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Forum on Public Policy: A Journal of the Oxford Round Table
Articles from Spring
A Comparison of Physicians' and Nurses' Responses to Selected Ethical Dilemmas
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A Comparison of Physicians' and Nurses' Responses to Selected Ethical Dilemmas Introduction In a perfect world, physicians and nurses practice with the same goal in mind--ethical caring for all persons served. With multiple stressors and institutional...
A Different Set of Classrooms: Preparing a New Generation of Clinicians
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Introduction Like all students before them, the Millennial generation, those students born in the late 1980s or early 1990s, bring as a group the beliefs and attitudes associated with their generational cohort (Coomes and DeBard, 2004). Millennials...
Algeria at the Crossroads: How the United States Can Help the Algerians Fight the Battle against Violent Islamic Extremists
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How the U.S. Can Help the Algerians Fight the Battle against Violent Islamic Extremists? Algeria is a country generally misunderstood by many Americans both in the policies of its Government and in the writings of her scholars. Algeria's geographical...
An Assessment on the Impact of the Current Economic Crisis and Its Effect on the Protection of Our Children from Sexual Predators: A Case Study of the State of Nevada
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The economic crisis, while global in its magnitude, has been particularly impactful on individual states. According to Nevada Governor Jim Gibbons, there will be a $2.3 billion budget shortfall for the next biennnum (2). This equates to a 36% cut in...
An Interdisciplinary Approach to Tolerance of Ambiguity, Ecumenical Theology, and World Peace
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Introduction While pondering the nature of peace for this paper, two personal events one of the authors experienced served as two reminders of two daunting aspects of our human condition (i.e., foolishness, and feigned helplessness masquerading...
Atavistic Culture: The Bete Noire of Social Change
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Atavistic Culture: The Bete Noire of Social Change Scholars for too long have ignored the role of atavistic culture in thwarting if not preventing social change. Emphasizing ethnicity, race and religion as the primary criteria for social organization,...
Bildung as a Powerful Tool in Modern University Teaching
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Introduction During the last 10 years Danish high school teaching has been changed considerably. Earlier high school teaching was explicitly given to make the students suitable for university studies. They even had a lot of disciplines on an academic...
Children in Harm's Way: A Global Issue as Important as Climate Change
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Introduction There is extensive evidence demonstrating that the health and wellbeing of many of the world's children is at risk. In a comprehensive report just released by the World Health Organisation's (WHO) Commission on the Social Determinants...
Children of Genocide in the 21st Century: Four Case Studies of Sub-Sahara Africa
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Introduction This paper will examine four areas of Sub-Sahara Africa that have experienced war, genocide and crimes against humanity that emerged towards the end of the twentieth century and have transitioned into the twenty-first century. It is...
Child Sexual Abuse among Socially Marginalized Groups: Cultural and Governmental Influences Perpetuating Maltreatment in American Indian Country
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Introduction Children living on the cultural margins of society are more likely to experience negative life outcomes, for two reasons: first, their disempowered position exposes them to greater social risks and limits their ability to protect themselves....
Child Victimization on South Dakota Indian Reservations: An Overview of Jurisdictional Policy
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INTRODUCTION Offenses against children are viewed in U.S. society as the most heinous of all crimes. An especially dim view is taken toward the sexual and physical victimization of children. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2006)...
Conundrum of Autism: A Review of Its Causes and Significant Impact on the Education of a School Age Child
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Introduction Autism sometimes referred to as "classical autism" is the most common condition in a group of developmental disorders (Asperger Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder) known...
Costa Rican Cacao Economy: An Ethnographic Study of Social Justice Observed
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Introduction A multitude of tourist web sources (1) state that National Geographic Magazine has declared the Osa Peninsula as 'one of the most biologically intense places on earth;' hence this reputation has catapulted the Osa as a premier tourist...
Criterion-Referenced Assessment for Language Organization: An Example of Evidence-Based Practice
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Introduction There are two types of test instruments that are used to assess children with language disabilities. These instruments include standardized tests and criterion-referenced measures. Each of these assessment methodologies has strengths...
Deep Time: Its Meaning and Moral Implications
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Introduction How possibly can the structure and quality of deep geologic time have any bearing on human morality as the title of this paper contends? After all, moral sentiments are embedded in human belief systems that on the whole are independent...
Dehumanizing the Humanities: Neoliberalism and the Unethical Dimension of the Market Ethic
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Introduction: The Neoliberal Paradigm Neoliberalism is a philosophical movement that sees market values as permeating all aspects of life, including not only the economic, but also religious, ethical, political, personal, and educational dimensions....
Developing Safe Schools Partnerships with Law Enforcement
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Introduction The safety-learning connection is clear--if schools are not safe, children will not find themselves in an environment in which they can learn. Crime and its related problems create an unfavorable environment for academic success (Bauer...
