1 Introduction A specter is haunting Europe-the specter of class actions. Usually, European business groups jealously look to the United States with its flexible markets and benign government regulation. But when it comes to consumers' legal rights...
1 Introduction Currently, we are witnessing a resurgence of academic as well as political interest in the consumer. In view of the obvious problems of governance under conditions of a global market society, the question arises whether there is evidence...
1 Introduction The current state of consumer policy is an ambivalent one. On the one hand, consumer policy has improved in terms of its status, prominence and political recognition in Germany as well as in the European Union compared to the situation...
Consumer policy used to be an appendix to market integration in Europe. In the meantime the European Commission has turned consumer protection into a tool to boost the European Union's reputation. Be it new regulations on mobile phone tariffs, be it...
1 Introduction: Input and Output vs. Input or Output Supranational risk regulation--i.e. the regulation of potentially dangerous products in the European Single Market--is problematic in respect to its democratic legitimacy for two reasons. Firstly,...
1 Introduction The German landscape of social politics is changing. For a long time it was characterized by a stable set of actors and has often been characterized as basically (neo-) corporatist, with the trade unions and employers' associations...
1 Introduction Since the launching of the Single Market, the European Commission with the support of Europe's political leaders have sought to reach out to the people of Europe by promoting a "Europe of the Citizens" to neutralize the widespread...
1 Introduction The policy fields of risk regulation in the policy areas of health, environment and consumer protection are marked by a paradox. On the one hand, current dangers, scandals or accidents provoke massive political debates and cause state...
1 Sustainability across Community law and policy On 3 March 2008, the Council of Ministers at its 2856th meeting uniting the Environment Ministers of the European Union, stressed, on the subject of "Sustainable Consumption and Production", that...