Rejecting the artificial dichotomy between qualitative and quantitative research strategies in the social and behavioral sciences, Isadore Newman and Carolyn R. Benz argue that the two approaches are neither mutually exclusive nor interchangeable; rather, the actual relationship between the two paradigms is one of isolated events on a continuum of scientific inquiry. Through graphic and narrative descriptions, Newman and Benz show research to be a holistic endeavor in the world of inquiry. To clarify their argument, they provide a diagram of the "qualitative-quantitative interactive continuum" showing that qualitative analysis with its feedback loops can easily modify the types of research questions asked in quantitative analysis research and that the quantitative analysis results and its feedback can change what will be asked qualitatively. In their model for research - an "interactive continuum" - Newman and Benz emphasize four major points: the research question dictates the selection of research methods; consistency between question and design can lead to a method of critiquing research studies in journals; the interactive continuum model is built around the place of theory; and the assurance of "validity" of research is central to all studies.
The authors of this unique text found that while most students can "crunch" the numbers quite easily and accurately with a calculator or computer, many have trouble seeing the "big picture" or seeing how research questions and design influence data analysis. As a result, the authors developed a semantically consistent framework that integrates traditional research approaches (experimental, quasi-experimental, comparative) into three basic kinds of research questions (difference, associational, and descriptive), which, in turn, lead to three kinds or groups of statistics with the same names. This text: *helps students become good consumers of research by demonstrating how to analyze and evaluate research articles; *offers a number of summarizing diagrams and tables that clarify confusing or difficult to learn topics; *points out the value of qualitative research and how it should lead quantitative researchers to be more flexible; *divides all quantitative research questions into five logically consistent categories that help students select appropriate statistics and understand their cause and effect; and *classifies design into three major types: between groups, within subjects, and mixed groups and shows that, although these three types use the same general type of statistics (e.g., ANOVA), the specific statistics in between-groups design are different from those in within-subjects and mixed groups.
This research guide provides a comprehensive summary of all quantitative research in the World Politics field published in scholarly journals between 1970 and 1991. Each such article is summarized in terms of the central query or hypotheses, the spatial-temporal domain, the measurement of the predictor and outcome variables, the data analysis, and the findings. Article summaries are arranged alphabetically by first author. This guide contains three extensive indexes. The first references articles according to the topic(s) covered; the second according to the states, dyads, and other entities used as units-of-analyses in the study; the third according to the authors of the research. Graduate students, scholars, and practitioners will find this book an invaluable overview of the quantitative research that has been conducted on World Politics over the past two decades.
A Handbook of Media and Communications Research presents qualitative as well as quantitative approaches to the analysis and interpretation of media, covering perspectives from both the social sciences and the humanities. The Handbook offers a comprehensive review of earlier research and a set of guidelines for how to think about, plan, and carry out studies of media in different social and cultural contexts. Divided into sections on the history, systematics and pragmatics of research, and written by internationally acknowledged specialists in each area, the Handbook will be a standard reference work for students and researchers.
Designed for those who study organizations and the people within them, this valuable source book of research contains analysis and discussion of research methods (both quantitative and qualitative), in terms of their uses and limitations.
This work studies the design and conduct of research in Human Resource Development, examining the possibilities and limitations of particular methods and techniques.