SLEEP DISORDERS:
EVALUATION AND
MANAGEMENT IN THE
OFFICE SETTING
Anthony Kales
Constantin R. Soldatos
Joyce D. Kales
THE evaluation and treatment of sleep disorders constitute an important area of psychiatric practice. Psychological factors are prominent in the etiology of insomnia, certain cases of hypersomnia, secondary enuresis, and in cases of adults who suffer from sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares. In childhood the development of sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares is usually related to maturational factors ; psychiatric disturbances are occasionally primary. In other sleep disorders such as narcolepsy, primary enuresis, and sleep apnea, psychological factors are rarely causative. However, since these disorders often have extensive psychosocial consequences, they are frequently the cause of psychological disturbances.
Disturbance of sleep is a common symptom of such psychiatric conditions as depression, mania, schizophrenia, or anxiety. Even when disturbed sleep is associated with a medical illness, psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, insecurity, lowered self‐ esteem, and fear of a more permanent invalidism or death are often causative.
The prevalence of sleep disorders in the general population is quite striking. In a survey 17 of representative households in the Los
Questia, a part of Gale, Cengage Learning. www.questia.com
Publication information:
Book title: Advances and New Directions.
Edition: 2nd.
Contributors: Silvano Arieti - Editor, H. Keith H. Brodie - Editor.
Publisher: Basic Books.
Place of publication: New York.
Publication year: 1981.
Page number: Not available.
This material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.
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