PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL

device used to stimulate a rhythmic heartbeat by means of electrical impulses. Implanted in the body when the heart's own electrical conduction system (natural pacemaker) does not function normally, the battery-powered device emits impulses that trigger heart-muscle contraction at a rate that is preset or is determined by demand. The device today may be as small as one inch (2.5 cm) in diameter and weigh as little as 0.5 oz. (14 gm). It is implanted, using local anesthetic, under a flap of skin in the chest or abdomen. One or more electrodes are threaded through a vein from the device to the right side of the heart. First developed in the 1960s, pacemakers originally sent one steady beat to the heart. Modern versions can monitor the heart and activate only when necessary; they are also less sensitive to outside sources of electromagnetic radiation than earlier versions. Most pacemakers run on lithium batteries, which need to be replaced about every 10 years. See also arrhythmia.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Pacemaker Artificial
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books on: Pacemaker Artificial  - 77 results

       More book Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Optimality in Biological and Artificial Networks?
Book by Daniel S. Levine, Wesley R. Elsberry; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks (Computer Science)
...crucible eagle foot gorilla house lake marionette mussel oyster crucifix car footpath gourd houseboat lamb marketplace mustang pacemaker crumb eardrum footprint grackle housefly lamprey marmoset muzzle paddle crypt earphone footstool grape huckleberry landfill...
2.
Artificial Nutrition and Hydration and the Permanently Unconscious Patient: The Catholic Debate
Book by Ronald P. Hamel, James J. Walter; Georgetown University Press, 2007
Subjects: Coma--Patients--Religious Aspects--Catholicism, Euthanasia--Moral And Ethical Aspects, Fluid Therapy--Moral And Ethical Aspects, Loss Of Consciousness, Medical Ethics, Medicine--Religious Aspects
...mechanical respirator, a cardiac pacemaker, a renal dialysis machine, or artificial nutrition and hydration...pathology which, without artificial nutrition and hydra- tion...obligatory to in- tervene with artificial nutrition and hydration...
3.
Natural-Born Cyborgs: Minds, Technologies, and the Future of Human Intelligence
Book by Andy Clark; Oxford University Press, 2003
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence--Social Aspects, Cyborgs, Human-Computer Interaction, Neurosciences--Social Aspects, Technology--Social Aspects
...com- bine the implanted pump with an artificial control loop, creating in Rose a new...Rose, like the human being with the pacemaker, is prob- ably a bit of a disappointment...pretty much a rat nonetheless, and one pacemaker doth not a Terminator make. Cyborgs...
4.
Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
Book by Michael G. Shafto, Pat Langley; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence--Congresses, Cognition--Congresses, Cognitive Neuroscience--Congresses, Cognitive Science--Congresses, Computational Linguistics--Congresses
...litterature: Different neuronal populations activated in the process are working in parallel, but asynchronously ; there is no pacemaker to synchronize them. Recognition is not an instantaneous, sudden event, in spite of the subjective impression , but a process...
5.
Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society: July 12-15, 1996, University of California, San Diego
Book by Garrison W. Cottrell; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1996
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence--Congresses, Cognition--Congresses, Cognitive Neuroscience--Congresses, Cognitive Science--Congresses, Computational Linguistics--Congresses
...1990 ; they differ mainly in the form of the clock and perceptual store. For many of the models, the clock is a fast neural pacemaker which generates discrete neural pulses at an average rate , and the perceptual store maintains a "count" of the number of...
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journal articles on: Pacemaker Artificial  - 33 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-33 >>  
 
