THERMIDOR

thûrˈmĭdôr, Fr. tĕrmēdôrˈ, 11th month of the French Revolutionary calendar. The coup of 9 Thermidor (July 27, 1794) marked the downfall of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror. The men who came into power were members of the old bourgeoisie and the newly rich who had profited from speculation and inflation. Extravagance in dress and manner prevailed. The Jacobins were suppressed, but the royalists did not gain power. The Thermidorians removed economic controls, thus unleashing inflation, and established some freedom of worship. The principal figures in the so-called Thermidorian reaction included Barras and Tallien. The period ended with the establishment of the Directory (1795).

See A. Mathiez, The Thermidorian Reaction (1929, tr. 1930).

____________________

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Thermidor
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books on: Thermidor  - 804 results

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1.
Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution 1789-1799 - Vol. 2
Book by Samuel F. Scott, Barry Rothaus; Greenwood Press, 1985
Subjects: France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799--Dictionaries
9-10 Thermidor, his armed supporters succeeded in releasing...the early hours of the morning of 10 Thermidor, L. Bourdon led National Guardsmen...shooting Robespierre. On the evening of 10 Thermidor Year II, the Robespierre brothers...
2.
Singing the French Revolution: Popular Culture and Politics, 1787-1799
Book by Laura Mason; Cornell University Press, 1996
Subjects: France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799, Popular Culture--France--History--18th Century, Revolutionary Ballads And Songs--France--History And Criticism
...Journal des hommes libres , 30 messidor an III; Annales patriotiques , 3 thermidor an III. 36 Courrier republicain , 1 and 2 thermidor an III; Courrier de Paris , 1 thermidor an III. 37 Report of Leger and Rouchas, jeune, for 6 thermidor an...
3.
Extending the Borders of Russian History: Essays in Honor of Alfred J. Rieber
Book by Marsha Siefert; Central European University Press, 2003
Subjects: Russia (Federation)--History--1991-, Russia--History, Soviet Union--History
...egalitarianism. Equally, the American Thermidor did not imply a counterrevolution but...contrast to the French case, the American Thermidor did not so much limit democracy as reaffirm...elite. In Russian history an example of Thermidor is found in the period following October...
4.
Leonard Bourdon: The Career of a Revolutionary, 1754-1807
Book by Michael J. Sydenham; Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1999
Subjects: Bourdon, Leonard--1754-1807, France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799, Revolutionaries--France--Biography
...Society (R.T Bienvenu, The Ninth of Thermidor Oxford, 1968, 215, 217-20). 99...102 Walter, La conjuration du neuf thermidor, 376. 103 Ibid., 173-74. 104 AN...match L6onards position before and after Thermidor, but his visit-if, indeed, he is...
5.
From Jacobin to Liberal: Marc-Antoine Jullien, 1775-1848
Book by R. R. Palmer; Princeton University Press, 1993
Subjects: Authors, French--19th Century--Biography, France--History--Revolution, 1789-1799--Sources, Industries--France--History--19th Century--Sources, Jullien, Marc-Antoine--1775-1848, Liberalism--France--History--19th Century--Sources, Revolutionaries--France--Biography
...session of the Convention on 11 Thermidor at which Jullien was denounced...in the Moniteur universel for 13 Thermidor. His report to the Committee of...but the text gives the date 24 Thermidor. The quoted verses, written in...
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journal articles on: Thermidor  - 65 results

