URDU

oorˈdoo, language belonging to the Indic group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. The official tongue of Pakistan, Urdu is also one of the 15 languages recognized in the 1950 Indian constitution. Urdu has been described as the written or literary variant of Hindustani that is used by Muslims. It is written in a modified form of the Arabic alphabet, and its basically Indic vocabulary has been enriched by borrowings from Arabic and Persian. Grammatically and phonetically, however, Urdu is an Indic language. About 100 million persons in Pakistan and India understand Urdu.

See M. C. Saihgal, Hindustani Grammar (Urdu edition, 1945); E. Bender, Urdu Grammar and Reader (1967); F. Southworth, Student's Hindi-Urdu Reference Manual (1971); W. Bright and S. A. Kahn, The Urdu Writing System (1976).

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Questia Books and Articles on: Urdu
We found: 2472 results
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books on: Urdu  - 1553 results

       More book Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
An Intellectual History of Islam in India
Book by Aziz Ahmad; Edinburgh University Press, 1969
Subjects: Civilization, Islamic, India--Civilization, Muslims--India
...CHAPTER EIGHT. Literature in Urdu and the Regional Languages 1. Urdu 91 2...of the pressure of orthodox theologians. Urdu is being liquidated from schools in India...
2.
Handbook of Twentieth-Century Literatures of India
Book by Nalini Natarajan; Greenwood Press, 1996
Subjects: India--Intellectual Life--20th Century, Indic Literature (English)--History And Criticism--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc, Indic Literature--20th Century--History And Criticism, Indic Literature--20th Century--History And Criticism--Handbooks, Manuals, Etc
...12. Twentieth-Century Urdu Literature 329 Omar...Ferdous/East Bengali; Deo/Dalit; Qureshi/Urdu , sociology Deo/Marathi , performance...acknowledged. 7 For instance, the role of Urdu in similarly constructing Muslim identity...
3.
Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia
Book by Sheldon Pollock; University of California Press, 2003
Subjects: Indic Literature--History And Criticism, Literature And Society--South Asia--History, Politics And Literature--South Asia--History
...Kapstein PART 5. THE TWINNED HISTORIES OF URDU AND HINDI 14. A Long History of Urdu Literary Culture, Part 1: Naming and Placing...Shamsur Rahman Faruqi 15. A Long History of Urdu Literary Culture, Part 2: Histories, Performances...
4.
Legacy of a Divided Nation: India's Muslims since Independence
Book by Mushirul Hasan; Westview Press, 1997
Subjects: India--Politics And Government--1857-1919, India--Politics And Government--1919-1947, Islam And Politics--India, Muslims--India--Politics And Government
...9.4 Circulation pattern of Urdu newspapers, 1988 317...Barabanki district. qaum used in Urdu to mean community or nation, according...Hindustani Mussalman hai ", Gagan , in Urdu Bombay: Mussalman Number, 1975 , pp...
5.
Perspectives of Mutual Encounters in South Asian History, 1760-1860
Book by Jamal Malik; Brill, 2000
Subjects: Europe--Foreign Relations--South Asia--Congresses, South Asia--Foreign Relations--Europe--Congresses, South Asia--History--18th Century--Congresses, South Asia--History--19th Century--Congresses
...system of transliteration is concerned, Urdu, Ara- bic, Persian, Hindi, and Sanskrit...a. from a reformist tract written in Urdu in India in the first quarter of the...to display their expertise-especially in Urdu-at a time when some educational institutions...
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journal articles on: Urdu  - 190 results

