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NIEPCE, JOSEPH NICÉPHORE

zhôzĕfˈ nēsāfôrˈ nyĕps, 1765–1833, French chemist who originated a process of photography (see photography, still ). In 1826 he produced the first known photograph, which he called a heliograph, using bitumen of Judea (a form of asphalt) on on a pewter plate. From 1829 he worked with Louis Daguerre, who perfected the process after the death of Niepce. A nephew, Claude Felix Abel Niepce de Saint-Victor, 1805–70, also a chemist, was the first to use albumen in photography and also produced photographic engravings on steel.

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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright© 2004, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. All rights reserved.

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Publication Information: Encyclopedia Article Title: Niepce, Joseph NicÉphore. Encyclopedia Title: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Publisher: Columbia University Press. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 2004.
    
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