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On Genesis: Two Books on Genesis against the Manichees; And, on the Literal Interpretation of Genesis, an Unfinished Book

By: Saint Augustine; Roland J. S. J. Teske | Book details

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that this whole work belongs to the day and that after this work, as if the day were finished, evening came. Because the night belongs to its day as well, one day is not said to have passed until the night has also passed when morning has come. Thus the remaining days are calculated from morning to morning. For now, when morning has come and one day has passed, there begins the work that follows upon the morning that has come, and after that work there comes evening and then morning and another day passes. In this way the rest of the days pass from then on.


CHAPTER 11

How the Waters Are Divided by the Firmament: Verses Six to Eight

17. "And God said, 'Let there be the firmament in the middle of the water, and let there be a division between the waters.' So it was done. And God made the firmament, and God divided the water that is above the firmament from the water that is below the firmament, and God called the firmament heaven, and God saw that it was good." 56. I do not recall that the Manichees are accustomed to find fault with this. The waters were divided so that some were above the firmament and others below the firmament. Since we said that matter was called water, I believe that the firmament of heaven separated the corporeal matter of visible things from the incorporeal matter of invisible things. 57. For though heaven is a very beautiful body, every invisible creature sur‐

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56.
Gen 1.6-8.
57.
Though Augustine cannot recall any Manichaean objections to this verse, he cannot resist saying something about the waters above and below the firmament, that is, about incorporeal and corporeal matter. For Augustine there is matter in everything but God, for it is the principle of mutability, and God alone is absolutely immutable; cf. C 12.6.6. For an excellent account of Augustine's view of matter, cf. Solignac's note on C 12.3.3-6.6 in BA 14.599-603. Augustine derived the doctrine of spiritual and corporeal matter from Plotinus; cf. Enneads 1.8.9; 2.4.8; 2.7.2; 6.9.7. Cf. also A. H. Armstrong, "Spiritual and Intelligible Matter in Plotinus and Augustine," AM 1.276-283. It is only the few that understand how invisible waters surpass this sky; the little ones presumably have to believe until they can understand.

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