Celts

Celt - kĕlt, sĕlt or Keltkĕlt. 1 One who speaks a Celtic language or who derives ancestry from an area where a Celtic language was spoken; i.e., one from Ireland, the Scottish Hebrides and Highlands, the Isle of Man, Wales, Cornwall, or Brittany. 2 A member of a group of peoples first found in SW Germany and E France early in the 2d millennium b.c., but perhaps much older than Read More...

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Celts

1 .

The Celts: Very Short Introduction
by Barry Cunliffe. 161 pgs.

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Savage and bloodthirsty, or civilized and peaceable? The Celts have long been a subject of enormous fascination, speculation, and misunderstanding. From the ancient Romans to the present day, their real nature has been obscured by a tangled web of preconceived ideas and stereotypes. Barry Cunliffe seeks to reveal this fascinating people for the first time, using an impressive range of evidence, and exploring subjects such as trade, migration, and the evolution of Celtic traditions. Along the way, he exposes the way in which society's needs have shaped our visions of the Celts, and examines such colorful characters as St. Patrick, Cu Chulainn, and Boudica.

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Title Page

Contents

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1: All Things to All Men

Chapter 2: A View from the Mediterranean

Chapter 3: A Little Prehistory: the Atlantic Longue Durée

Chapter 4: A Little More Prehistory: the Elites of Middle Europe

Chapter 5: Peoples on the Move

Chapter 6: Talking to Each Other

Chapter 7: Telling Stories

Chapter 8: Sharing Values

Chapter 9: Gauls and Romans

Chapter 10: Britons and Romans

Chapter 11: Interlude: the Story So Far

Chapter 12: Threads of Continuity: the Celtic Twilight

Chapter 13: Reinventing the Celts

Chapter 14: Striving for Identity

Chapter 15: Every Night a Fest Noz: the New Celtomania

Chapter 16: So, Who Were the Celts?

Further Reading

Index

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2 .

The Celts
by Sabatino Moscati, Otto Hermann Frey, Venceslas Kruta, Barry Raftery, Miklos Szabo. 714 pgs.

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Before its decline in the first century B.C., the Celtic world stretched from the British Isles to the Carpathian Mountains and Asia Minor, and the Celts possessed their own vital and highly original civilization, revealed in the rich profusion of ornamental motifs that decorate Celtic weapons and artefacts. Their traditions live on in customs, names, and crafts, and they contributed greatly to the formation of Europe. Archaeological excavations have recovered some of the beautiful treasures of the Celts, as well as much evidence of their social and economic life. This revised paperback edition of the landmark volume that accompanied an exhibition at the Palazzo Grassi takes the reader on a voyage through many eras, places, and themes to rediscover the story of a people still in some ways shrouded in mystery. It reveals the aggressive voyages of the Celts to the shores of foreign civilizations, and evidence of their great sophistication-- the Gallic calendar, their advanced agricultural techniques, their craftsmanship and metalwork. Written by scholars in the field, this is the ideal handbook on the Celtic culture.

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Contents

Lenders

Palazograssi

Honorary Committee

Foreword

The Celts and Ancient Europe

Celtic Art

In Search of the Ancient Celts

Ancient Literary Sources

The Archaeological Sources

The Language and Writing of the Early Celts

The Image of the Celts in Etruscan, Greek and Roman Art

The Dying Gaul Marina Mattei

The Age of the Princes Sixth Century B.C.

Celtic Princes in the Sixth Century B.C.

Golasecca Culture and Its Links with Celts beyond the Alps

The Princely Tombs of Burgundy

The Celtic Princes of Hohenasperg (Baden-Württemberg)

The Heuneburg Hillfort and the Proto-Celtic Princely Tombs of Upper Rhineland Wolfgang Kimming

The Vix Settlement and the Tomb of the Princess: Nadine Berthelier-Ajot

Bragny-Sur-SaôNe (saôNe-Et-Loire) Metallurgy Center, Fifth Century B.C: Jean-Loup Flouest

Bourges: A Hallstatt Site in the Loire Valley: S. Delabesse and Jacques Troadec

Jes Jogasses: Pierre Roualet

The Celtic Hillfort of Kemmelberg: André Van Doorselaer

ChâTillon-Sur-GlâNe: A Late Hallstatt Princely Residence: Hanni Schwab

The Formation of the la TèNe Culture Fifth Century B.C.

The Formation of the la TèNe Culture in the Fifth Century B C.