       More journal Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
The Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary
Journal article by Shafique N. Virani; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 124, 2004
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, The Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary (Book)--Book reviews
The Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary. by Shafique N. Virani The Oxford English-Urdu Dictionary. Edited and translated by SHANUL HAQ...who need to look up the English equivalent of an Urdu word still reach to their bookshelves for reprints...
2.
The Situation of the Urdu Writer: a Letter from Bara Banki, December 1993 / February 1994
Journal article by C. M. Naim; World Literature Today, Vol. 68, 1994
Subjects: Books--Reviews, Literature, Modern--20th Century--History And Criticism
The Situation of the Urdu Writer: A Letter from Bara Banki, December...which was once famous for its elegant, Urdu-dominated culture; it is also only seventy...several hundred people, I heard a young Urdu/Muslim poet recite a banal verse which...
3.
Pilgrim Clouds: The Polymorphous Sacred in Indo-Muslim Imagination
Journal article by Scott Kugle; Alif: Journal of Comparative Poetics, 2003
Subjects: Iqbal, Muhammad--Works, Poets--Works
...Kugle This article explores one Urdu poem of the early twentieth century, by...is in stark contrast to other colonial Urdu poets, like Hali and Iqbal, whose use of...dynamism of clouds inspired one of modern Urdu literatures most intriguing poems in praise...
4.
The King Buzzard: Bano Qudsia's Postnational Allegory and the Nation-State
Journal article by Masood Ashraf Raja; Mosaic (Winnipeg), Vol. 40, 2007
Subjects: Islamic culture--Portrayals, National identity--Portrayals, Qudsia, Bano--Criticism and interpretation, The King Buzzard (Book)--Criticism and interpretation, Vultures--Portrayals
...Masood Ashraf Raja Using Bano Qudsias Urdu novel Raja Gidh as a point of departure...military regime in Pakistan, Bano Qudsias Urdu novel Raja Gidh The King Buzzard draws...the novel became a respectable genre in Urdu, Muslim India was already colonized. Early...
5.
The Language of Hariaudh's Priyapravas: Notes toward an Archaeology of Modern Standard Hindi
Journal article by Valerie Ritter; The Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 124, 2004
Subjects: Gods, Hindu--Portrayals, Hindu gods--Portrayals, Hindu literature--Criticism and interpretation, Priyapravas (Poetry collection)--Criticism and interpretation, Upadhyay, Ayodhyasimh--Criticism and interpretation, Upadhyay, Ayodhyasimh--Works
...create a Hindi literature that excluded "Urdu." (7) This essay will address the linguistic...common speech and the Persian-inflected "Urdu" of poetry and administration. Among them...in the mixed "Hindustani" register and Urdu meters, to highly Sanskritic poetry in...
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magazine articles on: Urdu  - 189 results

       More magazine Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
Satyajit Ray's the Chess Players: Andrew Robinson Recalls Conversations with the Famous Director about His Work, and in Particular the Recently Re-released Urdu Film, the Chess Players, Made in the 1970s, Which Explores Events Surrounding the British Annexation of Oudh in 1856
Magazine article by Andrew Robinson; History Today, Vol. 57, July 2007
Subjects: Ray, Satyajit--Interviews, Ray, Satyajit--Works, The Chess Players (Motion picture)--Criticism and interpretation
...in Particular the Recently Re-released Urdu Film, the Chess Players, Made in the 1970s...culture--that of Lucknow--and a language--Urdu--other than those of his native Bengal...in English and Bengali, he knew little Urdu.) It was also his only film in which Islamic...
2.
One for All: Justin Spring on Ismail Merchant
Magazine article by Justin Spring; Artforum International, Vol. 44, February 2006
Subjects: Filmmakers--Biography, Merchant, Ismail--Biography, Movie directors--Biography, Movie producers (Persons)--Biography
...Kapoor) and his transcendently beautiful Urdu poetry. The plot hinges on the relation...languages: For though closely related to Hindi, Urdu is written in a Persian script and carries...different set of cultural connotations. Urdu came to be used by the noble and educated...
3.
Crossing Continents
Magazine article by Sameer Rahim; New Statesman, Vol. 136, April 16, 2007
Subjects: Books--Book reviews, Insomnia (Book)--Book reviews
...exquisite yet lyrical style influenced by Urdu and Persian literature. Husseins next two...drawer" lives in London and translates the Urdu poems of his friend Armaan, who lives in...Although the translator is nourished by Urdu, he makes the English versions his own...
4.
Jinnah and the Quest for Muslim Identity
Magazine article by Akbar S. Ahmed; History Today, Vol. 44, September 1994
Subjects: Jinnah, Muhammed Ali--Biography, Muslims in India--History, Pakistan Muslim League--History, Pakistan--History
...culture under threat. For instance, the Urdu language, generally, though not exclusively...symbols. It was based on a common language, Urdu, common clothes, a common notion of identity...Jinnah was not parochial in this exercise. Urdu was not his mother tongue nor was the national...
5.
'Please Speak Norwegian!' Norway's Educators Respond to Immigration
Magazine article by Beate Strom; World and I, Vol. 15, May 2000
Subjects: Bilingualism--Norway, Immigrants--Statistics, Language and languages--Analysis, Norway--Political aspects
...also provide some teaching in Arabic and Urdu. Other experiments in foreign language...wouldnt know how to describe a bicycle in Urdu, because we dont talk about that at home...in what situations he prefers to speak Urdu, he answers: "At home, with my mother...
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newspaper articles on: Urdu  - 519 results

