PARIS, CONGRESS OF

1856, conference held by representatives of France, Great Britain, the Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Sardinia, Russia, Austria, and Prussia to negotiate the peace after the Crimean War. In the Treaty of Paris (Mar. 30, 1856), Russia agreed to the neutralization of the Black Sea, which was to be closed to war vessels and opened to the merchant marines of all nations. The Danubian principalities (Moldavia and Walachia, after 1859 called Romania) were recognized as quasi-independent states under Ottoman suzerainty; to them Russia ceded the left bank of the mouth of the Danube and part of Bessarabia. The lower Danube was placed under an international commission. The boundaries of Russia and the Ottoman Empire in Asia were restored to their prewar limits (to the detriment of Russia). The Ottoman Empire became a member of the European concert, and its integrity was guaranteed; the sultan in turn promised to improve the status of his Christian subjects. Several principles of international law were adopted by the congress in the Declaration of Paris. The provisions of the treaty were altered (1878) by the Congress of Berlin.

See C. D. Hazen et al., Three Peace Congresses of the Nineteenth Century (1917).

____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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books on: Paris Congress Of  - 46300 results

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1.
The Congress of Vienna, 1814-1815
Book by C. K. Webster; Humphrey Milford; Oxford University Press, 1919
Subjects: Vienna (Austria)--Congress, 1814-1815
...COMPLETION OF THE CONGRESS...The return of Napoleon...Peace of Paris Nov. 20...Personalities of the Congress. -- When...Article XXXII of the Treaty of Paris, agreed that...intelligible. The Congress had been...Treaties of Paris, and its...
2.
The Congress of Arras, 1435: A Study in Medieval Diplomacy
Book by Joycelyne Gledhill Dickinson; Biblio and Tannen, 1972
Subjects: Arras, France--Congress, 1435, Burgundy (France)--Treaties, Etc--France--1435
...revaluation of this event...in London, Paris, Dijon, and...although the Congress was held at...envoys to the Congress conducted...independently of either their...masters. That Paris was the key...as to the Congress in 1435...the period of king Johns imprisonment. Paris had the dominating...
3.
Indians and Colonists at the Crossroads of Empire: The Albany Congress of 1754
Book by Timothy J. Shannon; Cornell University Press, 2000
Subjects: Albany Congress--(1754 :--Albany, N.Y.), Great Britain--Colonies--North America--History--18th Century, Indians Of North America--Government Relations--To 1789, Iroquois Indians--Politics And Government, United States--Politics And Government--To 1775
...June 16, 1753 The story of the Albany Congress begins not in the council chambers and assembly halls of colonial capitals but on the fringe of...Early American History," From London or Paris, the Mohawk Valley divided North America...
4.
The Correspondence of Prince Talleyrand and King Louis XVIII during the Congress of Vienna
Book by M. G. Pallain, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Paerigord; Harper & Brothers, 1881
Subjects: Vienna (Austria)--Congress, 1814-1815
...DURING THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA HITHERTO...AFFAIRS AT PARIS WITH A PREFACE...final act of the Congress of Vienna. He re-entered Paris with Louis...Russia at the Congress of Vienna. On...concluded at Paris, under the auspices...
5.
Encyclopedia of Eastern Europe: From the Congress of Vienna to the Fall of Communism
Book by Richard Frucht; Garland Pub., 2000
Subjects: Europe, Eastern--Encyclopedias
...Napoleon; Polish Congress Kingdom; Russia...81) Tsar of Russia. Alexander...Treaty of Paris in March 1856...Additionally, the Congress Kingdom of Poland was...Treaty of Paris. After revolts...Pan-Slavism; Paris, Treaty of; Polish Congress Kingdom; Polish...
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journal articles on: Paris Congress Of  - 2485 results