The Marnian Culture of Champagne

The Hallstatt Salt Mines

The Dürrnberg near Hallein: A Center Art and Culture

Somme-Bionne Ian Mathieson Stead

The LéGlise Barrow Cemetery in the Ardennes (Belgium) Anne Cahen-Delhaye

The Barrows of the Jura

Kleinaspergle near Asperg Kreis Ludwigsburg (Baden-Württemberg)

The Hillfort and Sanctuary of ZáVist

Manětín-HráDek

The Finds at the Chýnov Settlement

The Early la TèNe Court Residence at Droužkovice

The Princely Tombs of Chlum

The Steinsburg Hillfort

The St. PöLten Area in the Fifth Century B.C.

The Necropolis at BćUany

The First Historical Expansion Fourth Century B.C.

The First Celtic Expansion: Prehistory to History

The Alps at the Time of the First Celtic Migrations

The Celts in Italy

Armorica

The Champagne Region under Celtic Rule during the Fourth and Third Centuries B.C.

The Swiss Plateau

The Rhineland

Bavaria

The Celtic Population of Bohemia in the Fourth Century B.C.

The Celtic Population of Moravia in the Fourth Century B.C.

The Carpathian Basin

The Filottrano Cemetery

The Burial at Moscano Fabriano

The Settlement and Cemetery at Monte Bibele

Coins Cast with the Head of the Gaul in the Area of Ariminum

The Agris Helmet

The Waldalgesheim Tomb

The Treasure of Duchcov

The Cemetery near St. PöLten

The Mannersdorf Cemetery Johannes-Wolfgang Neugebauer

Miklós Szabó the Celts and Their Movements in the Third Century B.C.

Mercenary Activity

The Scordisci

The Celts and Their Gold: Origins, Production and Social Role

The Celtic War Chariot the Experimental Reconstruction in the Schweizerisches Landesmuseum

The Settlement and Cemetery at Ens6Rune

The Hillfort and Sanctuary at Roquepertuse

The Celtic Sanctuary at Gournay-Sur-Aronde

La TèNe

Celtic Craftwork at la TèNe Michel Egloff

The Tomb of the Warrior and Surgeon of München-Obermenzing and Other Archaeological Evidence of Celtic Medicine

Giengen: A Middle la TèNe Cemetery

The Brå Cauldron

The Brno-MaloměřIce Jug

The Iwanowice Cemetery and the Celts in Poland Zenon Woźniak

The Sopron--Krautacker Settlement Elisabeth Jerem

Pečine: An Early la TéNe Burial Site Borislav Jovanović

The la TèNe Cemetery at Pişcolt Joan Nemeti

The Cemetery of ÇIumeşti and the Chieftain's Tomb Vlad Zirra

The Chariot Burial at Mezek Alexandre Fol

The Celts of Iberia

The Celts of the Iberian Peninsula

Numantia Alfredo Jimeno Martínez View of the Site of Numantia (spain)

The Era of the Oppida Second-First Century B.C.

The Oppida of the Second and First Centuries B.C.

The History of Vegetation

Agriculture: Animal Husbandry

Handicrafts Susanne Sievers, Radomír Pleiner Natalie Venclovd, Udo Geilenbrügge

Coinage

The Transpadane Celts

The Taurisci

The Celts in the Balkan Area

Celtic Society in the First Century B.C.

