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Human Factors
Articles from Vol. 42, No. 2, Summer
An Empirical Comparison of Alternative Methodologies for the Evaluation of Configural Displays
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Two different methodologies (visual, memory) were used to evaluate alternative versions of the same configural display. One version (composite display) had several graphical design techniques applied, whereas the other version (baseline display) did...
Assessment of the Relationship between Box Weight and Trunk Kinematics: Does a Reduction in Box Weight Necessarily Correspond to a Decrease in Spinal Loading?
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Typically, the simplest and most cost-efficient ergonomic solution to offset the rising costs of low back injuries is to reduce the box weight that is lifted. However, there is limited research on how a worker interacts with the box. In the present...
A Survey of World Wide Web Use in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
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We conducted a survey to document World Wide Web use patterns in middle-aged (ages 40-59), young-old (ages 60-74), and old-old adults (ages 75-92). We conducted this survey of 550 adults 40 years old and over in southeastern Michigan, and the overall...
Continuous Assessment of Back Stress (CABS): A New Method to Quantify Low-Back Stress in Jobs with Variable Biomechanical Demands
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Jobs with a high degree of variability in manual materials handling requirements expose limitations in current low-back injury risk assessment tools and emphasize the need for a probabilistic representation of the biomechanical stress in order to quantify...
Effect of Aftermarket Automobile Window Tinting Films on Driver Vision
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This study was conducted to determine the level of automobile window tint that causes a significant reduction of vision for automobile drivers. Contrast sensitivity was measured on 20 participants, of whom 10 were age 20 to 29 years and 10 were age...
Is Dual-Task Performance Necessarily Impaired in Space?
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Recent single-subject experiments in space have reported impaired dual-task performance that could result from either a direct effect of microgravity on the central nervous system or from the multistressor environment. We sought to distinguish between...
Isoperformance and Personnel Decisions
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Isoperformance curves are contour lines or surfaces that trace all combinations of two or more determinants that suffice to produce a specified level of performance -- hence the term isoperformance. When the determinants are aptitude and training time...
Putting It All Together: Improving Display Integration in Ecological Displays
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Computer displays are being designed for increasingly larger industrial systems. As the application domain scales up, maintaining integration across different kinds of views becomes more challenging. This paper presents the results of a study of three...
Team Mental Models: Techniques, Methods, and Analytic Approaches
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Effective team functioning requires the existence of a shared or team mental model among members of a team. However, the best method for measuring team mental models is unclear. Methods reported vary in terms of how mental model content is elicited...
The Effects of Signal Salience and Caffeine on Performance, Workload, and Stress in an Abbreviated Vigilance Task
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In 2 experiments, a 12-min computerized vigilance task was demonstrated to reproduce the vigilance decrement, high workload (NASA-TLX), and stressful character (Dundee Stress State Questionnaire) of vigilance tasks lasting 30 mm or more. In Experiment...
The Effects of Task Complexity and Experience on Learning and Forgetting: A Field Study
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This paper examines the effects of task complexity and experience on parameters of individual learning and forgetting. Three attributes of task complexity and experience are addressed: the method, machine, and material employed. The task involved a...
The Immediate Effects of Glare and Electrochromic Glare-Reducing Mirrors in Simulated Truck Driving
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In this experiment 12 experienced truck drivers drove a fixed-base driving simulator for three 8-h sessions under simulated nighttime driving conditions. Sessions included (a) no glare, (b) intermittent glare presented in the exterior rearview mirrors...
