RARE EARTHS

in chemistry, oxides of the rare-earth metals. They were once thought to be elements themselves. They are widely distributed in the earth's crust and are fairly abundant, although they were once thought to be very scarce. Generally, the name of an earth is formed from the name of its element by replacing -um with -a; e.g., the earth of cerium is ceria. Mixed rare earths are used in glassmaking, ceramic glazes, glass-polishing abrasives, carbon arc-light electrode cores, and catalysts for petroleum refining. Individual purified rare earths have many uses, e.g., in lasers and as color-television picture tube phosphors. Important rare-earth minerals include bastnasite, cerite, euxenite, gadolinite, monazite, and samarskite.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Rare Earths
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books on: Rare Earths  - 11789 results

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1.
The History and Use of Our Earth's Chemical Elements: A Reference Guide
Book by Robert E.Krebs; Greenwood Press, 1998
...including the alkaline-Earth metals and so-called rare Earths . The rare Earths arent really scarce; they were just difficult to isolate and identify. Lanthanide Metals rare Earths, including elements of atomic numbers 57 through...
2.
Rivers in Time: The Search for Clues to Earth's Mass Extinctions
Book by Peter D. Ward; Columbia University Press, 2000
Subjects: Biological Diversity, Catastrophes (Geology), Extinction (Biology)
...such undisturbed piles of strata are rare; all too often the long and tor- tured history of the earths surface has thrown the originally horizon...geologists soon began to subdivide the earths sedimentary strata into large-scale units...
3.
Win-Win Ecology: How the Earth's Species Can Survive in the Midst of Human Enterprise
Book by Michael L. Rosenzweig; Oxford University Press, 2003
Subjects: Biological Diversity Conservation--Economic Aspects, Human Ecology, Nature Conservation--Economic Aspects
...rareplant survey, and, in 1992, a survey of rare lizards and amphibians. In 1992, the Air...Nature Conservancy to survey all Eglins rare plants and animals. FNAI found more than...concern. Several are already listed as rare or threatened under the Endangered Species...
4.
Sparing Nature: The Conflict between Human Population Growth and Earth's Biodiversity
Book by Jeffrey K. Mckee; Rutgers University Press, 2003
Subjects: Biological Diversity, Population, Population--Environmental Aspects
...goes extinct this year, and we loose a rare salamander next year. Can we tolerate that...human population growth and the demise of earths biodiversity is a mere academic exercise...that the ecologists interests were in the rare mussels of the rivers riffles then she...
5.
The Earth's Magnetism
Book by Sydney Chapman; Methuen, 1951
Subjects: Geomagnetism
...maintain itself outside the earths atmosphere. Now the atmosphere...electrically conducting, like the rare gases in discharge tubes...decreases towards the poles of the earths magnetic axis, but nevertheless...confined to a small part of the earths surface, but intense disturbance...
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journal articles on: Rare Earths  - 344 results

