WALDHEIM, KURT

koort vältˈhīm, 1918–, Austrian diplomat, secretary-general of the United Nations (1971–81) and president of Austria (1986–92). He entered diplomatic service after World War II, serving in France and Canada. When Austria entered the United Nations in 1958, Waldheim was a member of its delegation. Austria's permanent representative to the United Nations (1965–68), he later served (1968–70) as Austria's foreign minister and lost (1971) an election for the presidency of Austria.

Elected to a five-year term as UN secretary-general in Dec., 1971, Waldheim attempted, with little success, to end the Iran-Iraq war and the China-Vietnam war and to gain the release of American hostages in Iran. He was reelected in 1976 despite Third World opposition but was blocked from a third term by a Chinese veto in 1981. He was succeeded as secretary-general by Boutros Boutros-Ghali.

In 1986 he was elected president of Austria, despite the scandal caused by the revelation that he had been an officer in a German army unit that committed atrocities in Yugoslavia during World War II; he denied any knowledge of the atrocities. An international investigation cleared him of complicity, but many felt he must have known more than he revealed. His tenure as president was marked by international isolation, and he did not run in 1992.

See his autobiography (1999).

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