1.
Is It Permissible to Shut off This Pacemaker?
Journal article by Ferdinand D. Yates Jr., Robert D. Orr; Ethics & Medicine, Vol. 24, 2008
Subjects: Blood transfusions, Chronic illnesses, Colonoscopy, Decision making, Heart failure, Hemodialysis, Quality of life
...reasoning, turning a pacemaker off may be ethically...heart, an implanted pacemaker becomes an integral...predicts that without artificial pacing, the patients...a patient to refuse pacemaker insertion, it is an...permissible because it is artificial technology, comparable...
2.
The Profit Motive for High-Tech Healing
Journal article by John Hood; Policy Review, 1997
Subjects: Entrepreneurship--Technique, Medical equipment and supplies industry--Officials and employees, Medtronic Inc.--History, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--History
...small child with a heart blockage. The pacemaker immediately restored the childAEs heartbeat...near normal. The age of the modern pacemaker--and, it turns out, the modern...itself as a leading manufacturer of pacemakers, and had improved their reliability...disease, doctors needed an implantable pacemaker. In October 1960, Hermundslie flew...
3.
Material Compatibility and the Human Body
Journal article by Hassan B. Ndahi; The Technology Teacher, Vol. 61, 2001
Subjects: Biomaterials--Usage, Biomedical materials--Usage, Implants, Artificial--Materials, Prostheses and implants--Materials, Prosthesis--Materials
...surgical repair, implanting artificial prostheses, and mechanical...human heart, or implanting a pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat...design and manufacture of the artificial heart valve from plastic biomaterials...1995). Ventricles for artificial heart implants are sometimes...
4.
Implantable Brain Chips? Time for Debate
Journal article by Jr. G.Q. Maguire, Ellen M. Mcgee; The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 29, 1999
Subjects: Bionics--Ethical aspects, Implants, Artificial--Ethical aspects, Prostheses and implants--Ethical aspects
...million people living with artificial implants.1 They use breast...use bionic limbs, cardiac pacemakers, small implantable pumps...Administration approved a pacemaker-like brain implant to...what a camera sees or on an artificial "window" interface. But...position in the field of artificial intelligence and cognitive...
5.
Why Does Removing Machines Count as "Passive" Euthanasia?
Journal article by Patrick D. Hopkins; The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 27, 1997
Subjects: Euthanasia--Ethical aspects, Life support care--Usage, Life support systems (Critical care)--Usage, Right to refuse treatment--Ethical aspects, Treatment refusal--Ethical aspects
...the idea that simply turning it off counts as a passive action? What if this artificial pulmonary system ends up like the pacemaker or an artificial his? If artificial lungs could be as efficient and as internal as a pacemaker, I suspect the...
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magazine articles on: Pacemaker Artificial  - 31 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-31 >>  
 
1.
A Gentler Jolt and Tickle for Trembling Hearts: Implanted Defibrillators and Pacemakers
Magazine article by Dixie Farley; FDA Consumer, Vol. 28, April 1994
Subjects: Arrhythmia--Care and treatment, Defibrillators--Innovations, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Innovations, Pacemakers--Innovations
...implanted artificial pacemaker or defibrillator...pacing with an external pacemaker is possible by threading...surgical correction. Artificial Pacemakers The pulse generator of the artificial pacemaker corrects for a defective...
2.
Selling Used Pacemakers Lands Businessman in Jail
Magazine article by Kevin L. Ropp; FDA Consumer, Vol. 27, December 1993
Subjects: Fraud investigation--Cases, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Investigations, Pacemakers--Investigations, Walton, Michael M.--Cases
...new outdated and previously used pacemakers and pacemaker leads. He also received two years...had unconfirmed information that pacemakers and pacemaker leads were being labeled to extend...Walton would send the removed pacemakers and leads to various pacemaker and lead manufacturers to be resterilized...
3.
Firm Pleads Guilty to Selling Faulty Pacemakers
Magazine article by Dixie Farley; FDA Consumer, Vol. 23, September 1989
Subjects: Cordis Corp.--Cases, Medical equipment and supplies industry--Cases, Medical equipment industry--Cases, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Product defects and recalls, Pacemakers--Product defects and recalls
...felonies and 13 misdemeanors in its pacemaker operations. Some of these crimes...fainting directly traceable to failed pacemakers. One patient even needed a temporary...D., stressed that most of the pacemakers designated "defective" did not...Whether to remove an implanted pacemaker that is a recalled model but that...which involved nearly 29,000 pacemakers. Cordis sold its entire pacemaker division in 1987 to Telecronics...
4.
Protecting Pacemakers from Interference
Magazine article; USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), Vol. 127, June 1999
Subjects: Defibrillators--Design and construction, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Design and construction, Pacemakers--Design and construction
...experienced. Ironically, the features of a pacemaker or defibrillator that allow it to respond...electromagnetic interference. Modern pacemakers and implantable defibrillators sense...heartbeat," Woody explains. "The pacemaker could detect that signal as a heartbeat...external signals. In addition, modern pacemakers contain a "noise" mode that temporarily...
5.
Two New Treatments for Congestive Heart Failure
Magazine article; FDA Consumer, Vol. 35, November 2001
Subjects: Congestive heart failure--Care and treatment, Natrecor (Medication)--Laws, regulations and rules, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Laws, regulations and rules, Pacemakers--Laws, regulations and rules, United States. Food and Drug Administration--Laws, regulations and rules
...drug injection and a new type of pacemaker--recently were approved by the...candidates for a biventricular pacemaker. The InSync Biventricular Cardiac...System is the first biventricular pacemaker approved for treating the symptoms...
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newspaper articles on: Pacemaker Artificial  - 37 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-37 >>  
 
