'A brilliant display of the amazing range and depth of Native American poetic traditions and a stunning revelation that poetry really is a ubiquitous art--A triumphant work.'--Paul G. Zolbrod, North Dakota Review
The present book, Indian Story and Song from North America (1900), was inspired by enthusiasm for Native American music generated at the Congress of Musicians held in connection with the Trans-Mississippi Exposition, Omaha, July 1898.
In Winged Words Laura Coltelli interviews some of America's foremost Indian poets and novelists, including Paula Gunn Allen, Michael Dorris, Louise Erdrich, and others. They candidly discuss the debt to old and the creation of new traditions, the proprieties of age and gender, and the relations between Indian writers and non-Indian readers and critics, and between writers and anthropologists and historians.
From warrior women to female deities who control the cycle of live, female characters in Native American literature exhibit a social and spiritual empowerment that is quite different from the average Pocahontas or squaw we are used to seeing in mainstream literature. This work argues that a tribal construct of gender relations, where the relationship between male and female roles is complementary rather than hierarchical, accounts for the existence of these empowered female characters in Native American literature. Focusing on the work of four of the twentieth century's most famous Native American authors, Zitkala-Sa, Leslie Marmon Silko, Louise Erdich and Sherman Alexie, Hollrah suggests that is important to evaluate Native American literary female characters in a cultural paradigm that is less Euro-American and more compatible to the complementary of Native American culture.
The beginning of the twenty-first century marks the maturation of the voices of indigenous poets in the United States. Norma Wilson's appealing and accessible collection of essays is both an introduction to and an enthusiastic celebration of the poetic vistas inhabited by modern Native American writers. Wilson's scope is both broad and specific as she draws from contemporary criticism, tribal histories and folklore, interviews with writers, and, of course, from the poetry itself. Her study is firmly grounded in the oral traditions and personal and tribal histories of the eight poets on whom she focuses. At the same time, Wilson's broad understanding of the literary heritage of East, West, and First nations allows her to place Native American poetry in global and historical context. Wilson points out Native American writers have been influenced by such well known Western 'canon' poets as Blake, Whitman, and Ginsberg. Her study further elucidates the clear mark that Native American literature, culture, and oral-poetic traditions have left on five centuries of British and American literature. This is a guidebook mapping the modern rhythms of our ancient literary landscape.
In one of the broadest critical readings to date, Jace Weaver takes the body of Native American literature and uses it as a resource for reflection on Native American values and spirituality.
Einhorn, a rhetorical scholar, explores the rich history of the Native American oral tradition, focusing on stories, orations, prayers, and songs. Because American Indians existed without written language for many generations, their culture was strongly dependent on an oral tradition for continuity and preservation. Not surprisingly, they spent many hours perfecting the art of oral communication and learning methods for committing their messages to memory. Einhorn thoroughly examines the important aspects of this unique oral tradition from a rhetorical perspective, covering individual speakers, nations, and time periods.
The Turn to the Native is a long-awaited assessment of Native American studies by one of its leading practitioners. Learned and passionate, the book is a timely account of Native American literature and the critical writings that have grown up around it. It is also a polemical intervention by a critic with abiding loyalties to Native American culture and to the Western intellectual heritage that has often been seen as hostile to Native culture and society.