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1.
A Thermidor of "islamic Yuppies"? Conflict and Compromise in Iran's Politics
Journal article by Farhang Rajaee; The Middle East Journal, Vol. 53, 1999
Subjects: Iran, Islam, Khatami, Mohammad, Politics, Revolutions, Social change
A Thermidor of "islamic Yuppies"? Conflict and...election also may have marked the overdue "Thermidor" of the Iranian Revolution by turning...Khatami is an interesting indicator of the Thermidor of the Islamic Revolution in the hands...
2.
A Problem in Self-Identity: Russian Intellectual Thought in the Context of the French Revolution
Journal article by Dmitry Shlapentokh; Journal of European Studies, Vol. 26, 1996
Subjects: Group identity--Analysis, Russians--Social aspects, Social identity--Analysis
...Bolsheviks anticipated an inevitable Russian Thermidor; some of them even assumed it had already...difference. The SRs hoped a Russian Thermidor would not break completely with the Bolshevik...Bolsheviks adversaries believed that a Russian Thermidor would lead to a collapse of the Bolshevik...
3.
"A Dream of Murder": The Fall of Robespierre and the Tragic Imagination
Journal article by Matthew Buckley; Studies in Romanticism, Vol. 44, 2005
Subjects: French Revolution, 1789, Romanticism (Literature)--Criticism and interpretation
...particular are twofold: first, the 9th of Thermidor, as the events surrounding Robespierres...politics. (7) In short, it is with Thermidor that romanticism is faced with the problem...but no less significant: the events of Thermidor prompted the single effort by any major...
4.
The Citoyenne Tallien: Women, Politics, and Portraiture during the French Revolution
Journal article by Amy Freund; The Art Bulletin, Vol. 93, 2011
Subjects: Citizenship, Painting, Political activism, Political conventions, Prisons, Women
...a celebrity, hailed as "Our Lady of Thermidor," the motivating force behind the overthrow...that the aureole surrounding the hero of Thermidor did not protect him from condemnation...his business. In die first Salon after Thermidor, in 1795, a portrait of the newly married...
5.
Redefining the Past: Revolutionary Architecture and the Conseil Des Batiments Civils
Journal article by Lauren M. O Connell; The Art Bulletin, Vol. 77, 1995
Subjects: Architecture, Conseil des Batiments Civils, France, Government agencies, History, Meetings
...son genie" (A.N., F21* 2474, 2 thermidor VII July 20, 1799, "Rapport du Citoyen...Bureaux du Ministre de lInterieur," 2 thermidor VI July 20, 1798, signed by Francois...des peines" (A.N. F21* 2471, 16 thermidor V Aug. 3, 1797). 37. In his study...
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magazine articles on: Thermidor  - 47 results

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1.
Lobsters' Thermidor
Magazine article by Alexander Cockburn; The Nation, Vol. 251, November 19, 1990
Subjects: Committee in Solidarity with the Peoples of El Salvador--Social policy, Developing countries--Political aspects, Nicaragua--Political aspects
Lobsters Thermidor. by Alexander Cockburn The role of foundations is always a touchy subject, their officials as edgy as lobsters, scuttling back...
2.
The Chinese Revolution: Was It Necessary? Was It Successful? Is It Still Going On?
Magazine article by William Hinton; Monthly Review, Vol. 43, November 1991
Subjects: Agricultural policy--China, China, Chinese Civil War, 1945-1949, Grain industry--China, Socialism--Economic aspects
...be "No." Every revolution has its Thermidor, that moment when the right takes over...revolution gives way to restoration. Chinas Thermidor occurred in late 1978 when the Third...revolution will come. In France, after the Thermidor, came 1848, and after 1848, 1870...
3.
Prison Pets in the French Revolution
Magazine article by Katharine Macdonogh; History Today, Vol. 46, August 1996
Subjects: Dogs--History, France--Revolution, 1789-1799, Pets--History
...a name no one would have dared bestow on an animal before Thermidor. Although dogs had long been used in guard duty (Mercier...inevitably accompanied by ferocious dogs (fleeing the prison after Thermidor, Guyard, like Ribbentrop in 1945, abandoned everything...
4.
Robespierre and the Terror: Marisa Linton Reviews the Life and Career of One of the Most Vilified Men in History
Magazine article by Marisa Linton; History Today, Vol. 56, August 2006
Subjects: Revolutionaries--Biography, Revolutionists--Biography, Robespierre, Maximilien Francois de--Biography
...the first time in more than four weeks on the July 26th (8 Thermidor by the revolutionary calendar). It was the turning point...justification for it had also diminished. In the reaction after Thermidor, as the coup is known, terrorist politicians rapidly restyled...
5.
The Republic of Virtue
Magazine article by Paul Lake; First Things: A Monthly Journal of Religion and Public Life, March 2009
...government in revolution Is virtue joined with terror." In Thermidor, The month of Heat, his words rolled to their term Among...Reason. From Fog to Fruit, we watch the months revolve To Thermidor again. We watch our tongues And sniff the air for portents...
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newspaper articles on: Thermidor  - 140 results

