Handbook on Risk of AIDS: Injection Drug Users and Sexual Partners

Table of contents

• Title Page iii
• Contents v
• Contributors ix
• Figures and Tables xv
• Abbreviations xxv
• Preface xxvii
• Acknowledgments xxix
• Introduction: At Risk for AIDS--Injection Drug Users and Their Sexual Partners xxxi
• References xl
• I. HIV Infection Among Drug Users 1
• 1: Overview of the History of the HIV Epidemic Among Drug Injectors 3
• References 12
• 2: The Prevalence of HIV Infection in a National Sample of Injection Drug Users 16
• Appendix A Discriminant Function Analysis 31
• Notes 35
• References 36
• 3: HIV Infection/Serostatus--Outside Epicenters Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Infection: A Comparison Among Injection 38
• Conclusions 68
• Note 69
• References 69
• 4: HIV Seroprevalence Among Injection Drug Users in Puerto Rico: A Comparative Perspective 72
• References 84
• II. Patterns of Injection Drug and Crack Use 89
• 5: Drug Use Patterns Among Injection Drug Users and Their Sex Partners 91
• Conclusions 113
• Notes 113
• References 115
• 6: Needle Use Behavior 116
• References 135
• 7: Needle Use Risks: Composite Measures and Comparisons 137
• References 153
• 8: Epidemiology of Crack Use Among Injection Drug Users and Sex Partners of Injection Drug Users 155
• References 168
• III. Gender Issues 171
• 9: Women and Men Injection Drug Users: An Updated Look at Gender Differences and Risk Factors 173
• References 192
• 10: Characteristics of Female Sexual Partners 195
• References 210
• 11: Sex for Money and Drugs 211
• References 222
• IV. Demographic and Background Issues 225
• 12: AIDS and Puerto Rican Injection Drug Users in the United States 227
• References 252
• 13: Risk Factors and HIV Infection Among Three Different Cultural Groups of Injection Drug Users 256
• References 272
• 14: African American Injection Drug Users 275
• References 294
• 15: Drug Use, Sexual Behaviors, Risk of HIV Infection, and Age Differences Among Injection Drug Users Not in Treatment 297
• References 311
• 16: Homelessness and Risk Behaviors Among Intravenous Drug Users In Chicago and New York City 313
• References 326
• 17: Mobility as a Factor in the Spread of HIV Among Intravenous Drug Abusers 328
• References 336
• 18: Injection Drug Users, Incarceration, and HIV: Some Legal and Social Service Delivery Issues 337
• References 349
• V. Issues in the Use of Drug Abuse Treatment 353
• 19: Injection Drug Users, Drug Treatment, and HIV Risk Behavior 355
• References 372
• 20: Injection Drug Users and Self-Help Groups 374
• References 384
• 21: Entry into Treatment of IDUs Based on the Association of Outreach Workers with Treatment Programs 386
• References 394
• 22: A Comparison of AIDS Intervention Approaches for Injection Drug Users: Street Outreach Versus Drug Treatment Intake--Are They Hitting the Some or Different Targets? 396
• References 433
• VI. Outreach and Behavior Change Strategies 435
• 23: Outreach to IDUs Not in Treatment 437
• References 443
• 24: Outreach to Injection Drug-Using Women 445
• References 461
• 25: Outreach to Sexual Partners 464
• References 482
• 26: Problem-Solving Skills Training: Addressing High-Risk Behaviors in Newark and Jersey City 483
• References 496
• 27: Changing the Culture of Risk 499
• References 514
• VII. Risk Reduction Consequent to Outreach/Intervention 517
• 28: Comparative Effectiveness of NADR Interventions 519
• 28: Comparative Effectiveness of Nadr Interventions 550
• References 552
• Index 557
• About the Editors 571

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