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The American Midland Naturalist
Articles from Vol. 168, No. 1, July
Advantages of Seed Dispersal for a Myrmecochorous Temperate Forest Herb
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ABSTRACT.The advantages of ant-mediated seed dispersal for myrmecochorous plants have often been framed in the context of directed dispersal and predator avoidance. Underlying and intertwining themes in these frameworks are the services of (a) moving...
Effects of Hemlock Mortality on Streams in the Southern Appalachian Mountains
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Abstract. -The death of eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) trees in response to infestation by the introduced hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) may affect ecosystem processes and structure of streams. Prior to hemlock mortality, we documented the...
Effects of Variation among Riffles on Prey Use and Feeding Selectivity of the Orangethroat Darter Etheostoma Spectabile
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ABSTRACT.Riffle-pool formation creates a pattern of alternating habitat types in streams, potentially dividing populations of organisms restricted to either riffles or pools. Such subdivision could lead to small-scale variation in ecological patterns,...
Hurricane Katrina Impact on a Leveed Bottomland Hardwood Forest in Louisiana
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ABSTRACT. -Human alterations of the environment may interact with natural disturbances to alter the characteristics of biological communities in unexpected ways. I studied vegetation plots in a leveed bottomland hardwood forest at Bayou Sauvage National...
Impact of Seed Predation by Mice on Wild Lupine in and near Oak Savannas
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ABSTRACT.Wild blue lupine (Lupinus perennis) in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio is an important nitrogen fixer and serves as an essential food source for the federally endangered Karner Blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis). In order...
Interactions among Forest-Floor Guild Members in Structurally Simple Microhabitats
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ABSTRACT. -Intraguild predation in structurally complex habitats is thought to weaken trophic cascades and increase food web stability. However, many predators commonly found in leaf litter become restricted to simple microhabitat beneath rocks and logs...
Investigation of the Relationship between the Steroid Hormone 11-Ketotestosterone and Reproductive Status in the Fish Lythrurus Fasciolaris
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ABSTRACT. -In teleost Fishes, 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) is a critical androgen regulating primary and secondary sex characteristics. In the sexually dimorphic Lythrurus fasciolaris (Cyprinidae), dominant nuptial males display heavy tuberculation on...
Minor Species as the Dominant Rodents in an Oldfield
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ABSTRACT.In this report of substantial syntopic populations, southern bog lemmings (Synaptomys cooperi) and woodland voles [Microtus (Pitymys) pinetorum] were the co-dominant rodents in a grassy oldfield in the absence of the large-bodied species of...
Pollination Biology and Seed Production of a Federally Endangered Perennial, Echinacea Laevigata (Asteraceae:Heliantheae)
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Abstract. -Pollination biology and factors affecting reproductive success of the federally endangered Echinacea laevigata (coneflower) were studied in one large and five small populations. Insect visitor exclusion from flowering heads and pollination...
Selected Habitats of Slimy Sculpin in Coldwater Tributaries of the Upper Mississippi River in Minnesota
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ABSTRACT.-Slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus are being reintroduced into coldwater streams in the upper Midwestern United States, where they were extirpated by stream degradation during the early- to mid-1900s. Habitat use and selection by slimy sculpin were...
Success of Slimy Sculpin Reintroductions in Minnesota Trout Streams: Influence of Feeding and Diets
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ABSTRACT.-Slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus are being reintroduced into coldwater streams in southeastern Minnesota to restore native biotic diversity and provide forage for large trout, but success has been variable. We examined slimy sculpin diets and...
The Distribution of Quercus Rubra in the Maumee Lake Plain of Southeastern Michigan
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ABSTRACT. -Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) has been described as an opportunistic, pioneer species adapted to mesic sites, though its presence and site-specific occurrence in extreme soil-water conditions is not well understood. Fifty woodlots were...
The Influence of Channelization on Fish Communities in an Agricultural Coldwater Stream System
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ABSTRACT.-We characterized coldwater stream fish community response to habitat degradation and channelization for agriculture. Coldwater streams are not common in the lower midwestern United States, and these streams differ from warmwater streams with...
The Strength of Nocomis Nest Association Contributes to Patterns of Rarity and Commonness among New River, Virginia Cyprinids
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ABSTRACT. -Many North American minnows (Cyprinidae) exhibit nest association, a spawning mode in which one species (associate) uses nests constructed by another species (host). Although this relationship may be obligate for some species, many nest associates...
Throughfall Chemistry and Soil Nutrient Effects of the Invasive Shrub Lonicera Maackii in Deciduous Forests
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ABSTRACT. -Invasive species usurp habitat space at the expense of natives, reducing biodiversity and altering ecosystem function. The non-native invasive shrub Amur honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii) is known to have substantial effects on forest structure...