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1.
The Earth's Open Wounds: Abandoned and Orphaned Mines
Journal article by Scott Fields; Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 111, 2003
...can be reduced to a minor environmental problem, says Church. An especially damaging scenario, although fortunately quite a rare occurrence, says Plumlee, is when an open pit mine is built over what had been an underground mine. Russell says thats what happened...
2.
The Russian Rope: Soviet Economic Motives and the Subversion of Afghanistan
Journal article by Abdul Tawab Assifi; World Affairs, Vol. 145, 1982
Subjects: Arbitration, International, International Relations, Peace
...tantalum, niobium Radioactive elements and rare earths: uranium, thorium, and rare earths Precious metals: lode gold, placer gold...rare metals 4 radioactive elements and rare earths 105 precious metals 118 nonmetallic...
3.
Preparing for the Worst: Using Modeling to Determine Medical Supply Requirements for Terrorism Response
Journal article by Martin Hill, Mike Galarneau, Gerry Pang, Paula Konoske; The Forensic Examiner, Vol. 15, 2006
Subjects: Antiterrorism measures--Management, Medical care--Management, Medical care--United States, Terrorism--Political activity, United States--Domestic policy, United States--Health policy
...br/ Rare earths, plu- Zn-DTPA, Ca-DTPA 1 g Ca-DTPA (Zn-DTPA) in...br/ Rare earths, plu- Chelation...
4.
Technology Transfer from University to Industry: A Large-Scale Experiment with Technology Development and Commercialization
Journal article by Yon Lee, Richard Gaertner; Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 22, 1994
Subjects: Technology transfer--Research, Universities and colleges--Science and technology policy
...Over the years, it has produced hundreds of profitable plant varieties and has contributed to the processing of the rare earths and the development of materials and various metal alloys. The university also is the birthplace of the worlds first...
5.
Books Received
Journal article; The Review of Contemporary Fiction, Vol. 21, 2001
...Directions, 2000. Paper: $9.95. (P) Liberi, Antoni. Madame. Farrar, Straus Giroux, 2000. $26.00. (F) Linnet, Deena. Rare Earths. Foreword by Molly Peacock. BOA Editions, Ltd., 2000. Paper: $12.50. (F,P) Liu, Alvin. The Hell Screens. Four Walls...
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magazine articles on: Rare Earths  - 298 results

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1.
From Rare Earths to Riches: China's Stronghold on the Rare Earths Market Is Not Sustainable, and Outsiders Are Starting to Cash In
Magazine article by Lisa Carapiet; Business Asia, Vol. 15, October 2007
Subjects: Rare earth metal compounds--Environmental aspects, Rare earth metal compounds--Growth, Rare earth metals--Growth, Rare earth metals--Usage
From Rare Earths to Riches: Chinas Stronghold on the Rare Earths Market Is Not Sustainable, and Outsiders...National Academies in March this year, Rare Earths is undeniably an absolute necessity in...
2.
Beware: Gap in the Road Ahead: As the Chinese Government's Control of Its Domestic Minerals Market Tightens-Coupled with Environmental and Production Issues-There Are Fears That Demand for Rare Earths Will Outstrip Supply
Magazine article by Andre Khoury; Business Asia, Vol. 16, April 2008
Subjects: China--Energy policy, Export duties--Laws, regulations and rules, Tungsten industry--International trade, Tungsten industry--Taxation
...Issues-There Are Fears That Demand for Rare Earths Will Outstrip Supply. by Andre...rare and minor metals, including Rare Earths. But by looking after and protecting...few minor worries. In the case of Rare Earths, in a bid to control supply and...
3.
China Gold & Golden Sands: Australia's Mining Entrepreneur Nick Curtis Has Bold Investments and Brave Plans for a Unique Gold Play in China and a Rare Earths Resource from Australia
Magazine article; Business Asia, Vol. 13, June 2005
Subjects: Mineral industry--Company sales and earnings, Mineral industry--Contracts, Mineral industry--Management, Mining industry--Company sales and earnings, Mining industry--Contracts, Mining industry--Management, Sino Gold Ltd.--Company sales and earnings, Sino Gold Ltd.--Contracts, Sino Gold Ltd.--Management
...Unique Gold Play in China and a Rare Earths Resource from Australia. As...Lynas builds good position in rare earths. BY NICK CURTIS During the year...industries, the key markets for Rare Earths. Lynas has seen a solid recovery...
4.
Why Your Daily Fix Can Fix More Than Your Head: Coffee, If Grown Right, Can Be One of the Rare Human Industries That Actually Restore the Earth's Health
Magazine article by Brian Halweil; World Watch, Vol. 15, May 2002
Subjects: Coffee growers--Management, Coffee industry--Environmental aspects, Coffee--Environmental aspects, Environmental impact analysis--Reports, Rain forests--Protection
...coffee, if grown right, can be one of the rare human industries that actually restore the Earths health. by Brian Halweil Take...to have disproportionately high value to the Earths ecological health. Until a few decades ago...
5.
SEDUCED BY SIFAKAS - on a Quest for Images of Some of Earth's Rarest Primates, Two Wildlife Photographers Journey to the Remote Island of Madagascar
Magazine article; National Wildlife, June 2002
Subjects: Madagascar--Natural history, Primates--Varieties
...Quest for Images of Some of Earths Rarest Primates, Two Wildlife...searching for the silky sifaka, a rare, all- white primate. Undaunted...or subspecies), all of them rare and found only on the island...endemic creatures, sifakas are rare and have restricted ranges...
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newspaper articles on: Rare Earths  - 143 results