Differentiating Language Arts in Belize
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Introduction The current reform of early childhood education curricula continues to emerge throughout Australia, Europe, North America, and many other countries around the world. At present, this is considered the focus of much challenge and debate...
Does Assessment Have to Drive the Curriculum?
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Does Assessment Have to Drive the Curriculum? In the real estate market the key word is location, location, location. In education the key word is assessment, assessment, assessment. Do we need all the assessment? What is the purpose behind all...
Earth News: Adapt, Mitigate or Die
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Introduction If the Earth could communicate to its residents, a warning scripted on the clouds might read: Adapt, Mitigate or Die. With increasing evidence for the human contribution to increased carbon dioxide emissions and climate change, foresight...
Education, Policy and Social Justice: Searching the Borderlands between Subjective Science and Experimental Art
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As the global economic crisis worsens, it is timely to think through the role that education will play and should play within this unprecedented milieu. Historically, public schooling in the United States has been a follower. Whether Spitnik (Brzezinski,...
Effects of Language Learning Interventions in Pre-School Children: A Longitudinal Study
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Introduction The aim of the present contribution is to evaluate and discuss the impacts of language learning interventions in pre-school children with German as a first or second language. After the negative results of the PISA investigation...
Global Governance: The Case of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing
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Global Governance: The Case of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Sheik Saeed, a key al Qaeda leader in Afghanistan, was asked in a May, 2007 interview, "what are the [most important] needs of Jihad in Afghanistan?" He responded that the foremost...
Helping Children Cope through Literature
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Introduction In our society children are exposed to violence, instability, and other stressful factors. As a primary school educator, I have witnessed the impact literature can have on a child's life. On September 12, 2001, three children in my...
How Successful Is Terrorism?
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How Successful Is Terrorism? Terrorism has become a frightening phenomenon and a concern for many governments and citizens around the world. A great number of important debates about terrorism have appeared as a consequence. There are major related...
Improving Children's Experiences in Foster Care: Foster Parent Ideas
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Introduction In discussing the protection of children, we usually focus on the risks that children are subjected to in their home environments. However, beyond the family, the protection of children involves an extensive system of services. When...
Individual Development Accounts and Social Justice
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Anti-poverty policies in the United States have historically provided a degree of income relief to low-income households. Unfortunately, the policy strategies were designed to provide temporary assistance and did not address the long-term economic...
Linguistic Diversity and Development: The Language Question and Social Justice in Southern Africa
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Language is without doubt the most important factor in the learning process for the transfer of knowledge and skills is mediated through the spoken or written word. Ayo Bamgbose, 1992. Introduction The discussion is confined to South Africa....
Linking Political Systems and War Systems-Systemic Risks, Paradoxes and Blind Spots
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Introduction Since the end of World War I, the Western political system has been caught between two narratives about political ideals and the realities of power. The one has roots back to Jean-Jacques Rousseau and tells a seemingly beautiful story...
Literacy Courses and the Prevention of Reading Difficulties
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Introduction Children who have a strong foundation in learning to read typically move along a trajectory leading to proficiency. However, the opposite also holds true: children with weak emergent reading experiences proceed slowly and haltingly,...
Measuring the Ethical Quotient of Corporations: The Case of Small and Medium Enterprises in India
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Ethical business values translated into management behaviours can make the difference between employee satisfaction and frustration--with the consequent impact on results. Maister, 2008 ETHICS AND VALUES A present day term, ethics are the...
New Wine in Old Wineskins-Twenty-First Century Ethical Challenges for the Just War Tradition
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Introduction How much flexibility is there in the just war tradition to accommodate new challenges? In an era of globalization, multiculturalism, and pluralist ethics, what are some of the challenges for the continuing relevance of the just war...
Nurses and Conundrums of Conscience
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Nurses and Conundrums of Conscience Conscience: The faculty or principle which pronounces upon the moral quality of one's actions or motives, approving the right and condemning the wrong (Oxford English Dictionary 2008). There is much confusion...
Nurturing Ethical Values in the 21st Century Adolescent
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Introduction & Scope of Paper This Oxford Round Table paper begins with an ethical presumption that human beings follow inherent desires and principles to develop the kind of character required to successfully exist within a moral society. Our...
Ontological Gap: Eastern Spiritualism Western Materialism
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Introduction The West and the Middle East have a history of conflict from the times of the First Crusade (c. 1096 CE) (3) until the era of instant and mass communication with the First and Second Gulf Wars. There can be little doubt that initial...
Perspectives on Social Justice
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Introduction Many advocates of social justice tend not to specify their understanding of this concept. They act as if its meaning was self-evident and, therefore, did not require interpretation. When challenged to specify the meaning of the concept,...
