Goals and Goal-Setting

The book begins with a treatment of the role of science and the nature of theory and research. A discussion of the early origins and history of organizational behavior follows. This is the most comprehensive coverage of how organizational behavior emerged and grew. It presents and evaluates the first generation theorists, whose work began during the first 20 years. The subject matter covered is motivation, leadership, and organizational decision making. The institutional culture of organizational behavior is discussed and a vision for the future of the field is stated. Here the early history and the evidence from the theories are brought together in an effort to assess the identity of organizational behavior and where it might be headed.

Shows how managers in any organizational setting can improve their own and their teams' results through a unique, step-by-step approach to setting goals and then - most importantly - by putting them into action. Curtis lays bare the linkages between organizational culture, philosophy, ethics, and the management of information and change, and shows how they contribute to goal setting and achievement. Throughout Curtis argues that deciding "what to do" may be an essential component of goal setting, but the real challenge is in "getting things done", and it is here that so many goal-setting systems fall. Part I begins by establishing the foundation for the remainder of the book. It addresses the managerial philosophy underlying goal setting. The theory of goal setting is covered in Part II. Studies are reviewed that show that organizations, teams, and individuals that set clear, challenging goals produce better results than those who do not. The next part begins by addressing goal setting from an organizational perspective. Team goal setting follows. Techniques for individual goal setting are discussed in Part V. Part VI pulls organizational, team, and individual goal setting together by examining the ways information must be managed in a goal-oriented setting. Part VII, Change and Goal Setting, provides the techniques necessary to implement the goal-setting philosophy in a rapidly changing world. The book concludes with an examination of the ultimate purpose of management, to produce positive results.

The volume begins by covering four basic phases of decision making: setting or clarifying goals, gathering information, structuring the decision, and making a final choice. Comprehensive reviews of existing literature on each of these topics is provided. Next, the author examines differences in decision making as a function of several factors not typically discussed in the literature: the type of decision being made (e.g., legal, medical, moral) and the existence of individual differences in the decision maker (developmental differences, individual differences in style or temperament, differences as a function of expertise). The author then examines the topic of group decision making, contrasting it with individual decision making. The volume concludes with some observations and suggestions for improving peoples' everyday decision making. This book is intended for use as a core textbook or supplement for courses in psychology, education, or allied disciplines. It will also be an invaluable resource for people who work with people making decisions in various applied settings, such as schools, universities, and health care centers.

Work Motivation in the Context of a Globalizing Economy evolved from a work motivation conference held in Israel, attended by a group of internationally renowned scholars. These scholars were given the charge of creating a vision of motivation research for the 21st century. Coming from different parts of the world, the scholars represent a wide range of perspectives from the very micro focus on the individual level of motivation, through the meso level of groups and organizations, and up to the macro level of culture. The authors provide an entry to the book by summarizing several mega-trends manifest across all of the chapters and identifying several emerging trends that are left for future research.