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1.
Journey to Hole in the Earth's Crust for Welsh Scientists
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), March 2, 2007
Subjects: Cardiff University
...of how the Earth works. The crust is an important part of the Earths engine. This discovery is like an open wound on the surface...rocks exposed are millions of years old. They will provide a rare opportunity to gain insights into the workings of the mantle...
2.
Still Revolving around the Earth's Problems
Newspaper article; The Journal (Newcastle, England), May 12, 2004
Subjects: Roddick, Anita
...them. Youve got to have a transparent and open and honest dialogue with the people you employ - its so rare for that to happen these days, so rare to share information. I think enthusiasm when it comes from the heart is unstoppable." Is success to...
3.
Is This the Final Sundown for the Bushmen of the Kalahari? THE MAIL TRAVELS TO ONE OF THE EARTH'S MOST INHOSPITABLE SPOTS TO FIND OUT THE TRUTH ABOUT A STONE AGE TRIBE THREATENED WITH EXTINCTION
Newspaper article; The Daily Mail (London, England), June 11, 1996
...status symbol in her eyes. `Here Roy is considered great hunter, Belinda proudly assures me in her fractured English. She was the rare beneficiary, for a Bushmans child, of an education. `Roy make beautiful bows that shoot arrows straight to heart of animal...
4.
Flashpoint; EX-TEACHER WAS FIRST IN WORLD TO SNAP RARE LIGHTNING
Newspaper article; Daily Post (Liverpool, England), February 18, 2006
...the time. But when I saw the information in a magazine about a rare event that had excited the scientific community, I suddenly...scientists, are atmospheric discharges which occur much higher in the Earths atmosphere than normal lightning. Blue in colour, they flash...
5.
Bid to Save Rare Marshland
Newspaper article; The Birmingham Post (England), August 30, 2006
...properties are not put at risk of flooding. Wilden Marsh is home to rare plants, old willows and about 70 species of breeding birds...accurately the distribution and circulation of water on and below the earths surface. They will then consider an improvement package that...
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encyclopedia articles on: Rare Earths  - 22 results

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1.
Rare Earths
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
RARE EARTHS in chemistry, oxides of the rare...g., the earth of cerium is ceria. Mixed rare earths are used in glassmaking, ceramic glazes...petroleum refining. Individual purified rare earths have many uses, e.g., in lasers and as...
2.
Rare-Earth Metals
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...usually occur together in minerals as their oxides ( rare earths ) and are somewhat difficult to separate because of their...elements. See F. H. Spedding and A. H. Daane, ed., The Rare Earths (1961, repr. 1971); E. C. Subbarao and W. E. Wallace...
3.
Monazite
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...zit, yellow to reddish-brown natural phosphate of the rare earths , mainly the cerium and lanthanum metals, usually...It is an important source of cerium, thorium, and other rare-earth metals and compounds. ____________________ Copyright...
4.
Earth , in Chemistry
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...readily reducible by chemical means, e.g., alkaline earths , rare earths , and alumina . The name is also applied to certain...compounds, e.g., carbonates, silicates, or hydroxides. Many earths were once thought to be elements . A. L. Lavoisier...
5.
Erbium
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...series in Group 3 of the periodic table . With other rare earths its oxide occurs in the mineral gadolinite, found in...known as erbia and was shown to contain five distinct rare earths, now called erbia, scandia, holmia, thulia, and ytterbia...
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