Celtic Writing

Celtic Religion

The Romanization of Gaul

The Romanization of the Danubian Countries

Bibracte: An Oppidum of the Aedui People J. -P. Guillaumet

Late Celtic Horsemen's Graves at Goeblingen-Nospelt Jeannot Metzler

The Celtic Port of Geneva Charles Bonnet

Basel: The Oppidum of Münsterhügel and the Gasfabrik Settlement

Berne-Enge the Oppidum on the Engehalbinsel near Berne Felix Müller

The Votive Deposit at Tiefenau near Berne Felix Müller

The River Site of Port Nidau

The Oppidum of Manching

The Votive Deposit at Niederzier

The Irsching Hoard

The Fellbach-Schmiden Sanctuary

The Dejbjerg Carts

The Gundestrup Cauldron

The Ball Torques Celtic Art outside the Celtic World

Stradonice: A Celtic Oppidum Jiri Bren

The Oppidum of ZáVist Karla Motyková, Petr Drda, Alena Rybová

A Celtic Oppidum: Třísov Jiri Bren

The Kolín Tool Hoard Karla Motyková and Alena Rybová

The Oppidum of Staré Hradisko Jiri Meduna

The Oppidum of Bratislava Lev Zachar

The Kingdom of Noricum and the City on the Magdalensberg Gernot Piccottini

The Island Celts

The Island Celts

Maritime Traffic between the Continent and Britain

Hillforts

Celtic Religion and Mythology

Barry Raftery Bogs

Danebury Barry Cunliffe

Maiden Castle, Dorset, Britain Niall Sharples

Gussage All Saints Jennifer Foster

Metalwork from Llyn Cerrig Bach Stephen Green

Navan Fort Christopher J. Lynn

Tara, County Meath Barry Raftery

Dun Aengus, Inishmore, Aran, County Galway, Ireland Barry Raftery

Dún Ailinne Bernard Wailes

The Turoe Stone

The Broighter Hoard

The Christian Celts

The Early Medieval Celts

Celtic Enamel

Music Archaeology and the Ancient Celts

Celtic Heroic Tradition

Celtic Law

The Irish Missions

The Arthurian Cycle and Celtic Heritage in European Culture

The Modern Celts

Final Considerations

The Ancient Writers

General Bibliography

Index
3 .

New Directions in Celtic Studies
by Amy Hale, Philip Payton. 238 pgs.

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Contents

Notes on Contributors

Preface

Introduction

Part One: Popular Culture, Representation and Celtic 'Lifestyles'

1: Reading the Record Bins

2: Stone Circles and Tables Round

3: Pre-Packaged Breton Folk Narrative

4: Contemporary Celtic Spirituality

Part Two: The Celtic Diaspora

5: Pagans, Pipers and Politicos

6: Re-Inventing Celtic Australia

7: Creative Ethnicity

Part Three: Celtic Praxis

8: Provision of Manx Language Tuition in Schools in the Isle of Man

9: The Gaelic Economy Roy Pedersen

10: Rural Tourism and Identity

Conclusion: New Directions in Celtic Studies

Index
4 .

The Book of Kells
by Edward Sullivan. 94 pgs.

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Contents

Prefatory Note

Foreword

Introduction to The Third Edition

Introduction to The Second Edition

The Book of Kells

The Plates
5 .

The Druids: Priests of the Ancient Celts
by Paul R. Lonigan. 144 pgs.

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This comprehensive study of the Druids offers a fresh look at the enigmatic and often controversial question of the role of these priests in Celtic society. The religion of Druidism is examined as an inheritance of Indo-European tradition, with intriguing analogies made between Irish and Roman cultic practices. The author identifies the functions of the ancient priests, providing an inventory of their duties and services. Druids are also defined in terms of their connections with other branches of Eurasian mysticism. This study will be of particular interest to scholars of Irish culture, Celtic culture, and comparative religion.

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Contents

Preface

1: Identifying the Druids

2: The Extent of Druidism

3: *N-M-: The Celtic and Roman Traditions

4: Summary

Bibliography

Index

About the Author
6 .

The Ancient Celts
by Barry Cunliffe. 324 pgs.

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Fierce warriors and skilled craftsmen, the Celts were famous throughout the ancient Mediterranean world, the archetypal barbarians from the north, feared by both Greeks and Romans. And though this ancient thousand-year-old civilization was crushed by the military campaigns of Julius Caesar, the Celts remain an object of fascination to this day. Now, in The Ancient Celts, Barry Cunliffe, one of the world's leading authorities on European prehistory, explores the true nature of the Celtic identity and presents the first thorough and up-to-date account of a people whose origins still provoke heated debate. Drawing on a wealth of recent archaeological findings, Cunliffe reveals how this loose band of nomads evolved from migratory barbarians into adroit traders and artists, inhabiting virtually every corner of Europe north of the Po. Beginning in the Hungarian plains of 1300 B.C., where the first hints of Celtic culture can be traced, the book shows how this fierce people slowly grew into one of Europe's most feared powers, constantly raiding and threatening the empires of both Greece and the Rome. Cunliffe demonstrates how the unprecedented Celtic diaspora gave way to the development of a number of mature, urban societies scattered throughout the continent. The book pays ample tribute to Celtic economic prowess, revealing how the civilization shrewdly took advantage of Europes tin, cooper, and gold resources to become both a respected trading partner with Rome and a nation of skilled artisans who forged some of the greatest weaponry of pre-antiquity. The book also describes the Celtss pantheistic religious traditions, with detailed accounts of weapon burials, human sacrifices, and the meditative powers of the Druids, and it concludes with a look at the influences of the Celtic mystique on the modern world, revealing how the concept of the Celt has been used many times by nations in search for an identity. From the Victorians glorification of Boudicca, to linguistic influences in Ireland and Britain, to the common bond of Celtic ancestry that virtually every European shares, this comprehensive history demystifies the world of the Celts as never before. A fascinating history blending insightful narrative with vivid detail, and boasting over 200 illustrations--including 24 color plates--and 30 maps, The Ancient Celts is an indispensable guide to this age-old, intriguing culture.