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1.
The 15th World Congress of Accountants: Service to the Public Is Primary
Journal article by Colleen Katz; Journal of Accountancy, Vol. 185, 1998
Subjects: Accounting--Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc., International Federation of Accountants--Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc., World Congress of Accountants--Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc.
...assembled for the World Congress of Accountants--this time in Paris. As the 6,000 participants...to address a world congress, and a group of women in attendance...membership. The U.S. Congress currently is debating enlargement of NAFTA in the context...
2.
Francis Younghusband: Founder of the World Congress of Faiths
Journal article by Marcus Braybrooke; Journal of Ecumenical Studies, Vol. 41, 2004
Subjects: Younghusband, Francis Edward, Sir, Sir--Biography
...in recruiting religious leaders. A continuing body was set up, named the World Congress of Faiths. Conferences were held in Oxford (1937), Cambridge (1938), and Paris (1939). Even during World War II, conferences were held, and Younghusband started...
3.
Writers Take Sides, Stalinists Take Control: The Second International Congress for the Defense of Culture (Spain 1937)
Journal article by Robert S. Thornberry; The Historian, Vol. 62, 2000
Subjects: Authors--Political activity, International Congress of Writers for the Defense of Culture--History, Spanish Civil War, 1936-1939--History
...Mutualite in Paris, the First International Congress of Writers for...Embassy in Paris offered by...International Congress for the Defense of Culture officially...the problem of getting delegates...border," in "A Congress in Spain...Iberico (Paris, 1963), 429...
4.
Rough Journal Page Documenting Ratification and Final Page of the Treaty of Paris, 1783
Journal article by Lee Ann Potter; Social Education, Vol. 72, 2008
Subjects: British history, 1714-1815--Study and teaching, Historic documents--Educational aspects, Historic documents--Usage, Treaties--Study and teaching, Treaty of Paris, 1783, United States-United Kingdom, United States history, 1783-1789 (Confederation)--Study and teaching, United States history--Confederation, 1783-1789, United States history--Study and teaching
...Treaty of Paris, 1783 Rough Journal of the Continental Congress Transcription...Confederation Congresses and the Constitutional...final page of the Exchange...Treaty of Paris, 1783, comes...Continental Congress are available...The Treaty of Paris is available...
5.
The Dove Flies East: Whitehall, Warsaw and the 1950 World Peace Congress
Journal article by Phillip Deery; The Australian Journal of Politics and History, Vol. 48, 2002
Subjects: Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes, Pacific settlement of international disputes--Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc., Pacific settlement of international disputes--History, Peace movements--Conferences, meetings, seminars, etc., Peace movements--History, Peace movements--Political aspects
...flew from Paris (rather than...operation (Congress propagandists...protracted dribble of Congress participants...Sheffield Congress. The duplicity of the governments...Embassy in Paris was being...The World Congress of Partisans for Peace, Paris, 20-25 Apr...
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magazine articles on: Paris Congress Of  - 1148 results

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1.
France
Magazine article; History Today, Vol. 49, April 1999
Subjects: Books--Reviews, Hairstyles and Fashion: A Hairdresser's History of Paris, 1910-1920 (Book)--Reviews, Lourdes: Body and Spirit in the Secular Age (Book)--Reviews, Monarchy and Consent: The Coronation Book of Charles V of France (Book)--Reviews, Peacemaking in Early Modern Europe: Cardinal Mazarin and the Congress of Westphalia, 1643-48 (Book)--Reviews, Robespierre (Book)--Reviews, Saint-Saens: A Critical Biography (Book)--Reviews, The Making of the Dentiste 1650-1780 (Book)--Reviews
...Peacemaking in Early Modern Europe: Cardinal Mazarin and the Congress of Westphalia, 1643-48 by Derek Croxton (Associated University...1920s, Hairstyles and Fashion: A Hairdressers History of Paris, 1910-1920 edited by Steven Zdatny (Berg, 39.99 hb pounds...
2.
Fields Medals: Mathematicians Win Awards for Geometry, Physics, and Probability
Magazine article by E. Klarreich; Science News, Vol. 170, August 26, 2006
Subjects: Algebraic topology--Evaluation, Fields Medal, International Congress of Mathematicians--Conferences, meetings and seminars, Perelman, Grigory--Achievements and awards, Topology--Evaluation
...Medals, presented this week at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Madrid, also went to Wendelin Werner of the University of Paris-Sud in Orsay, Andrei Okounkov of Princeton University, and Terence Tao of the University...
3.
How Congress Got Us out of Vietnam: Once upon a Time, Congress Put an End to a Bloody Debacle. It Can Do It Again
Magazine article by Julian E. Zelizer; The American Prospect, Vol. 18, March 2007
Subjects: Iraq War, 2003---Evaluation, United States foreign relations--Military aspects, United States. Congress--Powers and duties, Vietnam War, 1959-1975--Influence
...culminating with the 1972 Christmas Bombings and the Paris Peace Accords in January 1973, the president knew that he only had a limited amount of time before Congress finally used the power of the purse to bring the war...
4.
Paris Peace Discord: Hugh Purcell Looks at How 90 Years Ago the British Empire Rejected the Principle of Racial Equality on Which the Commonwealth Is Now Based
Magazine article by Hugh Purcell; History Today, Vol. 59, July 2009
Subjects: Equality--Conferences, meetings and seminars, International security--Conferences, meetings and seminars, Paris Peace Conference, 1919, Security, International--Conferences, meetings and seminars, World War I, 1914-1918
...reference to the Congress Party which was just...home rule instead of autonomy within the...We journeyed to Paris not merely to liquidate...His main aim in Paris was to ban the Japanese...Pacific islands south of the equator and Prime...League package through Congress, Hughes had worked...
5.
Leads Congress Should Pursue; Probing 'October Surprise.'
Magazine article by David Corn; The Nation, Vol. 252, June 24, 1991
Subjects: Iran Hostage Crisis, 1979-1981--Investigations, Misconduct in office--Investigations, United States. Congress--Investigations
...he attended a secret Paris meeting in October 1980...The G.A.O., an arm of Congress, was stymied. Congress should do what it takes...should fly to Madrid and Paris--where Casey and other...private jets in and out of the nearby airports...
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newspaper articles on: Paris Congress Of  - 758 results