1.
Pacemakers Found More Dependable Than Defibrillators
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, April 26, 2006
Subjects: Defibrillators, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart), Pacemakers
...William H. Maisel, director of pacemaker and device services at Beth Israel...comparing the reliability" of the pacemaker and the ICD, Dr. Maisel said yesterday...malfunction rates for 2.25 million pacemakers and 415,780 ICDs that were implanted...a sharp drop from 2002 to 2004. Pacemaker reliability "improved markedly...percent, compared with 1 percent for pacemakers, said Dr. Maisel, noting that...
2.
Setting the Pace; EDUCATION MATTERS UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM 1960s: Developing Pacemakers 2008: Tackling Global Obesity
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), March 10, 2008
Subjects: Obesity, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart), Pacemakers, University of Birmingham
...OF BIRMINGHAM 1960s: Developing Pacemakers 2008: Tackling Global Obesity. From developing the first pacemaker to tackling global obesity, the...February 1960 when the first heart pacemaker was fitted in Britain at the Queen...During the 1950s, electronic pacemakers were developed for people whose...pacemaker. The secret of the variable pacemaker was a "transformer". A primary...that date, more than two million pacemakers have been implanted worldwide...
3.
Trying Brain Pacemakers to Zap Psychiatric Disease
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, February 22, 2011
Subjects: Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Mental disorders, Mental illness, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart), Pacemakers
Trying Brain Pacemakers to Zap Psychiatric Disease. WASHINGTON (AP) - Call them brain pacemakers, tiny implants that hold promise for...Tiny electrical jolts - running from a pacemaker-like generator near the collarbone...skip the ritual.But with the brain pacemaker, somehow that behavior therapy starts...
4.
YOU CAN FORGET USING PACEMAKERS HERE,AUSSIE STEWARDS TELL O;BRIEN; AT the Centre of A Storm Melbourne Cup Favourite Septimus Pictures REUTERS
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), October 27, 2008
Subjects: Melbourne Cup (Horse race), Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart), Pacemakers
...TVN late last week about the use of pacemakers in the November 4 race. Bailey has...unequivocally warned him that the use of a pacemaker would not be tolerated, even if...European racing permits the use of pacemakers in feature races and OBrien took...Septimus had not needed to rely on a pacemaker to win the St Leger. He didnt beat...them, Murphy said. He doesnt need pacemakers.
5.
Hacking Your Body Experts Warn Medical Devices, like Pacemakers, Could Be Tampered with from the Outside
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), September 12, 2011
Subjects: Medical equipment--Technology application, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart)--Technology application, Pacemakers--Technology application, Physiological apparatus--Technology application
Hacking Your Body Experts Warn Medical Devices, like Pacemakers, Could Be Tampered with from the Outside. Byline: Lee...operates with wireless technology. Medical devices such as pacemakers, insulin pumps and blood-glucose monitors have been...they had been able to override the control mechanism of a pacemaker using a device that mimicked it. They found they could...
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encyclopedia articles on: Pacemaker Artificial  - 5 results

 
 
1.
Pacemaker, Artificial
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL device used to stimulate...conduction system (natural pacemaker) does not function normally...developed in the 1960s, pacemakers originally sent one steady...earlier versions. Most pacemakers run on lithium batteries...
2.
Plutonium
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Plutonium-238 has been used to power scientific equipment in lunar exploration and implanted heart pacemakers (see pacemaker, artificial ). Plutonium is an extremely dangerous poison; it collects in the bones and interferes with the production...
3.
Heart , in Anatomy
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...sinoatrial (S-A) node, or pacemaker. Advances in Cardiology One...advances in cardiology is the artificial pacemaker used to electrically...design and construction of an artificial heart both the entire organ...cardiovascular disease (see heart, artificial ), but the limited success...
4.
Kantrowitz, Adrian
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...using both surgery and more than 20 artificial devices. He devised (with Alan Lerrick...lung machine (1958), an internal pacemaker (1961 62), and (with Tetsuzo Akutsu...ventricular assist device (see under heart, artificial ). In 1966 he performed the first implantation...
5.
Arrhythmia
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...sinoatrial node, often referred to as the hearts natural pacemaker. It travels to a second clump of tissue called the atrioventricular...rhythm can be maintained by implanted electrodes that act as artificial pacemakers . Tachycardia, or heartbeat faster than 100 beats per...


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