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Title Page

Preface

Contents

List of Colour Plates

1: Visions of the Celts

2: The Reality of the Celts

3: Barbarian Europe and the Mediterranean

4: The Migrations

5: Warfare and Society

6: The Arts of the Migration Period

7: Iberia and the Celtiberians

8: The Communities of the Atlantic FaçAde

9: The Communities of the Eastern Fringes

10: Religious Systems

11: The Developed Celtic World

12: The Celts in Retreat

13: Celtic Survival

14: Retrospect

A Guide to Further Reading

Chronological Tables

Map Section

Index
7 .

Ironweed, Alcohol, and Celtic Heroism, in Critique
by Anya Taylor. 14 pgs.

Journal Article

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8 .

Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe: Early Scandinavian and Celtic Religions
by H. R. Ellis Davidson. 272 pgs.

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Title Page

Contents

List of Illustrations

Preface and Acknowledgements

Introduction

I: Holy Places

II: Feasting and Sacrifice

III: The Rites of Battle

IV: Land -Spirits and Ancestors

V: Foreknowledge and Destiny

VI: The Other World

VII: The Ruling Powers

Conclusion

References

Bibliography

Index
9 .

Kings of Celtic Scotland
by Benjamin T. Hudson. 206 pgs.

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The Kings of Celtic Scotland examines the formation and development of the early medieval Scottish Kingdom. Using a study of the individual monarchs, from the 9th to 11th centuries, the supremacy of the Scots in northern Britain is placed in the wider context of Irish and English history. This study uses family history and literature in conjunction with political narrative and places medieval Celtic history into the tradition of Scottish historical research.

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Recent Titles in Contributions to the Study of World History

Contents

Tables, Maps and Genealogies

Preface

Methods and Abbreviations

Introduction: Scots, Picts and Their Neighbors

1: Prelude to Scotland

2: Kings of the Picts and Scots

3: Causantín II

4: Arbitrators of the North

5: Máel Coluim II and Donnchad I

6: Cenél Loairn

7: The Early Scottish Kings

Tables, Maps and Genealogies

Notes to Genealogy 6

Bibliography

Index

About the Author
10 .

Representing Ireland: Gender, Class, Nationality (includes "Studying a New Science: Yeats, Irishness, and the East")
by Susan Shaw Sailer. 226 pgs.

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"From demographics to politics to very private memory making, this volume covers the 'grounds' of Irishness as no other I have seen. Considering the variety of topics and the different interests among the contributors, it is remarkable that (the book) is so consistently accessible, jargon-free, and graceful". -- Mary Lowe-Evans, University of West Florida
"A wide-ranging and important collection of essays on the intersections of social class, gender, national identity, and aesthetics in Irish literature and culture. It is a timely and significant contribution to Irish studies". -- Jonathan Allison, University of Kentucky
In one of the first books to bring contemporary critical theory to bear on Irish studies, contributors -- eminent Irish and American scholars -- provide insightful and timely essays on Ireland's changing identity by looking at representations of Ireland in history, film, literature, and political science.
Contributors explore the role of language in identity construction, modern efforts to reconstruct Irish identity after the Great Famine, and the impact of gender and class on nationality Ultimately, the Ireland that emerges from these theoretical, multidisciplinary snapshots is complex, diverse, and largely unmapped. Long defined by others, it is also an Ireland ready and eager to define itself.

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CONTENTS

Figures

PREFACE

Representation: Responsibility/Ideology/Power/Difference

Works Cited

I: Constructing Irish Identities: Nationality, Gender, Language

Chapter 1: From Nationalism to Liberation

Chapter 2: "The stone recalls its quarry" An Interview with Eiléan Ní ChuilleaNáin

Chapter 3: Why I Choose to Write in Irish, the Corpse That Sits Up and Talks Back

II: Reconstructing Irish Identities

Chapter 4: Irish Identity and the Illustrated London News, 1846-1851 Famine to Depopulation

Chapter 5: Studying a New Science Yeats, Irishness, and the East

Chapter 6: The Changing Social Bases of Political Identity in Ireland

III: Interweavings: Gender, Class, Nationality

Works Cited

Chapter 8: Irish Working-Class Women and World War I

Chapter 9: First Principles and Last Things Death and the Poetry of Eavan Boland and Audre Lorde

Chapter 10: Women, "Queers," Love, and Politics The Crying Game as a Corrective Adaptation of/Reply to The Hostage

CONTRIBUTORS

INDEX
11 .

