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The American Midland Naturalist

Articles from Vol. 161, No. 2, April

A Field System for Isoflurane Anesthesia of Multiple Species of Mesopredators
ABSTRACT.-Inhaled isoflurane is one of many chemical immobilizing agents available for field anesthesia of wildlife. We examined the use of inhaled isoflurane for field immobilization of mesopredators. Five species of mammals were anesthetized in a wetland...
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Age Structure and Genetic Diversity of Four Quercus Macrocarpa (Michx.) Populations in Fragmented Oak Savanna along the Central Minnesota River Valley
ABSTRACT.-Only 0.02% of historic oak savanna exists today. To provide management recommendations, we characterized age-class structure, measured cover of competing tree species and estimated genetic variation within and among four Quercus macrocarpa...
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Aggregations of Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris Kenyoni) Feeding on Fish Eggs and Kelp in Prince William Sound, Alaska
ABSTRACT.-Dietary studies of sea otters often focus on the ecological implications of foraging on large, energy rich prey. Although fish eggs and kelp have been documented as part of sea otter diets in the past, their relative importance and ecological...
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Badger (Taxidea Taxus) Mounds Affect Soil Hydrological Properties in a Degraded Shrub-Steppe
ABSTRACT.-Overgrazing, weed invasion and wildfire have resulted in the conversion of large areas of shrub steppe to exotic annual grassland in the western United States. This has been accompanied by reduced habitat for native plants and animals, and...
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Bringing Evolution to Notre Dame: Father John Zahm, C.S.C. and Theistic Evolutionism
INTRODUCTIONAt both ends of the new Jordan Science Hall on the Notre Dame campus, engraved in large medallions in the floor, is an often repeated statement of geneticist Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-75), published 2 y before his death: "Nothing makes...
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Conservation Genetics of Remnant Lilium Philadelphicum Populations in the Midwestern United States
ABSTRACT.-In recent decades, an increasing number of plant species have been negatively affected by anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and disturbance. In many cases, the habitat matrix between populations has been converted from a natural to an urban...
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Content and Organization of a Scientific Paper
ABSTRACT. - This section is placed at the beginning of a manuscript and must convey everything presented: what the research was about, where, why, and how it was conducted, and what it means relative to the current state of knowledge. It should consist...
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Effects of an Invasive Plant Species, Celastrus Orbiculatus, on Soil Composition and Processes
ABSTRACT. - Celastrus orbiculatus is a non-native, invasive liana that was introduced to the United States in the 1860s and has spread rapidly throughout the Northeast. Several attributes contribute to the invasiveness of C. orbiculatus, including tolerance...
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Forest Expansion and Soil Carbon Changes in the Loess Hills of Eastern South Dakota
ABSTRACT.-We evaluated the status of remnant prairie patches in the Loess Hills of southeastern South Dakota using three parallel approaches. Aerial photograph analysis, vegetation surveys and stable carbon isotope analysis of soil organic matter all...
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Grassland Botanical Structure Influences Lek Spatial Organization in Gryllotalpa Major S. (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
ABSTRACT.-The prairie mole cricket (Gryllotalpa major Saussure) is a rare endemic of the tallgrass prairie ecosystem of the south central United States. Males advertise for females using a low frequency acoustic signal from surface burrows aggregated...
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Hikers Impact on the North Fork of the Virgin River, Zion National Park, Utah
ABSTRACT.-The research studied the benthic algal cyanobacterial community and ecological and physical characteristics to determine whether recreational hiking impacts the Virgin River in Zion National Park, Utah. Sampling occurred on 10 August 2001 of...
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Improve Scientific Writing and Avoid Perishing
ABSTRACT. - The purpose of scientific writing is to impart thoughts or ideas and their bases and implications in such a manner that a reading audience, with at least a moderate knowledge of science, can understand the material presented within a paper....
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In Homage to Our Founder; a Brief Biography of Reverend Julius Aloysious Nieuwland, C.S.C
This year we celebrate a century of scientific publishing at The American Midland Naturalist. Few scientific journals have such a lengthy and distinguished history (Mcintosh, 1990). An essential element to journal success and longevity is highly skilled...
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Modes of Crown Vetch Invasion and Persistence
ABSTRACT.-Plant invasions have been hypothesized to proceed at the local scale (i.e., individual patch or stand) according to one of several distinct spatial patterns. However, few studies have attempted to reconstruct the patterns of perennial herbaceous...
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Morphological and Ecological Relationships between Burrs and Furs
ABSTRACT.-Epizoochory is the mode of seed dispersal where a diaspore (disseminating plant propagule) is disseminated on the external surface of an animal. While the structures that facilitate diaspore adherence are diverse, epizoochory is considered...
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Noninvasive Survey Methods for Carnivores
Noninvasive Survey Methods for Carnivores, Long, Robert A., Paula MacKay, William J. Zielinski, Justina C. Ray, Island Press, Washington, 2008. 385 p."Noninvasive Survey Methods for Carnivores" is one of the first major published books to emerge on this...
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Nutrient Encounter by a Generalist Herbivore in a Heterogeneous Landscape
ABSTRACT.-Most landscapes are heterogeneous in vegetation composition and thus, in the distribution of nutrients required by herbivores for growth and reproduction. Hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispdus) inhabit Texas coastal prairies which are characterized...
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Range Expansion of Barred Owls, Part II: Facilitating Ecological Changes
ABSTRACT.-In Part I (Livezey, 2009), I presented the chronology and distribution of the range expansion of Barred Owls (Strix varia) from the late 1800s to the present. Here I explore what had prevented Barred Owls from expanding their range westward...
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Recent Books of Merit
The American Midland Naturalist has from time to time solicited reviewers for books we think have some merit and might be interest to our readers. However, we also receive books mat, although not entirely scientific in nature, hark back to the great...
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Survival and Cause-Specific Mortality of Wild Turkeys in Northern Indiana
ABSTRACT.-Information regarding survival and cause-specific mortality of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) is vital to their management, especially in small or isolated populations. Between January 2003 and August 2005, we used radio...
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The Importance of Pitcher Size in Prey Capture in the Carnivorous Plant, Sarracenia Alata Wood (Sarraceniaceae)
ABSTRACT.-Prey capture in pitcher plants has been found to be significantly dependent on pitcher size, but the actual importance of size is not clearly understood. We studied insect capture by the carnivorous plant Sarracenia alata and compared the rate...
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Twenty Five Years of Change in a Disjunct Tsuga Canadensis Forest in Southern Wisconsin
ABSTRACT.-A 1.44 ha plot in a disjunct Tsuga canadensis-dominated forest in southern Wisconsin was mapped and examined for 25 y. Every 5 y between 1981 and 2006, all of the trees = 2.54 cm dbh were measured and mortalities and additions were noted. The...
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