Perspectives on the Impact of Historical and Contemporary Terrorism on the World's Indigenous Peoples
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Introduction The world has been increasingly concerned with terrorism in the late twentieth century. In part because the United States government, media, and military have been so aggressive in their global responses since September 11, 2001, but...
Poverty Immigration and Latinos in U.S. Texas Colonias
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I. Introduction About thirty-eight million people live under what is considered poverty in the United States (USCB 2009), which is equivalent to 13 percent of the nation's population. This system, however, is a limited way to define poverty. Other...
Pre-School Children Discerning Numbers and Letters
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Introduction Emergent literacy starts before children are being taught and develops in daily life (Teale and Sulzby 1986; Eriksen Hagtvet 2002). Teale and Sulzby (1986) also claim the children's early literacy can be described in terms of generaliseable...
Proudhon, Public Policy, and American Political Traditions
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Proudhon, Public Policy, and American Political Traditions Socialism failed in the United States. As a political and social movement it never exerted the same level of influence on public affairs as it did, and continues to do, in nations across...
Race as a Social Construct: The Impact on Education
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Introduction During the first half of the twentieth century, two world wars escalated. World War I, 1914-1918 involved approximately 32 nations. World War II, 1939-1945 involved approximately 50 nations. The first war was launched under the banner...
Referral for Profit: Deprofessionalization of Health Care in America
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Introduction: a patient speaks out When Barbara Kelley of Wichita, Kansas, followed her surgeon's recommendation for rehabilitation after knee surgery, she did so reluctantly. She had been comfortable with her physical therapist (PT), but she felt...
Securing Food Supply for Future Generations through Groundwater Management: A Policy Analysis Approach
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Introduction: Translocation of businesses and population to the Western United States are resulting in increasing municipal and industrial water demand. However, the demand for irrigation still dominates water use in the Western United States. Irrigation...
Slam Poetry and Cultural Experience for Children
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Introduction Poetry is entwined with the lives of children from infancy--lullabies and nursery rhymes at birth; street rhymes, incantations, and the traditional forms of poetry at school-age. Drawn to limericks, nursery and street rhymes, children...
Social Justice and Evidence-Based Assessment with the Learning Record
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Introduction: Making students accountable for test scores works well on a bumper sticker and it allows many politicians to look good by saying that they will not tolerate failure. But it represents a hollow promise. Far from improving education,...
Terrorism: Dilemmas of Capitalism, Monotheism, Multiculturalism, Violence
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Terrorism: Dilemmas of Multiculturalism, Monotheism, Violence The classical theorists, were deeply concerned with the impact of industry on society. They thought it promoted mechanical materialism and undermined social solidarity, relevant in our...
The Global Financial Crisis-Caused by Greed, Moral Meltdown and Public Policy Disasters
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The Millennium's First Global Financial Crisis Financial markets around the world experienced profound losses beginning in 2007 and continuing through early 2009 as a result of the Worldwide credit crisis. The crisis was caused by the collapse of...
The Importance of Nutritional Education in Preventing Obesity and Malnutrition
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Introduction There are two contrasting nutritional concerns in the world. One is undernourishment, which is caused chiefly by insufficient food supply common in countries in Africa and in Southeast Asia (1), and could result in high mortality...
The Obama Presidency and the Question of Social Justice: A Critical Analysis of the Meaningful Milestone
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On January 20, 2009, essentially 200 years after the enactment of the embargo against the slave trade, 40 years after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., Barack Hussein Obama became the 44th President of the United States of America. Using...
The Rise and Demise of Children's International Human Rights
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PART A--Introduction Writing in 1973, Hillary Rodham Clinton proclaimed that "The phrase 'children's rights' is a slogan in search of a definition." (1) While this assessment may have been accurate in 1973, the intervening 36 years have rendered...
The Use of British Nursery Rhymes and Contemporary Technology as Venues for Creating and Expressing Hidden Literacies throughout Time by Children, Adolescents, and Adults
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Peer Groups and Cliques Unless an anchorite, individuals form various relationships and friendships with those sharing common interests, views, and backgrounds. Children, adolescents, and adults form peer groups, i.e., smaller clusters of similarly...
Toward a Model of Promoting Literacy for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the General Education Classroom
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Introduction to Autism in the Inclusive Classroom An increasing number of students with autism spectrum disorders attend partially or fully integrated classrooms (Chiang and Lin 2007; Mirenda 2003), with a wide range of abilities (Fein and Dunn...
Twisted Social Justice: Father Coughlin & the Christian Front
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Twisted Social Justice: Father Coughlin & the Christian Front In 1891 Pope Leo XIII issued the labor encyclical, Rerum Novarum prompted by his concern that socialists are "working on the poor man's envy of the rich, are striving to do away with...
