps. It was Napoleons crushing...Jena and Auerstedt in 1806 which put Germany at his mercy. He remodelled it in three...serve as Europes soft centre, a loose confederation of princes and city-republics under the...
2.
The German National Question and 1848
Magazine article by John Breuilly; History Today, Vol. 48, May 1998
Subjects: Germany--History
...throughout the Confederation, all meant that...politically concerned Germans were made aware...of the Bund in north Italy, Bohemia...Austrian part of the Confederation join a German nation-state while...expelled from north Italy and it conceded...
3.
Tocqueville and the Odd Couple: A Review of Franco-German Relations
Magazine article by Max Beloff; The National Interest, Spring 1999
Subjects: France--Relations with Germany, Germany--Relations with France, Tocqueville, Alexis de--Attitudes
...There were signs in particular that the new German Chancellor Schroder, having his political roots in a Protestant north Germany with its partially maritime outlook, might try to give a greater role to Britain in Europes affairs, and there was...
4.
Two Steps Forward, Three Steps Back: The Problems of a Divided Cyprus Will Not Go Away despite a Groundswell of Public Opinion, Especially in the North, That the 29-Year Breech Must Now Be Healed
Magazine article by Justin Keay; The Middle East, April 2003
Subjects: Annan, Kofi--Political activity, Cyprus--Political aspects, Denktash, Rauf--Political activity, European Union--Management, International relations--Analysis
...the UN peace plan--which essentially envisages Cyprus as a confederation of equal parts--contains much else that is unacceptable to...of southern refugees to return to their former homes in the north. As The Middle East went to press Tayyip Erdogan said he...
5.
The Working Caste
Magazine article by Leah Platt; The American Prospect, Vol. 12, May 7, 2001
Subjects: Alien labor--International aspects, International Confederation of Free Trade Unions--Research, Palestinian Arabs--Employment
...they must choose between the two. For all its restrictions, Germany is downright welcoming compared to Japan, a country known for...president, Vicente Fox, recently suggested an expansion of the North American Free Trade Agreement to include the free movement of...
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newspaper articles on: North German Confederation  - 27 results

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1.
A Sign of Good and Evil; ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), February 25, 2005
...were said to represent Blut und Boden (Blood and Soil), taken from the black, red and white colours of the North German Confederation flag produced by Otto von Bismarck. Michael J. W. Cassidy, Kenley, Surrey. ADOLF HITLER himself decided...
2.
Rizal, the Father of Filipino Nationalism
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, December 30, 2008
...Holstein. In the Seven Weeks War of 1866, Prussia defeated Austria and assumed the presidency of the new North German Confederation, while Italy took her chance to wrest Venetia from the control of Vienna. This Enhancement of Prussian power...
3.
Pride in Great Cities; Tom Fleming Talks to Businessman and Politician Ken Wood about the New Midlands
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), May 22, 2009
...in Birmingham but raised and educated north of the border before returning to work...people into Birmingham," he declares. "The German market at Christmas is a great success...registered with the Recruitment and Employment Confederation. He has temps that have been associated...
4.
Head-On M4 Smash Kills 5
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), September 18, 2007
...Newport and the surrounding area." Mike German, leader of the Liberal Democrats in Wales...solution." David Rosser, director of the Confederation of Businesses (CBI) Wales raised fears...collision between junction 32 and 30, north of Cardiff. December 21, 2006 A motorcyclist...
5.
Inviting a Repeat of History
Newspaper article by Martin Sieff; The Washington Times, March 2, 1997
Subjects: Zyuganov, Gennadi
...led by Alexander Sergeyev and the Labor Confederation of Russia led by Viktor Nekrasov. Gennady...children are starving and freezing in the north of Russia. Whole sectors of the economy...by billions of dollars of American and German financial support for the Yeltsin government...
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encyclopedia articles on: North German Confederation  - 40 results

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1.
North German Confederation
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
NORTH GERMAN CONFEDERATION 1867 71, alliance of...Prussia, it replaced the German Confederation and included the states...with some changes, by the German Empire, which replaced the confederation. ____________________ Copyright...
2.
German Confederation
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...the Austro-Prussian War (1866) led to the dissolution of the confederation and the establishment of the North German Confederation under Prussian leadership. ____________________ Copyright 2009 Columbia University Press. Used with the...
3.
Zollverein
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...the numerous states of the German Confederation . In 1818, Prussia abolished internal customs and formed a North German Zollverein, which in...the union. The newly formed North German Confederation entered the Zollverein in...
4.
Reichstag
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...chamber of the federal parliament of the North German Confederation , and for the lower chamber of the federal parliament of Germany from 1871 to 1945. Under the German Empire (1871 1918) the Reichstag, which...
5.
DelbrÜck, Rudolf Von
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...statesman. He served (1857 76) under Bismarck as president of the chancellery of the North German Confederation (1866 71) and, after 1871, of the German Empire. A protagonist of free trade and liberal economics, he opposed Bismarcks adoption...
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