gĭnzˈbûrg, 1926–97, American poet, b. Paterson, N.J., grad. Columbia, 1949. An outspoken member of the beat generation, Ginsberg is best known for Howl (1956), a long poem attacking American values in the 1950s. The prose of Jack Kerouac, the insights of Zen Buddhism, and the free verse of Walt Whitman were some of the sources for Ginsberg's quest to glorify everyday experience, embrace the ecstatic moment, and promote sponteneity and freedom of expression. His volumes of poetry include Kaddish and Other Poems, 1958–60 (1961), Collected Poems, 1947–1980 (1984), and White Shroud: Poems 1980–85 (1986). Allen Verbatim (1974) is a collection of lectures and Deliberate Prose (2000) a selection of essays.

See his journals (5 vol., 1971–96); collected correspondence (5 vol., 1976–2001); D. Carter, ed., Spontaneous Mind: Selected Interviews, 1958–1996 (2001); M. Schumacher, ed., Family Business: Selected Letters between a Father and Son (2001); biographies by B. Miles (1989) and M. Schumacher (1992); studies by L. Hyde, ed. (1984), T. F. Merrill (1988), and B. Miles (1993); bibliographies ed. by G. Dowden (1971), M. P. Kraus (1980), and B. Morgan (1995).

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