French Restoration

Moliere's anticlerical comedy Tartuffe is the unique prism through which Sheryl Kroen views postrevolutionary France in the years of the Restoration. Following the lead of the French men and women who turned to this anticlerical play in the 1820s to make sense of their world, Kroen exposes the crisis of legitimacy defining the regime in these years and demonstrates how the people of the time made steps toward a democratic resolution to this crisis. Moving from the town squares, where state and ecclesiastical officials orchestrated their public spectacles in favor of the monarchy, to the theaters, where the French used Tartuffe to mock the restored monarch and the church, this cultural history of the Restoration offers a rich and colorful portrait of a period in which critical legacies of the revolutionary period were played out and cemented. While most historians have characterized the Restoration as a period of reaction and reversal, Kroen offers convincing evidence that the Restoration was a critical bridge between the emerging practices of the Old Regime, the Revolution, and the post-1830 politics of protest. Looking beyond the official political realm from which most people were excluded, Kroen vividly evokes the town squares, marketplaces, cafes, churches, and theaters where protesters penned and posted placards, uttered seditious cries, sang revolutionary songs, trafficked in the illegal accoutrements of the revolutionary and imperial past, attacked crosses and busts of kings, and organized charivaris against unpopular priests and civil officials.

Kroen re-creates the atmosphere of Restoration France and at the same time brings major nineteenth-century themes into focus: memoryand commemoration, public and private spheres, politics and religion, anticlericalism, and the formation of democratic ideologies and practices. Of value to anyone interested in the complicated process of how political legit

Examining the politics of the French Revolutionary tradition during the nineteenth century Bourbon Restoration and early July Monarchy, Robert Alexander argues that political struggle was not confined to the elite. The Restoration Liberal Opposition developed a reform tradition based on legal organization and persuasion, which would prove far more effective in achieving progressive change than the revolutionary tradition of conspiracy and insurrection. Alexander analyzes relations among the Liberal Opposition, ultra-royalists and the state to support his claims.

"Of Greenwood's series of five historical dictionaries covering modern France from the Revolution through the Third Republic, this is the longest. Perhaps this reflects changes in historiography that find historians such as David Pinckney affirming the importance of this lesser-known era in the formation of modern French society and institutions. . . . The numerous entries by Guillaume de Bertier de Sauvigny, the ranking authority on the period, assure the prestige of the work. Highly recommended for college and university libraries." Choice

A relatively unexamined aspect of the career of the Duke of Wellington--his command of allied forces occupying France--serves as the focus of this work. Veve traces the history of the 1815-1818 occupation and the significant role that Wellington played in making the first multinational peacekeeping force a success. He explores the decisions made and procedures established by the Duke, and demonstrates that Wellington's command was not simply the final chapter in a successful military career, but rather an important transition to his future political endeavors.

This is the most up-to-date, concise, yet comprehensive narrative history of France, current through the end of 1999. Engagingly written for students and general public, it brings to life the compelling history of this fractious and fascinating country, which has given to the world cultural glory and a model of democratic revolution. No longer a nation of peasants or small shopkeepers, France has weathered the storms of the first half of the 20th century to emerge as the fourth largest economic power in the industrial world. At the turn of the 21st century French society is in dynamic flux, shaped by integration, feminism, youth culture, and economic and social change. Each chapter of this work covers a distinct period of French history, from prehistory to France at the end of the 20th century, examining the problems and issues of that era and how they impacted later events.

The Extreme Right in France, 1789 to the Present surveys the history of a fascinating but contentious political and intellectual tradition. Since 1789 the far right has been an important factor in French political life and in different eras has taken on a range of guises including traditionalism, ultra-royalism, radical nationalism, anti-Semitism and fascism.This book is structured around the five main phases of extreme right activity, and the author explores key questions about each:* Counter-revolution - what was the legacy of Joseph de Maistre's writings?* Anti-Third Republic protest - how was the 'new right' of the 1880s and 1890s different from the 'old right' of previous decades?* Inter-war fascism - how should we characterise the phenomenon of fascisme française ?* Vichy - why did Pétain and Laval collaborate with the Nazis?* The Post-war far right - what is the relationship between Poujadism, Algérie Française and Le Pen's FN?