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1.
The Time of Thermidor May Be upon Us
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), March 28, 2010
The Time of Thermidor May Be upon Us. "And everybody praised...silver lining? Now, perhaps, comes Thermidor. That was the name of the month in...which Robespierre fell. To historians, Thermidor denotes any era of waning political...
2.
Food: Seafood Thermidor; Taste OF THE NORTH EAST
Newspaper article; The Journal (Newcastle, England), January 12, 2007
Food: Seafood Thermidor; Taste OF THE NORTH EAST. (serves four) For the fish 8 king prawns...15ml water. 250g unsalted butter, cayenne pepper, salt to taste. Thermidor method Place a heavy-bottomed pan on a moderate heat and add the...
3.
Food & Drink: THE LOBSTER PLOT TAKES NEW TWIST; Old Favourite Makes Welcome Comeback Lobster Thermidor (Serves Four)
Newspaper article; Daily Post (Liverpool, England), July 26, 2008
...TAKES NEW TWIST; Old Favourite Makes Welcome Comeback Lobster Thermidor (Serves Four). Byline: bryan webb FROM now to the end...insists when he books his big birthday bash I prepare it in the thermidor style. Who am I to argue, as its always very popular. I...
4.
Shelling out on Lobsters; Lobster Thermidor (Serves Four)
Newspaper article by Nick Nairn; Sunday Mercury (Birmingham, England), March 14, 1999
Shelling out on Lobsters; Lobster Thermidor (Serves Four). by Nick Nairn THERES no need to shell out for this delicious treat because as the year runs on lobster gets cheaper...
5.
Fish Quay Favourite
Newspaper article; The Journal (Newcastle, England), January 12, 2007
...across the traditional French dish lobster thermidor when I worked as a commis chef at The...cant all enjoy the fresh light taste of thermidor with any type of more affordable fish...member of the shark family. Seafood thermidor could be made with any fish you like...
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encyclopedia articles on: Thermidor  - 21 results

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1.
Thermidor
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
THERMIDOR thur midor, Fr. termedor , 11th month of the French Revolutionary calendar . The coup of 9 Thermidor (July 27, 1794) marked the downfall of Robespierre and the end of the Reign of Terror . The men who came into power were members...
2.
French Revolutionary Calendar
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...blossom); Prairial (pasture); Messidor (harvest); Thermidor (heat); Fructidor (fruit). The remaining five days...months in which they occurred, see Vendemiaire ; Brumaire ; Thermidor ; Fructidor . ____________________ Copyright...
3.
Tallien, ThÉrÉsa Cabarrus
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...1794) and whose policies she influenced strongly. She was nicknamed Notre Dame de Thermidor in allusion to her husbands part in the coup of 9 Thermidor (1794). Her salon was famous, and she originated the neo-Greek feminine styles of...
4.
Cambon, Pierre Joseph
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...and his authority threatened by Maximilien Robespierre , Cambon assisted in the plot that led to Robespierres downfall on 9 Thermidor. Despite this Cambon was distrusted by the Thermidorians, and his career ended after his brief triumph. He was exiled after...
5.
Barras, Paul FranÇois Jean Nicolas, Vicomte De
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Having turned against the revolutionary dictator Maximilien Robespierre , Barras was a leader of the coup against him on 9 Thermidor (July 27, 1794). As commander of Paris, he suppressed a royalist uprising on 13 Vendemiaire (Oct. 5, 1795) by turning...
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