The Identity of the Scottish Nation: An Historic Quest (includes "The Dawn of Enlightenment")
by William Ferguson. 341 pgs.

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Drawing on his encyclopedic knowledge of Scottish history, William Ferguson traces the origin of Scottish national identity, and people's perceptions of it, from earliest times to the present day. From the Scottish Origin Legend, expressed in the works of the medieval chroniclers, to the ideas of contemporary historians, Ferguson provides a guide to Gaelic kingship, George Buchanan, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, James Macpherson, Goths versus Gaels, and George Chalmers.

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Contents

Preface

Chapter 1: Introduction - 'In the Beginning . . .'

Notes

Chapter 2: Mythopoeia and Superiority

Notes

Chapter 3: The Chronicling of An Advocate's Brief

Notes

Chapter 4: Humanism and New Looks at Old History

Notes

Chapter 5: George Buchanan, Humanist and Historian

Notes

Chapter 6: The Religious Factor -- Old Dogmatisms and New

Notes

Chapter 7: Antiquarians Versus Antiquaries

Notes

Chapter 8: Towards Enlightenment and A New VIew of History

Notes

Chapter 9: The Dawn of Enlightenment

Notes

Chapter 10: Enlightenment and Darkness VIsible

Notes

Chapter 11: James Macpherson and 'The Invention of Ossian'

Notes

Chapter 12: Goth Versus Gael

Notes

Chapter 13: Per Ardua Ad Astra

Notes

Chapter 14: Conclusion

Notes

Bibliography

Index
12 .

A Companion to Scottish Culture (includes "Art in the Christian Celtic Era")
by David Daiches. 433 pgs.

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A Companion to Scottish Culture

Preface

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

W

Y

Further Reading

Index
13 .

Beowulf and Celtic Tradition (includes "Review of the Case for Celtic Influence in Beowulf")
by Martin Puhvel. 142 pgs.

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Beowulf and Celtic Tradition

Contents

Preface

I: Review of the Case for Celtic Influence in Beowulf

II: The Might of Grendel's Mother

III: The Light-Phenomenon in Grendel's Dwelling

IV: The Melting of the Giant-Wrought Sword

V: Beowulf and Irish Battle Rage

VI: The Swimming Prowess of Beowulf

VII: Beowulf's Fights with Water-Monsters

VIII: Beowulf and Irish Underwater Adventure

IX: Beowulf's Slaying of DæGhrefn

X: The Question of the Origin of the Grendel Story

Index
14 .

The Wild Irish Girl: A National Tale
by Lady Sydney Morgan, Kathryn Kirkpatrick. 280 pgs.

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"I long to study the purely national, purely natural character of an Irishwoman." When Horatio, the son of an English lord, is banished to his father's Irish estate as punishment for his dissipated ways, he goes off in search of adventure. On the wild west coast of Connaught he finds remnants of a romantic Gaelic past--a dilapidated castle, a Catholic priest, a deposed king and the king's lovely daughter Glorvina. In this setting and among these characters Horatio learns the history, culture, and language of a country he had once scorned, but he must do so in disguise, for his own English ancestors are responsible for the ruin of the Gaelic family he comes to love. Written after the Act of Union, The Wild Irish Girl. (1806) is a passionately nationalistic novel and a founding text in the discourse of Irish nationalism. This unique paperback edition includes the 'Introductory Letters' to the novel as well as Owenson's footnotes, rich in detail on the Irish language, history, and legend.

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CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

INTRODUCTION

NOTE ON THE TEXT

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

A CHRONOLOGY OF SYDNEY OWENSON

INTRODUCTORY LETTERS

LETTER I

LETTER II

LETTER II

LETTER II

LETTER II

LETTER II

LETTER VII

LETTER VIII

LETTER IX

LETTER X

LETTER XI

LETTER XII

LETTER XII

LETTER XII

LETTER XII

LETTER XII

LETTER XVII

LETTER XVIII

LETTER XVIII

LETTER XVIII

LETTER XVIII

LETTER XVIII

LETTER XXIV

LETTER XXV

LETTER XXV

LETTER XXV

LETTER XXVIII

LETTER XXIX

LETTER XXIX

CONCLUSION

EXPLANATORY NOTES
15 .

Some Additional Celtic and Germanic Traces of the Tri-Functional Sacrifice, in Journal of American Folklore
by Georges Dumezil. 5 pgs.

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