       More newspaper Results: 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 >>  
 
1.
An APB to Urdu Speakers: We Need You
Newspaper article; Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL), February 11, 2008
An APB to Urdu Speakers: We Need You. Byline: Ashok Selvam aselvam...The calls came when police needed someone who knew Urdu, the national tongue of Pakistan. But Devineni didnt know Urdu. He knows English and Telugu, which is spoken in southern...
2.
Why Learn Urdu When Most Toil with English?
Newspaper article; South Wales Echo (Cardiff, Wales), February 10, 2007
Why Learn Urdu When Most Toil with English? Byline...it might seem, in those days Mandarin and Urdu were not subjects one could study. But Latin...economically useful languages like Mandarin and Urdu into the national curriculum. Education...
3.
Urdu, Hindi Spoken Here; Power of Babel Challenged by Wide Variety of Language Classes
Newspaper article; The Washington Times, December 2, 2002
Urdu, Hindi spoken here; Power of Babel challenged by wide variety...Spanish, but in the last three days, I have had requests for Urdu, Tagalog - and even Norwegian reared its head," he says...Deborah Smith. Hindi has been offered for three years, and Urdu was started this fall. "Economic and political changes...
4.
Mandarin and Urdu May Be Put on School Timetables
Newspaper article; Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), February 5, 2007
Mandarin and Urdu May Be Put on School Timetables. Byline...major world languages such as Mandarin and Urdu be offered alongside traditional favourites...said in the global economy, Mandarin or Urdu could be as important as EU languages. I...
5.
Language Boost for Workforce; Urdu Lessons to Break Barriers
Newspaper article; Birmingham Evening Mail (England), February 1, 2001
Language Boost for Workforce; Urdu Lessons to Break Barriers. Byline...International Airport have been having lessons in Urdu to cope with the growing number of flights...staff go up to her and say Pani? which is Urdu for water. Flights The airport now...
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encyclopedia articles on: Urdu  - 21 results

       More encyclopedia Results: 1-10 11-20 21-21 >>  
 
1.
Urdu
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
URDU oor doo, language belonging to the Indic group of the Indo-Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. The official tongue of Pakistan, Urdu is also one of the 15 languages recognized in the 1950 Indian constitution. Urdu has been described as the written or literary variant of Hindustani that is used...
2.
Hindustani
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Hindustani as the spoken form of Hindi and Urdu . Others prefer to call Hindi and Urdu written varieties of Hindustani. The term Hindustani...right and has a vocabulary that is strictly Indic. Urdu, on the other hand, is the form of Hindustani...
3.
Indian Literature
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...the fountainhead of a later growth in the Urdu literature produced for the Mughal court, and elaborate Urdu verse on set themes was produced in abundance...Muhammad Iqbal , the Muslim poets who wrote in Urdu and in Persian. Later writers include R...
4.
Indo-Iranian
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...Arabic and Persian to such Indic tongues as Urdu and Sindhi. Aside from phonemic and vocabulary...central Indic languages Hindi and Urdu ; the East Indic tongues Assamese, Bengali...recorded in a form of the Arabic alphabet) is Urdu, the language of about 100 million persons...
5.
Ahmad Khan, Sir Sayyid
Encyclopedia article; The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2009
...community by the introduction of Western ideas, Sayyid Ahmad Khan organized societies for the translation of English works into Urdu and for the teaching of civics to the Indian public. In 1875 he established the Muslim Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh, which...
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