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1.
Oh, What a Very Sexual Congress; Critic's Choice RITES OF PEACE: THE FALL OF NAPOLEON AND THE CONGRESS OF VIENNA by Adam Zamoyski (HarperCollins, [Pounds Sterling]25)
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), April 13, 2007
Subjects: Books--Book reviews
...assembled in my antechamber. This was the beginning of the Congress of Vienna, where the anti-Napoleonic coalition of Allies...erstwhile Foreign Minister Talleyrand took control of Paris; the Russian Tsar, Alexander I, occupied the city and...
2.
We Must Do All to Ensure Stability; (Address Delivered at the Centennial Celebrations Launching at the House of Representatives, Quezon City, June 7, 2007.)
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, June 8, 2007
Subjects: United States. Congress. House
...endorsed in December last year by the UN General Assembly. The fate of the global debt-for-equity program should be considered by the G-8 nations, now meeting in Germany, and the Paris Club. An Asian continent without dividing lines Through programs...
3.
Debt for Equity in MDG Projects; A Philippine Proposal for Converting 50 Percent of the Debt Owed by the 100 Highly Indebted Countries to Equity Investments in the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations
Newspaper article; Manila Bulletin, January 26, 2007
Subjects: Banking industry, Millennium Development Goals (Report), Paris Club--Social policy, United Nations--Social policy, United States. Congress. House--Social policy, World Bank--Social policy
...Representatives Congress of the Republic of the...G-8 Nations, the Paris Club, all the Heads...constructively in the Paris Club. Yours sincerely...from the President of the Asian Development...of Representatives Congress of the Philippines...
4.
Serving the Public; Ex-Congress Member Sought a Greater Voice
Newspaper article; The Washington Times (Washington, DC), July 28, 2009
Subjects: American University--Crimes against, American University--Political activity, Feminism--Political aspects, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development--Crimes against, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development--Political activity
...Morella, a Republican, decided to run for a seat in Congress. I believed that because of my experience and commitment, I could contribute...Economic Cooperation and Development, and she lived in Paris. Of the 30 ambassadors and at the insistence of...
5.
Israel's Expansion Upsets Peace Quartet; Opposition to Amass in Paris
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, December 17, 2007
...administration has requested $400 million from Congress in this years budget. The administration...caretaker government after Hamas seized control of the Gaza Strip in June. Miss Rice said...Bank said last week that even if donors in Paris met the pledge targets, the money will...
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encyclopedia articles on: Paris Congress Of  - 116 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Paris, Congress Of
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
PARIS, CONGRESS OF 1856, conference held by representatives of France, Great...Several principles of international law were adopted by the congress in the Declaration of Paris. The provisions of the treaty were altered (1878) by the Congress...
2.
Berlin, Congress Of
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
BERLIN, CONGRESS OF 1878, called by the signers of the Treaty of Paris of 1856 (see Paris, Congress of ) to reconsider the terms of the Treaty of San Stefano...
3.
Vienna, Congress Of
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...had been reached before the congress convened (see Paris, Treaty of , 1814), but France was represented...reached on Nov. 20, 1815 (see Paris, Treaty of , 1815). The Final Act of...changes brought about by the Congress of Vienna did not endure long...
4.
Paris, Treaty Of
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...to remain binding, as was the Final Act of the Congress of Vienna. On the same day Great Britain, Russia...Alliance . Other Treaties For the Treaty of Paris of 1856, see Paris, Congress of . For the Treaty of Paris of 1898, see Spanish-American...
5.
Paris, Declaration Of
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...concerning the rules of maritime warfare, issued at the Congress of Paris. It was the first major attempt to codify the international law of the sea. Conflicting methods used in dealing with property...
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